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TERMS REL RELATING TING TO THE PETROLEUM INDUSTRY A B C D E F G H I j k L M N O P D DAP Detroit Advisory Panel Degree Day A unit of temperature. Experience has shown that, for buildings requiring an inside temperature of approximately 70°F, the amount of fuel or heat used per day is proportional to the number of degrees the average outside temperature falls below 65°F. The degree-day is based upon this principle. The number of degree-day (65°F base) for a given period is the difference between 65°F and the United States Weather Bureau daily mean temperature, when the latter is less than 65°F, multiplied by the number of days. Degree Engler A measure of viscosity. The ration of the time of flow of 200 ml of the liquid tested, through the viscometer devised by Engler, to the time required for the flow of the same volume of water gives the number of degrees Engler. Density The mass of a unit of volume of a substance. DEO Diesel Engine Oil Detergent Oil A lubricating oil possessing special sludgedispersing properties usually conferred on the oil by the incorporation of special additives. Detergent oils hold sludge particles in suspension and thus promote cleanliness especially in internal-combustion engines. Dielectric Strength A measure of the insulating properties of electrical insulating oils for use in cables, transformers, circuit breakers and similar apparatus (ASTM Method D 877). Diesel Index An expression for the ignitability of a fuel relative to its aniline point: Diesel index = aniline pint (°F) X API gravity 100 Diester Oil A synthetic lubricating fluid made from esters; also called ester oil. DIN Deutsche Industrie Norm Dispersant A dispersing agent, which holds a very finely divided substance in a dispersed state in the carrier fluid. Distillate Wide range of products produced by distillation. DKA Deutscher Koordinierungsausschuss Dropping Point In general, the dropping point is the temperature at which the grease passes from a semisolid to a liquid state. This change in state is typical of greases containing conventional soap thickeners. Greases containing thickeners other than conventional soaps may, without change in state, separate oil. Dry-film Lubricant Solid material left between two moving surfaces to prevent metal-to-metal contact, thus reducing friction and wear. Such materials are especially useful in the region of boundary lubrication, and for lubrication under special conditions of extremely high or low temperature where usual lubricants are inadequate. They may be applied in the form of a paste or solid stick, or by spraying, dipping or brushing in an air-drying carrier which evaporates leaving a dry film. Some examples are graphite, molybdenum disulfide, boron nitride and certain plastics such as tetrafluorethylene resins. Dual-fuel Engine A diesel engine which may be operated as an oil diesel, a gas diesel, or a combination of both, as it is equipped with controls or parts to permit operating as one or the other.
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