| Year |
Letter |
Hagen-
buchner
#
|
Comment |
| c1285 |
ARI |
|
Adad-nirari defeats
Shattuara and requires tribute. A relatively early date is based
on (1) the number of Adad-nirari eponyms referring to victory in
Hanigalbat; (2) the number of late Adad-nirari eponyms
("late" meaning that Shalmaneser 1 persons are
present) |
| 1275 |
|
|
Battle of Qadesh
with Mitanni as kuirwana ally of Hatti in year 5 Ramesses 2 versus
Muwatallish. By interpolation, Wasashatta is king Mitanni at this
battle. |
| 1270 |
|
|
Accession of
Urhe-teshub. Urhe-teshub rules 7 years (Apology of Hattusilis) in
the middle of the period of R2 year 5 (Qadesh) and R2 year 21
(Hattusilis 3 Treaty). There are events filling both times; Rowton
split the leftover periods 4-5; 5-4 is used here to allow a very
brief Urhe-teshub-Shalmaneser overlap. |
| 1270 |
ARI |
|
Adad-nirari defeats
Wasashatta, memorialized in undated royal inscription (no reason
not to date this about the time of the accession of Urhe-teshub,
both possibly a year earlier), but could be a little earlier in
late Muwatallish. |
| 1270 |
KUB
23:102 |
192 |
Letter from king
Hatti to king Assyria, mentioning latter's victory over
Wasa-[shatta], king of the Hurri, rebuffing king of Assyria's
request for brothership. Usually attributed as Urhe-teshub or
Hattusilis 3 to Adad-nirari 1. In the available time-frame,
Urhe-teshub seems the most likely, with Muwatallish (but not
Hattusilis 3) possible. |
| 1263 |
|
|
Accession of
Shalmaneser 1 (1263-1234) |
| 1263 |
|
|
Letter from
Urhe-teshub to Shalmaneser, returned by Tukulti-ninurta to
Tudhaliya many years later according to KUB
26:70. This is usually
presumed to be a letter from Urhe-teshub in exile to Shalmaneser,
but since the overlaps here are close anyway, there seems to be
little reason not to take a late reading of Urhe-teshub and permit
a very slight overlap with Shalmaneser. This (together with a view
on Tudhaliya adopted below) shrinks the reign of Hattusilis
somewhat from usual systems, but there do not seem to be any
internal obstacles to this. |
| 1262 |
|
|
Accession of
Hattusilis 3 (here 1262-1243). |
| 1260 |
|
|
Treaty between
Kadashman-turgu and Hattusilis 3, involving marriage of a Hittite
princess to Kadashman-turgu, but no delivery of a Babylonian
princess. |
| 1259 |
|
|
Treaty between
Hattusilis 3 and Ramesses 2 in R2 year 21 |
| 1258 |
|
|
Accession of
Kadashman-enlil 2; death of Kadashman-turgu. A period of strained
relations between Hatti and Babylonia. |
| 1252 |
|
|
Rebellion of
Shattuara in Hanigalbat, completely suppressed by Shalmaneser in
1252. Administrative documents referring to supplies to
refugees in Hanigalbat cities and a royal inscription a couple of
years later. (This could be about 8 years earlier if there
was a late Adad-nirari rebellion, but this placing seems more
likely.) |
|
1252
|
IBoT
1:34
|
|
King of Hanigalbat
is holed up in Šinamu, mentions king Ehli-Šarruma of Isuwa and
Halpa-ziti of Aleppo. This Ehli-sarruma is distinguished here from
the homonym prince of Hatti in the time of Tudhaliya (although
they are sometimes identified) following comments of Ian Mladyov. |
| 1251 |
KBo
1:10 |
204 |
Letter from
Hattusilis 3 to Kadashman-enlil 2, mentioning that he had grown up
from childhood accession and referring to prior treaty between
Hattusilis 3 and Kadashman-turgu |
| 1247
|
KBo
28:59
|
196 |
Letter from
Shalmaneser 1 (eponym Adad-Šamši - year 1247) to unnamed Hittite
king (presumably Hattusilis 3). Little other information. Address
lines are preserved but do not include names. |
| 1242 |
|
|
Accession of Tudhaliya in year 38
Ramesses 2. This is the highest possible date, owing to year 36/37
stela marking marriage in which Hattusilis is mentioned. In
the same year is probably the treaty with Kurunta (attended by
Benteshina, king of Amurru, and his son, Shaushgamuwa, as
brother-in-law) and the marriage of Shaushgamuwa to a Hittite
princess. There doesn't seem to be any reason why these are not
all more or less synchronous. |
| 1242 |
KUB
23:99 |
AfO 12:B |
Fragmentary draft letter from Tudhaliya
to Shalmaneser (strangely spelled), seemingly at the accession of
Tudhaliya, perhaps complaining about lack of accession
presents. |
|
1241 spring
|
|
|
Death of Benteshina
and accession of Shaushgamuwa in Amurru, with anti-Assyria
treaty. |
|
1241 fall
|
RS
34:165
|
|
Battle of Nihrija. Letter from [Šulmanu]-SAG
king Assyria to king Ugarit ([a]-na LUGAL KUR u?-[ga-ri-it])
referring to
defeat of Tudhaliya king Hatti at Nihrija. This letter mentions
contemporary hostile and peaceful letters - compare KBo
18:24. Ammistaru is here held to be
K Ugarit at this time and for some considerable time afterwards
(to pursue Grande Dame affair with Shaushgamuwa) |
| 1241 fall |
KBo
4:14 |
|
Letter of Tudhaliya
referring to defeat at Nihrija. Mentions Hešmi-sarruma, Assur,
Karduniash, Alatarma |
| 1241 fall |
KBo
18:24 |
H,188; |
Letter of unnamed
Hittite king (here Tudhaliya) to Shalmaneser,
mentioning Milid. See Heinhold-Kramer 1988. This letter also
mentions coexisting hostile and peaceful letters - compare RS
34:165, KUB
23:88 |
| 1242 fall |
KUB
23:88 |
AfO 12:C |
Letter fragment from unnamed Hittite
king (here Tudhaliya) to Shalmaneser (name heavily restored),
perhaps referring to coexisting peaceful and hostile letters -
compare RS
34:165, KBo
18:24 |
| 1240 |
|
189 |
In a later letter KBo
18:25, Tukulti-ninurta 1's
father, Shalmaneser, is mentioned as having given cities to the king Carchemish,
presumably as part of peace treaty following the RS34.165 war.
