There are many sites online that explain how things work.
The site http://www.pctechguide.com/ is good on hardware
More specifically, the following pages have been copied
Scanners [01]
Digital Cameras [01]
Laser Printers [01]
The site howstuffworks gives good explanations with pictures
More specifically, the following pages have been copied from internet sites.
The web addresses are at the top of each page.
Whilst there is a lot of detail here and it is not for memorisation, the information gives good background reading to your textbook.
Serial Port
These pages describe the pin numbers and what they are used for. [01] [02] [03]
Parallel Port
These pages describe the pin numbers and what they are used for. [01] [02] [03] [04]
Null Printer Adapter
How to connect [01]
Modem
These pages include how it works and the Hayes code. [01] [02] [03] [04]
ISDN/Cable Modems
Brief description [01]
Analogue to Digital recording
This is a brief overview [01]
Computer mouse
How it works and connects to the computer [01] [02] [03]
Joystick
Analogue and digital [01]
Digital Clock
How to make one [01]
Dotmatrix printer
Very brief [01]
Gray Code
This is in reference to motors [01]
Car Computers
This is a detailed look at the sensors and computer systems in cars. [01] [02] [03] [04] [05]
Singing Fish
An application showing motors and electronics circuitry [01]