Symbolic Logic I

Philosophy 230

California State University, Northridge

Spring 2004

 

 

Solutions to Selected Exercises

    Chapter 1, Sections 1 through 3  [HTML]

    Chapter 2, Sections 1 through 5  [PDF]

    Chapter 3, Section 2  [PDF]

    Chapter 3, Section 3  [PDF]

    Chapter 3, Section 4  [PDF]

    Chapter 3, Section 5  [PDF]

    Chapter 3, Section 6  [PDF]

    Chapter 3, Section 8  [PDF]

    Chapter 4, Section 2  [PDF]

    Chapter 4, Section 3  [PDF]

    Chapter 4, Section 4  [PDF]

    Chapter 4, Section 5  [PDF]

    Chapter 4, Section 6  [PDF]

    Chapter 5, Sections 5-6  [PDF]

    Chapter 7, Sections 2-3  [PDF]

   

    Click here for the authors’ own solutions manual

 

Instructor:                     Tim Black

Class meets:                  Mondays, Wednesdays, and Fridays (in JR 204)

Office hours:                 Mondays, Wednesdays, and Fridays; 12 noon – 1:00 p.m.

Wednesdays; 5:00 p.m. – 7:00 p.m.

Other hours by appointment

Office:                          ST 534

Office phone:                818.677.7205

Instructor’s email:          [email protected]

 

I invite you to visit me during my office hours and to talk with me via telephone and e-mail. I always welcome your comments and questions, and I am exceptionally happy to talk with you about the course material or about other philosophical or administrative matters.

 

Department office:        ST 522

Department phone:        818.677.2757

 

Aims of the Course:  This course is designed to be an intermediate-level introduction to deductive logic.  The course is divided into four sections.  The first two sections deal with statement logic (SL).  In the first section of the course, we will become familiar with the language of SL, developing along the way methods we can use in testing for certain semantic properties of individual statements and for certain semantic relationships between statements.  In the second section of the course, we’ll develop strategies for constructing proofs in SL.  The next two sections of the course deal with predicate logic (L).  Here again, we’ll first become familiar with the language of L, developing along the way methods we can use in determining whether L statements have certain semantic properties and whether some L statements are in various ways semantically related to others.  In the fourth and final section of the course, we’ll develop strategies for constructing proofs in L.

 

Required Text:  Bessie, Joseph and Stuart Glennan, eds. Elements of Deductive Inference: An Introduction to Symbolic Logic (Belmont, CA: Wadsworth, 2000).

 

Attendance and Homework:  Since you are responsible for any and all material presented in class, regular attendance is essential to doing well in this course.  Furthermore, logic is akin to mathematics, for example, in the following respect: becoming proficient in logic requires the development of a certain set of skills.  And you can’t develop those skills without practice.  This means, among other things, that you should diligently work on logic both in class and outside of class.  Both class attendance and completing the homework assignments are therefore essential to doing well in this course.

 

Students with Disabilities: If you have a disability, please identify yourself to me and to the University so that we can reasonably accommodate your learning and the preparation and evaluation of the work that you must do for this course.  Please contact the Center on Disabilities, Student Services Building, Room 110, 818.677.2684 (Fax: 818.677.4932; E-mail: [email protected])  For more information, visit the COD’s website at the following address: http://www.csun.edu/cod.

 

Evaluation:  Your final grade in the course will be based on the following:

 

Exam 1

March 8

20%

Exam 2

March 29

21%

Exam 3

April 30

22%

Exam 4

May 21

25%

Other

8 quizzes

12%

 

Grades: I will use the plus/minus grading system.  Letter grades are assigned according to the following system:

 

100-92% = A

86-83% = B

76-73% = C

66-63% = D

 91-90% = A-

82-80% = B-

72-70% = C-

62-60% = D-

 89-87% = B+

79-77% = C+

69-67% = D+

59-0% = F

 

If your final grade falls just short of some higher grade, I will consider the quality of your participation as grounds for improving your final grade.  I strongly encourage your participation, which can come in class, during office hours, by phone, or by e-mail.

 

Cheating and Plagiarism:  I consider academic dishonesty a very serious issue. If you are unclear about what constitutes academic dishonesty or about the possible repercussions of and penalties for acts of academic dishonesty, please consult the California State University, Northridge Student Conduct Code.  You’ll find links to the Code and other helpful resources at the following address: http://www.csun.edu/~studaff/student_conduct.html.

 

Exams: The exams will be designed, of course, to determine whether you understand the material covered in class and in the homework assignments.  There will be four exams, one after each of the four main sections of the course.  You may take a make-up exam only if either (a) you have received, prior to the scheduled date of the exam, my permission to do so, or (b) you miss the exam due to a documented medical or family emergency.

 

Quizzes: Nine quizzes will be administered over the course of the semester.  Your scores on eight of those nine quizzes will count toward your final grade for the course.  This means that you may with impunity opt out of taking one – but no more than one – of the quizzes.  (Choose wisely!)  The quizzes will cover recent material, and will feature problems similar to those in recent homework assignments.  No make-up quizzes will be administered.

