Black Holes (C-R theory obeying type)

(Authors Note: Throughout this paper, we will use this double capitalized and hyphenated term for any Black-Hole which obeys the Reynard-Wasil (C-R) theory. The C-R theory predicts that ALL Black-Holes will obey our rules and assumptions. There are no proposed classes or exclusions to the Black-Holes which would not be able to be covered.)

(By the C-R theory, the only black holes than won't totally obey the C-R theory conditions are those hypothesized, theorized, or imagined by others. We will only mention black holes to ridicule, disprove, or refute their existence.)

Some C-R theory conditions imposed on all Black-Holes:

The C-R theory predicts that the gravitational field-strength outside of the newly-formed Black-Hole, measured immediately after the gravitational collapse must be totally unchanged from the gravitational-field strength of the same mass, before the collapse.

The C-R theory predicts that the mass inside a Black-Hole cannot collapse into a singularity. This is due to the nature of gravity, which we predict is an effect, not a force. The effect of gravity is literally caused by the squeezing of real-time activity from any mass.

Here is why a total collapse cannot occur: As any (time-active) mass proceeds into greater gravitational curvature, it becomes less time-active, and gains (by exchange) an equivalent amount of kinetic energy in the process. Once all of the potential energy of real time activity is de-activated, the "force" of gravity is gone. There is no longer any source of additional kinetic energy to be gained.

Before any further collapse of this collapsed shell of matter is possible, the matter inside this zone would need to collapse. Inside any C-R Black-Hole, there exists this a volume of space which is not critically curved, and which is still real-time active. For totally curved (de-activated) matter to proceed further inward, it must acquire energy. Since this matter has no practical source of available energy, any further inward collapse into a singularity is now impossible.

We call this totally curved, fully de-activated portion of the Black-Hole the Neutral-Zone. The Neutral Zone is defined as the entire volume of the Black-Hole where the escape velocity is greater than or equal to "c", the speed of light.

The mass which was trapped in the Neutral-Zone during the gravitational collapse forming the Black-Hole behaves as if it were time inactivated, essentially-neutral, in every possible interaction. This is why we chose to call this volume or region the Neutral Zone. It is located between the outside of the Black- Hole, and the inside Active Zone.

Since the matter nearer the center of the Black-Hole is left alone and unaffected by the collapse; this volume of space is still time active. This Active Zone must contain EXACTLY enough mass at a sufficient density to curve up spacetime at it's outer border. If there is too much mass, the neutral zone simply increases in size. If there isn't enough mass, then the Active Zone expands outward, and re-activates some of the mass of the Neutral Zone. Therefore, there must always be an exactly critical Active Zone at the center of any and every Black-Hole. The matter-energy in this volume of space remains real-time-active, and therefore more energetic. The active zone, for all intents and purposes behaves similarly to any portion of the universe located outside of the Black-Hole.

Ironically, the C-R theory predicts that the net curvature at the exact center of an Active Zone at the inner volume of any Black-Hole must always be ZERO. This is exactly the opposite of the predictions of any theory suggesting a singularity.

The C-R theory predicts that the Black-Hole will preferentially sort and swallow the massive particles composing the nucleus of atoms which encounter it. The total trade of all real-time active energy into gravitational potential energy, will effectively and temporarily de-activate positive charges like protons, and the neutral, equally massive neutrons. The Black-Hole will also encourage electrons to tunnel from any portion of an atom remaining time active. Since the electrons should each have more than 1800 times the kinetic energy to mass ratio as compared to the more massive hadrons (the proton and neutron), this will aid at least some of the electrons in their escape from the gravitational trap1.

The C-R theory predicts that any rotation of the mass inside the Black-Hole will have no net effect on the external gravitational field strength. To visualize why this may be so, let us imagine a grid of squares, drawn on the surface of a balloon. When the balloon was inflated, the slight geometric stretching would simulate the energy-path change by gravitational curvature at some spot in the universe. If we were to sharply press down on the surface of the balloon with a suitably dulled pencil to keep the balloon's surface from popping or bursting, we could simulate or imagine the distorted curvature near the outside of a Black- Hole. If we would steadily rotate the pencil, or even rotate the balloon, the curvature at our location would not continually change. Because of this very simple thought experiment, we point out that even if the mass inside the Black-Hole rotates, this rotation will not be effectively coupled through from the Black- Hole by the geometric curvature.

The C-R theory predicts that while the Black-Hole is active, that is, consuming (and concentrating) both matter and energy, it cannot obey the second law of thermodynamics. This is because the Black-Hole can only acquire energy at this time. Any energy seen as coming from the vicinity of the Black-Hole is there only because the Black-Hole is swallowing matter and energy, and the collisions of this combination release copious amounts of energy.

The mass-energy contents stored inside of the neutral-zone in the Black-Hole can only increase in quantity, and increase in the degree of organization2.

If the C-R theory is correct, the Second Law of Thermodynamics does not, and cannot ever apply to any Black-Hole . This prohibition is only in effect while the Black-Hole is active, or consuming energy. If the Black-Hole and it's contents ever become re-activated, the entire contents must again start to obey the second law of thermodynamics.