TERMS

Society of Automotive Engineers

A machine designed to test the extremepressure

properties of a lubricant under a

combined rolling and sliding action. The

revolving members are two bearing cups which

rotate at different speeds.

System for classifying crankcase, transmission,

and differential lubricants, according to their

viscosities, established by the Society of

Automotive Engineers. SAE numbers are used

in connection with recommendations for

crankcase oils to meet various design, service

and temperature requirements affecting

viscosity only; they do not denote quality.

A color standard for petroleum products. The

procedure for determining Saybolt color and

description of the Saybolt chronometer are

given in ASTM method D 156.

The time, in seconds, for 60 ml of fluid to flow

through a capillary tube in a Saybolt Furol

viscometer at specified temperatures between

70°F and 210°F. This method is appropriate

for high-viscosity oils such as transmission,

gear and heavy fuel oils. ASTM Method D 88

describes the equipment and procedure.

The time, in seconds, for 60 ml of fluid to flow

through a capillary tube in a Saybolt Universal

viscometer at a given temperature, as described

in ASTM Method D 88.

A sulfur, chlorine and lead component extreme

pressure additive package, once commonly

used for automotive type gear lubricants. It has

been largely replaced by sulfur/phosphorous

materials.

A test to determine the tendency of oil to

separate from a lubricating grease under

conditions prescribed in ASTM Method D 1742.

A general term denoting the salt of a fatty acid.

The ordinary soaps are those of sodium and

potassium. The soaps of lithium, calcium,

sodium and aluminum are the principal

thickeners used in grease making.

The ratio of the weight (in air) of a given volume

of material to the weight (in air) of an equal

volume of water at a stated temperature.

A fluid, such as diethyl ether, which has a wide

flammability range and is used to start diesel

engines at extremely low temperatures.

The Society of Tribologists and Lubrication

Engineers

Defined in ASTM Method D 874 as the ash

which remains after a sample of new additivecontaining

lubricating oil has been burned, and

the residue subsequently heated with sulfuric

acid until constant weight is achieved.

A product formed from mineral oil combined with

sulfur or certain sulfur compounds. It has far

greater film strength and load-carrying ability than

straight mineral oil and is used as cutting oil.

Saybolt Universal Seconds. A measure of

lubricating oil viscosity used in the oil industry.

A situation when a mixture of two or more

separate additive materials results in a total

effect than is greater than the total sum of their

individual effects.

Oils produced by synthesis rather than by

extraction or refinement.