| INTRODUCTION |  |
| MERCURY | |
| VENUS | |
| EARTH | |
| MARS | |
| JUPITER | |
| SATURN | |
| URANUS | |
| NEPTUNE | |
| PLUTO | |
| SUN |
| MARS | |
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Name:Mars, Ares, Red planet Position:Fourth Diameter:6794 KM Mass:6.4219*1023 KG Temp. range:( -133 oC -> 27 oC ) No. of moons: TWO Distance from sun: 22.794*107 KM Distance from earth: 8.014*107 KM Time to rotate on axis: 23 hrs. Time to orbit the sun:1y. 10 mon. 27 days 12 hrs. Comments: Mars is the planet that resembles Earth the most |
The red planet is the seventh largest planet in the solar system. Its day is almost the same length as Earth. Moreover, it tilts on its axis which results in seasons. Mars has been known since prehistoric time. Although Mars is nearly half size of Earth, its surface area is about the same as land surface of Earth.(Mariner 4) was the first spacecraft to visit Mars in 1965. The first successful landing was for (Mars 2).
A large and weak unglobal magnetic fields exist in various regions on Mars.
Mars atmosphere is thin and composed of 95.3% carbondioxide, 2.7% nitrogen, 1.6% argon, 0.15% oxygen and 0.03% water. However, the crust gets smaller in thickness from southern to northern hemisphere. It is not the same thickness all over the planet. The mantle is molten rock and the core is dense about 1700 km in radius. The core is made of iron and iron sulphide.
A very small pressure on Mars surface takes place which is about 7 millibars, thats less than 1% of Earths atmosphere. Moreover, the average temperature on Mars is -55 C. The high speed 161 km/h winds results in raging dust storms.
Permanent ice caps occur at both poles composed of solid Carbondioxide. Erosion took place on Mars in the past. This gave evidence of some sort of fluid on the surface possibly water. Mars Global Surveyor gave those evidences.
PHOBOSNames: Phobos
Diameter: 22.2 KM
Mass: 1.08*1016
Orbit: 9378 KM from MarsThe first satellite for Mars. It was discovered by Hall in 12 August 1877, then photographed by Mariner9 in 1971. It is so close to the surface that it cannot be seen above the horizon from all points on the surface of Mars.
DEIMOSNames: Deimos
Diameter: 12.6 KM
Mass: 1.8*1015
Orbit: 23459 KM from MarsDeimos, the smallest known moon in the solar system, was discovered two days earlier before Phobos on 10 August 1877 by Hall. Viking1 photographed it in 1977.
Deimos and Phobos are composed of carbon-rich rock like C-type asteriods and ice. Both are heavily cratered. Phobos and Deimos are widely believed to be captured asteriods.
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