EARTHQUAKES RESISTANT STRUCTURES & MORE !

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Nature of
Quakes

Occurrence
& Predictions

Tectonics &
Monitoring

Damage &
Precautions

Historical

Analysis

Design

Tall &
High Rise

Special
Structures

>Specific
Problems

Structural
Crashworthiness

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SPECIFIC  PROBLEMS

The overall or combined stiffness of the structure as a whole does have a role to play in the interaction with the soil. Disintegration of the structure does have a lot to do with the sequential breakup of the elements which are least desired to fail.

Transfer or redistribution of additional load during partial failure is something which seems to normally always cause a quick and disastrous total collapse.

Restriction on the discontinuing of columns on beams below is a measure in this direction. The beam gets additional unexpected load, fails, and then it just brings everything onto itself.

Similar is the case when complicated plan arrangements of floor slabs are not properly detailed in conjunction with the beam reinforcement.

Liquid retaining structures may have to account for unexpected accumulation of debris and silt. The density of the retained liquid can change drastically and incompressible type behavior of liquids can cause much yielding in structural elements.

Basements or any other 'changing' feature or partial feature like retaining walls and non-occupational use of lower stories should receive the due attention.

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