This peace process is associated here with an MMA letter in eponym
Assur-da'issunu (here 1241) mentioning the visit of a Ini-teshub
(here although not proveable the king of Carchemish) to Assur. |
| 1239c |
KBo
1:14 |
195;
Beckman
24B
|
Letter to king
Assyria, mentioning treatment of messengers under Urhi-teshub and
requesting that K Assyria deal with men of Turira. Usually
attributed as Hattusilis 3 to Adad-nirari 1. Recently (Giorgieri,
Or 2000, referring to article in press), attributed
as Tudhaliya 4 to Shalmaneser 1 - (followed here) |
| 1233 |
KUB
23:92+103 |
191 |
3 draft letters on
same tablet(s): one to Babu-aha-iddina, who is named in
significant Assur archive. Two to new king
(presumably Tukulti-ninurta 1). The letters indicate that there
was a period of peace prior to the accession of TN1. One letter discusses the right of Great
Kings to write one another for help and notes that his father did
not write TN1's father asking for help.
This has been usually construed more broadly as statement that they did
not write each other at all, which would seem to be contradicted
at a minimum by well-dated Shalmaneser letter KBo
28:59. |
| 1232 |
|
|
Campaign of
Tukulti-ninurta against Qutu, Shubaru, Paphu |
| 1230c |
KBo
18:25 |
189 |
Unnamed Hittite king
(Tudhaliya 4) to Tukulti-ninurta 1, mentioning that Assyrian
king's father [Shalmaneser] had given cities to king Carchemish,
presumably as part of peace treaty c1249, following RS34.165 war. |
| 1230c |
KUB
3:74 |
190;
AfO 12:A
|
Letter from Tudhaliya
(named) to Tukulti-ninurta (named). Other than salutation, little
information. |
|
KUB 23:101 |
203 |
|
| 1230c |
KUB
23:109 |
193;
AfO 12,D
|
Fragment to
Tukulti-ninurta from unnamed Hittite king (here Tudhaliya 4) with
no information |
| 1230c |
KUB
26:70 |
194;
AfO 12, E
|
Fragment
acknowledging that Tukulti-ninurta had returned letter which
Urhe-teshub had written to his father (Shalmaneser 1). The
Urhe-teshub letter is usually ascribed to period of exile while
Hattusilis 3 was king. |
| 1230 |
KUB 3:73 |
202 |
Letter of unnamed king (generally Tukulti-ninurta
1) to unnamed Hittite king (generally Tudhaliya), protesting
good will and contrasting peace in his reign with warfare in time
of his predecessors [Arik-d]en-ili, [Adad-nirari and Shalman]eser,
interpretation heavily restored. |
| 1215 |
|
|
Conquest of Babylon
by Tukulti-ninurta. Dur-Katlimmu correspondence indicates
friendly relations and trade with Carchemish. Tagi-sarruma
mentioned (also in Ugarit file). Amurru-ashared is also mentioned
- a highly unusual name, also in KUB
23:92+103 |
| 1214 |
|
|
Death of Ramesses 2.
Accession of Merneptah. |
| 1211 |
KBo
28:61-62 |
198-199 |
Letter from unnamed
K Assyria in eponym Ili-ipadda (almost certainly Tukulti-ninurta 1) to Hittite king
(Suppiluliuma 2 or perhaps Tudhaliya) discussing affair of Šagarakti-šuriaš.
It may be possible to update eponym Ili-ipadda by a decade. |
| 1210 |
|
|
Diplomats from Hatti
and Sidon are provisioned at Tell Chuera (near Harbe). |
| 1194 |
|
|
Ili-ipadda is
sukallu in Tell Sabi Abyad near the source of the Balikh (very
near probable site of Nihrija). |