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Entrance Ramp
Most ladder maps have a ramp into your base. This is a nice small choke you get to protect. Make sure you protect it! An unprotected ramp can be an easy win for the opponent. The minimal thing you do is to build near it so you can monitor what comes in and out of your base.
It is extremely hard to attack a ramp that is protected. 3 zealots microed at a ramp can hold off 5, probably even more if microed extremely well. If you let those 5 zealots walk in, well you probably lost. Terran must absolutely protect the ramp, especially against protoss. It's usually a bad idea for terran to protect a ramp against another terran because marines have range.
Because terran needs to protect the entrance so badly, they have the easiest time doing so. 3 buildings will do the trick. 1 barrack + 2 supply depot or 2 barrack + 1 supply depot can block off a ramp pretty well. If you are lucky, you can get a base where you only need 1 barrack and one depot. There are most likely leaks in your defense where basic units may "squeeze" through. These are the new chokepoints. An scv can be used to stand in the way while a few marines fire from behind.
Zerg and protoss can't do much to block their front but can protect it much better than terran. 2 cannons or 2 sunkens and an overlord will hit incoming enemies even before they arrive at the ramp.
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As you can see from the pictures, it does not take a lot to protect your entrance. Notice the cannons and sunkens are not placed exactly next to each other. Protoss with web or splash damage will kill these structures easily. Keep them a little apart. However, make sure both can hit anything standing on the ramp or outside your base.
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