EARTHQUAKES RESISTANT STRUCTURES & MORE !

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ANALYSIS

The trick to proper analysis of a structure is definitely the use of proper techniques and good modeling of the real structure and support conditions. Interactive role of all elements should be considered, along with effects of soil which may be in retained form, in floors or overlying certain portions of the structure/foundation.

In this the arrangements occurring during construction are important.

We tend to forget the lapses that occur during removal of temporary supports and formwork a little earlier than when the desired strength of concrete is achieved.

Changes that take place with passage of time are also important.

The arrangements occurring during over loading are something which are not to be ignored - as we use plastic design techniques to take advantage of knowledge of nature of construction materials and desiring to be realistic and economical.

In this understanding the holistic arrangement of the structure is important and sometimes the simplified line models can be catastrophic.

The study of soil-structure interaction is something which is invariably not done for buildings which house majority of people and thus leading to a high probability of disaster in the event of a major earthquake.

If this is not enough, we never have time to understand the effect of secondary stresses and their catastrophic locations related to the structural arrangement as the structure shakes down.

One of the most famous lapses is the soft story effect. In this inaccurate assessment of loading as well as the stress distribution occurs.

We normally easily ignore the effects of secondary construction in structures like partitions etc. Some of those innocuous stitching of members in the roof and floors can be really sad.