Gravitons 2

Gravitons are supposedly massless particles, which would travel only at the speed of light. When these particles were intercepted, and re-exchanged, gravity would be the intended result.

Somewhat similar to the way that our eyes would detect the presence of light by observing photons (which are the carrier packets of light), the gravitational attraction between masses would be the result of the emission of gravitons. The more massive the object, the more gravitons which it would emit, and the more gravity which would be detected between masses.

Due to the massless nature of gravitons, the force of gravity could extend it's influence to infinite range. The electrical force would also be infinite in range, due to the masslessness of photons. In contrast, using very large massive particles (compared to the distances involved), the nuclear forces of the weak force and the strong force would have very short ranges. Once outside of the region near the nucleus, the strong and weak forces could just about be disregarded.

What the C-R theory says about gravitons:

The C-R theory predicts that gravitons cannot exist, for a variety of reasons. Most of the reasons involve probable conflicts with the Law of Conservation of Energy. The C-R theory predicts that, if gravitons exist, violations of the Law of Conservation of Energy will almost certainly occur. Please see Chapter 1, and our thought experiment file, point #1, for the best and most complete explanation of why we reject gravitons.

Briefly, a condensed version of our objections come from some thought experiments. For gravity to exist outside of a Black- Hole, there are only a few likely possibilities. Three of them involve the use of gravitons. One is that gravitons are immune to gravity. If the gravitons red-shifted before they exited from a Black-Hole, there should be no electromagnetic energy left when the escape velocity is equal to or greater than "c", the speed of light.

A second possibility is that gravitons travel faster than the speed of light. This would free the gravitons to escape easily even with the escape velocity equal to "c", the speed of light. For a sufficient density of mass to raise the escape velocity much higher than "c", there is the chance that gravitons could still be trapped inside the Black-Hole, and that the gravitational influence outside of the Black-Hole will decrease. The complication also arises: how could gravitons interact with ordinary matter if they traveled faster than the speed of light?

Another possible solution is that the gravitons use a method of tunnelling from the Black-Hole. The problem which exists here is that tunnelling is highly improbable to maintain 100% of the external gravitational field. Even if gravitons were permitted to tunnel from random distances inside the Schwarzschild radius [or if they tunnelled only from the exact center, at a singularity], the gravitons would have a random spread of energies. Some percentage of gravitons would not succeed in tunnelling. (It would seem unlikely that 5 times as many gravitons {500% of the full-gravity amount} would be banging their heads against the seemingly impenetrable Schwarzschild radius to exactly equalize the number emitted for a hypothetical 20% success rate. If the gravitational field falls short by any amount, conservation of energy would surely be violated.

The C-R theory has an easy-to-use, easy to account-for, alternative strategy.

The C-R theory says that gravitons do not exist. The force of gravity is entirely the result of the curvature of spacetime, and the effect of the time-inactivation releasing some of the real-time potential energy which matter possesses. Since this curvature is geometric in nature, and exists because of the mass, there is no need for any hypothetical gravitons to violate conservation of energy. The gravitational field outside the Black-Hole will remain at exactly the same strength as the pre-collapse gravitational field. Even with the matter-energy turned-off, de-activated, or sleeping soundly in the neutral zone, the property of matter to generate the curvature geometrically remains the same. By this method, conservation of energy is allowed to reign supreme.

After all, it would seem to be a shame to link many of the basic conclusions about the laws of physics solely upon conservation of energy, and then throw away those laws at every encounter with every Black-Hole. Of course, our conclusions will differ somewhat from other theories which demand some other laws to remain true (entropy, for example), and sacrifice conservation of energy.