JUPITER

INTRODUCTION Jupiter
MERCURY
VENUS
EARTH
MARS
JUPITER
SATURN
URANUS
NEPTUNE
PLUTO
SUN

    JUPITER
Name:Jupiter, Zeus
Position:Fifth
Diameter:1442984 KM
Mass:1.92*1027 KG
Temp. range:
No. of moons: SIXTEEN
Distance from sun: 77.833*107 KM
Distance from earth: 62.873*107 KM
Time to rotate on axis: 10 hrs.
Time to orbit the sun: 12 yrs. 1 mon. 25 days
Comments: largest planet in the solar system

    Jupiter, the largest planet in terms of size and mass, has the shortest day among other planets in the solar system. It was first visited by Pioneer 10 in 1973. Later, Pioneer 11, Voyager 1, Voyager 2 & Ulysses followed it. It has been known since prehistoric times.

    The fast revolution of Jupiter on its axis results into a huge magnetic field as well as its short day. The magnetic field is even stronger than Earth's and extending more than 650 million km in space.

    Jupiter is a gaseous planet compoised of 90% hydrogen, 10% helium with traces of methane, water, ammonia and rock. Its composition is very close to that of star Nebula from which the entire solar system was formed. The interior is high indirect. However, scientists believe that above the rocky material core, liquid metallic hydrogen exists in a pressure of 4 million bars. This liquid is the source of Jupiter'ds magnetic field. Moreover, the outermost layer is composed of liquid and gaseous hydrogen and helium.

    High velocity winds ( 400 mph ) blow in opposite directions in adjacent bands on Jupiter's surface and extend down in the interior. Slight chemical reactions and temperature differences between these bands are responsible for the coloured bands that dominates the planet's appearance. The light coloured bands are called zones, while the dark ones are belts. In addition, small and faint rings exists composed of small grains of rocky materials.

    Great Red Spot (GRS) seen for more than 300 years is an oval about 12000 km by 25000 km big enough to hold two Earths. It is a high pressure region whose clouds tops are higher and colder than surrounding regions.

METIS

Names: Metis
Diameter: 20 KM
Mass: 9.56*1016 KG
Orbit: 128000 KM from Jupiter

ADRASTEA

Names: Adrastea
Diameter: 10 KM
Mass: 1.91*1016 KG
Orbit: 129000 KM from Jupiter

AMALTHEA

Names: Amalthea
Diameter: 98 KM
Mass: 7.17*1018 KG
Orbit: 181000 KM from Jupiter

THEBE

Names: Thebe
Diameter: 50 KM
Mass: 7.77*1017 KG
Orbit: 222000 KM from Jupiter

IO

Names: Io
Diameter: 1815 KM
Mass: 8.94*1022 KG
Orbit: 422000 KM from Jupiter

EUROPA

Names: Europa
Diameter: 1569 KM
Mass: 4.80*1022 KG
Orbit: 671000 KM from Jupiter

GANYMEDE

Names: Ganymede
Diameter: 2631 KM
Mass: 1.48*1023 KG
Orbit: 1070000 KM from Jupiter

CALLISTO

Names: Callisto
Diameter: 2400 KM
Mass: 1.08*1023 KG
Orbit: 1883000 KM from Jupiter

LEDA

Names: Leda
Diameter: 8 KM
Mass: 5.68*1015 KG
Orbit: 11094000 KM from Jupiter

HIMALIA

Names: Himalia
Diameter: 93 KM
Mass: 9.56*1018 KG
Orbit: 11480000 KM from Jupiter

LYSITHEA

Names: Lysithea
Diameter: 18 KM
Mass: 7.77*1016 KG
Orbit: 11720000 KM from Jupiter

ELARA

Names: Elara
Diameter: 38 KM
Mass: 7.77*1017 KG
Orbit: 11737000 KM from Jupiter

ANANKE

Names: Ananke
Diameter: 15 KM
Mass: 3.82*1016 KG
Orbit: 21200000 KM from Jupiter

CARME

Names: Carme
Diameter: 20 KM
Mass: 9.56*1016 KG
Orbit: 22600000 KM from Jupiter

PASIPHAE

Names: Pasiphae
Diameter: 25 KM
Mass: 1.91*1017 KG
Orbit: 23500000 KM from Jupiter

SINOPE

Names: Sinope
Diameter: 18 KM
Mass: 7.77*1016 KG
Orbit: 23700000 KM from Jupiter

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Hashem Gamal, 2002
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