The Ica Region has a remarkable geography. It is the only region of the southern coast formed by plains also called coast plains since the Andean Cordillera is erected inside. Some geological folds have determined the formation of lands moving forward the sea which form the Paracas Peninsula while some isolated formations located at the southern part have determined the Marcona complex, a place where the biggest deposits of Iron in the Pacific coast have been formed. Ica's configuration is due to the geomorphologig of its two big and unique fluvial watersheds: the Pasco watershed and Ica watershed. Also, it has an incomplete and continuous current inadequately called Rio Grande because its short waters do not even reach the sea; its waters are mainly used for agriculture in Panpa, Nazacaand Ingenio , its final watershed is dry since sand and dried lands absorb its short resources. There are extensive desert in Ica like the Lancha Pampas before Pozo Santo and Villacuri Pampas which are extremely hot areas. Strong and persistent winds called "Paracas" are present and originate large clouds of sand.
HISTORY
Ica has a rich history. The first settlers are from 10,000 years ago,which the Wari,Nazca,Ica and Paracas cultures developed, the latter being the most important.
The Paracas Culturedeveloped from the seventh through the second century BC. It is distinguished by its matchless textile skills, Trephinations, and the art of mumminying their dead.
The Nazca culture, on the contrary, well-known for its artistic pottery, in which colorful designs and representations excel over the form, the same as their famous lines and figures that have undergone implausible interpretations. This culture expanded from the second century BC through the seventh century AD. They have left us their wonderful aqueducts that made good use of underground water, of rivers and rain, showing a great knowledge of hydraulic engineering.
In the fifteenth century, during the Inca empire Pachacutic incorporated the territories of Ica, Nazca and the Chincha valley.
Years later, in 1563, with the arrival of the spanish, Jerónimo Luis de Cabrera founded the Villa de Valverde del Valle de Ica. Since then, the area became an important vineyard and cotton center.
During the independence war, General Jose de san Martin landed in Paracas and fixed his headquarters in Pisco, to start the fight for the independence of Peru.
PISCO
the most important port in Ica and a litoral province. The most important attractions are Paracas Bay and the Paracas museum. Pisco was home of an ancient pre-hispanic culture,Paracas, who are known for their exquisite textiles.
NAZCA
Known for the Nazca lines, which are geoglyphs and geometric line clearings in the Peruvian desert, in the district of Nazca. The Nazca lines are attributed to theIca Nazca Culture , which existed there between 200 BCE and 600 CE. The area of the Nazca lines is called the Pampa Colorada (red plain). From the air, the Nazca Lines show humans, animals, plants, lines and geometric shapes.