 

 

                                                                  Schedule

Topic

Date

Readings

Homework

Course Introduction

February 2

 

 

Introduction to Logic

February 4

Logic and Argument

Elements of Deductive Inference (EoDI)

§1.1, pages 1-12

Exercises for §1.1 (pp. 8-12), all

February 6

Deduction and Induction, and Statements

EoDI §§1.2-1.3, pp. 12-24

Exercises for §1.2 (pp.18-19), all Exercises for §1.3 (pp. 22-23), all   

     problems in Part I

 

The Language of Statement Logic

February 9

Simple and Compound Statements

EoDI §§2.1-2.2, pp. 28-35

Exercises for §2.1 (pp. 30-31), all

Exercises for §2.2 (pp. 34-35), all

February 11

Homework Review; Quiz 1

February 13

Symbolizing Statements

EoDI §2.3, pp. 36-53

Exercises for §2.3 (pp. 52-53), all

February 16

More Symbolizing

EoDI §§2.4-2.5, pp. 53-70

Exercises for §2.4 (pp. 63-65), all

Exercises for §2.5 (pp. 69-70), all

     problems in Parts I and II

February 18

Truth Tables

EoDI §§3.1-3.2, pp. 71-86

Exercises for §3.2 (p. 86), all problems 

     in Part I

February 20

Homework Review; Quiz 2

February 23

Formalized Semantics for SL

EoDI §3.3, pp. 86-92

Exercises for §3.3 (p. 92), all

February 25

Validity and Tautologousness

EoDI §3.4, pp. 92-101

Exercises for §3.4 (pp. 98-101), all

     problems in Parts I, II and III

February 27

Further Semantic Properties and Relationships, and Consistency

EoDI §§3.5-3.6, pp. 102-113

Exercises for §3.5 (p. 108), all problems

     in Parts I and II

Exercises for §3.6 (p. 112), all problems

     in Part I

March 1

Homework Review; Quiz 3

March 3

Brief Truth Tables

EoDI §3.8, pp. 115-124

Exercises for §3.8 (pp. 123-124), all

     problems in Parts I and II

 

March 5

Homework Review, and Review for Exam 1

 

March 8

Exam 1

Proofs in Statement Logic

March 10

Whole-Line Inference Rules for DSL

EoDI §§4.1-4.2, pp. 155-166

Exercises for §4.2 (pp. 165-166), all

March 12

Replacement Rules for DSL

EoDI §4.3, pp. 166-172

Exercises for §4.3 (pp. 170-172), all

March 15

Homework Review; Quiz 4

March 17

Conditional Proof and Reductio ad Absurdum

EoDI §§4.4-4.5, pp. 173-186

Exercises for §4.4 (pp. 183-184), all

Exercises for §4.5 (p. 186), all

March 19

§§4.4-4.5 continued

 

March 22

Proving Tautologousness and Other Semantic Properties

EoDI §4.6, pp. 186-189

Exercises for §4.6 (p. 188), all problems

     in Part I

March 24

Homework Review; Quiz 5

 

March 26

Review for Exam 2

 

March 29

Exam 2

 

March 31

Holiday, Caesar Chavez Day

 

April 2

Review of Exam 2, and Introduction to the Last Half of the Course

 

April 5

Holiday, Spring Recess

April 7

April 9

The Language of Predicate Logic

April 12

Introduction to Predicate Logic

EoDI §§5.1-5.2, pp. 200-207

 

April 14

Syntax for L

EoDI §5.3, pp. 207-216

 

 

Exercises for §5.3 (pp. 215-216), all

April 16

Interpretations, and Truth under an Interpretation

EoDI §§5.4-5.5, pp. 216-239

Exercises for §5.4 (pp. 226-227), all Exercises for §5.5 (pp. 236-239), all

April 19

Homework Review; Quiz 6

April 21

Symbolization: Part I

EoDI §5.6, pp. 239-253

Exercises for §5.6 (pp. 250-253), all

     problems in Parts A, B and C

April 23

Symbolization: Part II

EoDI §5.7, pp. 253-259

Exercises for §5.7 (pp. 256-259), all

April 26

Homework Review; Quiz 7

 

April 28

Homework Review, and Review for Exam 3

 

April 30

Exam 3

Proofs in Predicate Logic

May 3

The Rules UI, EG, and Q

EoDI §§7.1-7.2, pp. 304-310

Exercises for §7.2 (pp. 309-310), all

May 5

§7.2 continued

 

May 7

Homework Review; Quiz 8

May 10

The Rules UG, R, PA-EI, and EI

EoDI §7.3, pp. 310-323

Exercises for §7.3 (pp. 321-322), all

     problems in Parts I and II

May 12

§7.3 continued

 

May 14

§7.3 continued

 

May 17

Homework Review; Quiz 8

 

May 19

Review for Exam 4

 

May 21

Exam 4

 

Note: Everything in this syllabus, including the reading assignments and the homework assignments, is subject to revision.  I will announce any and all revisions in class and, in general, do my best to make sure that everyone knows about revisions.  If you miss class, you must nevertheless submit assignments according to any revisions that I make to the Schedule.  You should either make sure that you don’t miss class or find a sure way of becoming aware of any revisions that I make to the Schedule or to the syllabus.

Tim’s Philosophy Page  ·  Tim Black’s Homepage

 

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