Abstract 

Inspiration

The Problem

The Outline of a Solution

The Main Cooling System and its Essential Elements

A Protected Room and its External Shield

The Fluid Pressure

Natural or Assisted Circulation

Isometric Outline of the Main Structure Cooling System

Isometric Outline of a Protected Room

Some General Conditions

References

Every upper collector must be able to separate the liquid from its mixture with vapor if evaporation of this liquid is allowed or taken into consideration. The separated liquid must subsequently return via downcomers to its distributor, whereas the vapor is released to the atmosphere or, if cooling water is available, condensed and merged with the separated liquid.

As already mentioned, some downcomers can be situated inside the risers. Else individual downcomers or their sets can be placed near the centers of gravity of the horizontal sections of a building. The lower and upper parts of such downcomers can simultaneously serve as respective distributors of liquid to or collectors of effluent fluid from their associated risers. All downcomers shall preferably run vertically from the top to the bottom of the building.