KERANA MU 
MALAYSIA
.
THE WORLD HAILS TAMIL
TRADE AND COMMERCE
BY
MU.THIRUVENGADAM
..
index
.
PREFACE AND MESSAGES
MU.THIRUVENGADAM
DATUK S.SUBRAMANIAM
FUKAO JUNICHI M.I.A.M.A.
..
LANGUAGE
most highly cultivated
high degree of culture
tamil alone stands apart
unbroken literary traditions
most primitive language
telgraphic transmission
oldest language
LITERATURE
tolkappiyam
nedunalvaadail
melodious language
exception of tamil
RELIGION
most elaborate
philosophical literature
reacted on Aryan thought.
TRADE
tamil trade
PEOPLE
most intellectual people
cradle of human race
most important
original inhabitants
neolithic culture.
ARCHITECTURE
tamil architecture
CULTURE
tamil culture
CLASSICAL LANGUAGE
STATUS OF TAMILGeorge L. Hart
fi
.
WEBMASTER
MU.THIRUVENGADAM
can be contacted
through e-mail
    [email protected] 
.
.

 
 

 

LONG HISTORY OF ACHIEVEMENT
The Tamils have a long history of achievement; sea travel, city ife and commerce seem to have developed early. Tamil trade with Greeks and Romans is verified by literary, linguistic and archaelogical evidence.
MIL TON B. SINGER.
HIGH DEGREE OF MATERIAL CIVILISATION
Tamils states of the far South became wealthy and prosper us in virtue of their valuable foreign trade, and attained a high de ice of material civilisation at an early period.
VINCENT SMITH
EXTENSIVE COMMERCIAL RELATIONS
when the Aryans passed the Afghan passes, India was inhabited by a dark short statured, but civilised race called the D?avidians. These Dravidians had intensive commercial relations with Babylon, Phoenicia, and the countries beyond the Arabian sea.
MP. LOHANA.
GREEK, ARAB TRADE WITH TAMILAKAM
The names of the last two subject Kapim and Tukim as found in Hebrew Bible are the same as those still used in Tamil, i.e. Kavi and Tokai. Subsequently the Arabs, and Greeks appear to have keep up the trade with Tamilakam. The Greek names for rice (Oryza) Gin ger (zingiber) and Chinnamon (Karpion) are almost identical with their Tainil names arrisis, inchiver, merchants conveyed these ar tides and other names to Europe from Tamil Land.
V. KANAGASABAI
TAMIL COMMERCE
There is an interesting Tamil inscription of 1088 A.D. which ~ers to a Corporafion of the Fifleen Hundred. This was appar ntly a union oftraders who were described in it as brave men, born ) wander over many countries ever since the beginning of the Krita ge, penetrating the regions of the six continents by land and water ,utes, and dealing in various articles such as horses, elephants, pre bus stones, perfumes, and drugs, either wholesale or in retail.
JAWAHARLAL NEHRU
DIRECT EVIDENCE OF ANCIENT TRADE 
Direct evidence of ancient commercial relation between India nd the West has recently been found in heiroglyphic texts of sev nteentli century For the word Kapi-apc-which occurs in Kings 22 in the form of QOF (Greek) is found in these Egyptian texts in le form ofKapu.
WEBER.
PRE ARYAN TRADE
At the time of the Ophir voyage, when Solomon sent ships to India for ivory, apes and peacodks, there were as yet no Aryans in southern India, for the name of apes, in Hebrew, QOF and in sknt,~kapi cannot be an Aryan word. It first comes to hand in the latest book of the Rig Veda but also appears in the form of QOF as early as the IV Dynasty in Egypt and the name for peacocks, "tuki" has been borrowed from the Malabar togai.
HISTORIANS HISTORY OF THE WORLD
SEA TRADERS OF THE INDIAN OCEAN
About the year 680 B.C. the sea traders of the Indian Ocean founded around the present Gulf ofKaro-tohu a colony which they called Langa-ga or Langa-ya.
PROF~JEIR'ANDE LA COUPERIC
Hosted by www.Geocities.ws

1