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<T> TALE nyare (saga, history), nyarna (saga) -NAR2 TALK quet- (pa.t. quente) (say, speak) -LT2:348 TALL halla, tunda (Note: the latter has a homonym meaning "kindle"), tara (high) -LotR:1157, TUN, WJ:417 TANGLE fasta- -PHAS TAP tamin ("I tap", 1. pers. aorist) (pa.t. tamne) -TAM TAPER licuma (candle) -MC:223 TARN moile -LT2:349 TASSEL fas, fatse -GL:34 TASTE (vb) tyavin ("I taste", 1. pers. aorist); TASTE (noun) tyave (pl. tyaver is attested in the compound lamatyaver "sound-tastes"; see SOUND-TASTE.) -KYAB, MR:215, 216 TAUT tunga (tight, [of strings:] resonant) -TUG TEAR nire, nie -NEI, LT1:262 TELL nyarin ("I tell", 1. pers. aorist) (relate); NOT TO BE TOLD OR RELATED avanyarima -NAR2, WJ:370 TEMPLE corda -LT1:257 TEN cainen -KAYAN, KAYAR TENDRIL liante (but in Etym, this word is glossed "spider", q.v.) -LT1:271 TERRIBLE rucima, aica (fell, dire, sharp) -WJ:415, PM:347 TERRIFY ruhta- -WJ:415 TERROR osse (Osse is also the name of a Maia held to be responsible for storms at sea.) -GOS, Silm:33, 34 THANKSGIVING #hantale (isolated from Eruhantale "thanksgiving to Eru". A verbal stem #hanta- "thank" can also be isolated.) -UT:436 THAT ta (it), tana, yana (the former), THAT (relative pronoun): "who, which, that" as a relative pronoun is i or ya: i Eru i or ilye mahalmar ea "the One who is above all thrones", i carir quettar omainen "those who form words with voices". A pronoun ya *"which" is found in the "Arctic" sentence; yassen "in which" in Nam is evidently this pronoun + a plural locative ending. -TA, YA, WJ:391, UT:305, 317, Arct THATCH tupse -TUP THE i In Quenya, the definite article is generally used as in English. However, notice that it is not used before plural words denoting an entire people or race, such as Valar, Quendi, Noldor, Sindar, Eldar, Ainur, Firimar etc. This is evident from examples like lambe Eldaron "the language of the Eldar [lit. simply "Eldar"]", Valar valuvar "the will of the Valar [lit. simply "Valar"] will be done". Cf. Tolkien's use of "Men" with no article, meaning the entire human race or humans in general, while "the Men" would be a group of individuals. Anar "the Sun" and Isil "the Moon" are probably treated like proper names in Quenya; they do not take the article. When a noun is determined by a following genitive, it is evidently optional whether it takes the article or not: mannar Valion "into the hands [lit. simply "hands"] of the Lords", Indis i Ciryamo "The Mariner's Wife, *The Wife [lit. simply "Wife"] of the Mariner" - but contrast I Equessi Rumilo "the Sayings of Rumil", i arani Eldaron "the Kings of the Eldar". If the genitive precedes the noun, the article must probably be left out, as in English (*Eldaron arani, ?Eldaron i arani). Note: i is also the relative pronoun "who, that"; see WHO. -I, WJ:404, 368, FS, UT:8, WJ:398, 369 THEE le (formal, perhaps the object form of elye "thou", q.v; only known as a borrowing in Sindarin; see the notes on the poem A Elbereth Gilthoniel in RGEO) Case endings may be added, e.g. dative len "to/for thee". -LotR:61 THEIR - if analogy can be trusted, "they" is the ending *-nta, e.g. *aldanta "their tree". See THEY. THEM te (independent pronoun); -t (pronominal ending, e.g. laituvalmet, "WE [-lme-] will praise THEM [-t]") -LotR:989 cf. Letters:308 THEN san -MC:216 THERE, LOOK! en (yonder) -EN THEY -nte (pronominal ending): Tiruvantes i harar mahalmassen mi Numen "they will keep it who sit upon thrones in the West". The independent, emphatic form may be *ente.) Object "them" (and non-emphatic "they") is the independent pronoun te, that may also be expressed by the pronominal ending -t (as in a laita, laita te...laituvalmet, "bless them, bless them...we shall bless [or praise] them"). For "they", there is also the ending -lto as in tulielto "they have come" (LT1:270), but its status in mature Quenya is uncertain. -UT:317, LotR:989 cf Letters:308 THICK tiuca (fat) -TIW THIGH tiuco -TIW THIN - long and thin: lenwa (straight, narrow) -LT2:341 THING nat; THING MADE tanwe (device, construction, craft) -NA2, TAN THINGOL Singollo (?) short for Sindacollo (?) (so in Silm:421; MR:217 and WJ:410 have Sindicollo, where the s represents original th, cf. PM:337, where the spelling Sindikollo is used [S = th as in thin]. Hence, these variant forms should be spelt with in initial sule, not silme, in Tengwar writing). However, it appears that Thingol was usually called Elwe in Quenya. -MR:385 THIRD #nelya (cf. Nelyar "Thirds", the third clan among the Elves) -WJ:420 THIRSTY fauca (open-mouthed, parched) -PHAU THIS sina -UT:305 THITHER tar; THITHER LANDS (as seen from Valinor) Entar, Entarda (Outer Lands, Middle-earth, East) -TA, EN THORN nasse (spike) -NAS THORONDOR Sorontar -Silm:438 THOU elye (independent pronoun, used fo r emphasis, therefore translated "even thou" in Nam and RGEO:67), -lye (pronominal ending; the normal way of expressing non-emphatic "thou": hiruvalye "thou shalt find"). This "thou" is formal. Concerning familiar or intimate "thou", that would often be translated "you" in English, only the object tye "thee" [q.v.] and the short suffix -t is attested; the latter may be used on imperatives, e.g. hecat "get thee gone!") -Nam/RGEO:67, WJ:364 THOUGHT osanwe; COMMUNICATION OF THOUGHT osanwe-centa -MR:415 THRALL mol -MO THREAD (fine) lia (spider filament. Note: lia- is also the verb "twine".) -SLIG THREE nelde (obsoleting ole in LT1:258) -NEL THRESHOLD fenda -PHEN THROAT lanco -LAK, LANK THRONE mahalma (loc. pl. mahalmassen is attested) -UT:317 THRONG sanga (crowd, press); THRONG-CLEAVER Sangahyando (personal name, the "throng" being a closely formed body of enemy soldiers) -STAG, LT2:342, LotR:1085 cf. Letters:425 THROUGH tere, ter; "THROUGH-ABIDE" (i.e., stand [fast]) #termar- (only fut. termaruva is attested) -TER, UT:305, 317 THY -lya, *-tya (endings used on nouns, e.g. *aldalya, *aldatya "thy tree". The ending *-tya is not attested and is deduced from the pronoun "thee" [q.v.].) The semantic distinction between -lya and *-tya is that -lya is formal or polite, while *-tya is intimate or familiar. Cf. THEE. In UT:51 (cf. 22), -lya is translated "your" instead of "thy", following modern English usage (tielyanna "upon your path"). TIGHT tunga (taut, [of strings:] resonant) -TUG TILL (prep) an (for, to) -Arct TILTED talta- (sloping, leaning) -TALAT TIME lume (translated "hour" in LotR:94; allative lumenna is attested; Note: lume also means "darkness"); lu (= "a time, occasion"). FIXED TIME asar (Vanyarin athar) (festival), ONCE UPON A TIME yasse, yalumesse, yaresse (Note: the first of these seems to clash with *yasse "in/on which".) -LU, WJ:399, YA TIMID caurea -LT1:257 TIN latucen; OF TIN latucenda -LT1:268 TINDER tusture -LT1:270 TINFANG Timpando -LT1:268 TINY titta (little) -TIT TISSUE lanne (cloth) -LAN TITLE see NICKNAME. TO, TOWARDS ana, na, an (for, till); (prefix:) ana-. English "to, towards, -wards" will often be rendered by the allative ending -nna, pl -nnar, as in Elenna "Starwards" (Elen + [n]na) -NA, Plotz letter, UT:432, Silm:313 TOGETHER o- (prefix) -WO TOIL mota- (labour) -MO TOKEN tengwe (indication, sign, writing - pl tengwi is attested) -WJ:394, 395 cf. TEK TOMB #noire (isolated from Noirinan, "Valley of the Tombs") -UT:166 -TON (reduced form of "town" in names) -mas (-by) -LT1:250 TONGUE (physical tongue:) lamba, (language:) lambe, quetil (In LT2:339, it is said that lambe covers both "physical tongue" and "speech", but Tolkien later thought better of that. WJ:394 states that in non-technical use, lambe was the normal word for "language"; only the Loremasters used the technical term tengwesta instead.) LOREMASTER OF TONGUES #Lambengolmo (only pl Lambengolmor is attested) -LAB/LotR:1157/WJ:394, 396, KWET TOOTH nelet (pl nelci), carca (fang, tusk); ROW OF TEETH carcane (LT2 has carcasse, carcaras "row of spikes or teeth".) -NEL-EK, KARAK/LT2:344 TOPMOST PINNACLE see FINISH. TORMENT (vb) nwalya-. (Though spelt this way also in Etym, nwalya- must be from older *ngwalya, for the stem is NGWAL. In Tengwar spelling, the letter nwalme (< older ngwalme) should be used to transcribe the initial nw of nwalya.) TORMENT (noun) nwalme (older [MET] ngwalme), angaitya -LotR:1157 cf. NGWAL; LT1:249 TORTURE ungwale, malcane, valcane -NGWAL, LT1:250 TOUGH norna (stiff), tarya (stiff) -WJ:413, TARAG TOWARDS ana, na, an (for); (prefix:) ana- (to) -NA TOWER mindon (also translated "Lofty Tower"; allative pl mindonnar or mindoninnar is attested) (turret), mindo (=isolated tower), tirion (= watchtower; also defined as "a mighty tower, a city on a hill), tirin (= tall tower; Note: a homonym means "I watch") See also TOWN WITH WALLS AND TOWERS. -LT2:346/MC:222, MINI, LT1:258, TIR TOWN osto (= town with wall) (city), opele (walled village/house), irin; TOWN WITH WALLS AND TOWERS tirios, TOWNSHIP ostar -OS, PEL(ES), LT1:258, LT2:343, 336 TRADE (vb) manca-, TRADESMAN macar -MBAKH TRAILING sora (long) -LT2:344 TRANSPARENCE liquis, TRANSPARENCY - the word virin is defined as "a magic glassy substance of great lucency used in fashoning the Moon. Used of things of great and pure transparency." -LT1:262, LT2:339 TRAVEL lelya- (pa.t. lende) (go, proceed) -WJ:363 TREASURE harma, harwe (both words also used of a single treasured thing), foa, mire (jewel, precious thing); TREASURY harwe (also used = treasure). -3AR/LotR:1157, LT2:340, MIR TREE alda (gen.pl. aldaron is attested), orne (= high, isolated tree), taule (= great tree). HAVING TREES, TREE-GROWN aldarwa, TREE-SHADOWED aldea, AVENUE OF TREES aldeon; LORD OF TREES Aldaron (a name of Orome) -GALAD/Nam/LotR:1147/ 1157, OR-NI/LotR:488 cf. Letters:308, LT1:267, LT1:249, Silm:32, 378 TRESS finde (lock of hair) (probably obsoleting findil in LT2) -SPIN, LT2:341 TRIANGLE neltil (pl neltildi), nasta (spear-head, point, gore) -TIL, SNAS TRIBE hostar -LT2:340 TROOP hosse (army, band) -LT2:340 TROTH vere (bond, compact, oath) (Pl. probably *verer not *veri; cf. the similar formation tyave "taste", pl tyaver.) -WED TRUE sanda (firm, abiding), anwa (real, actual) -STAN, ANA TRUMP hyola -SD:419 TRUMPET romba (horn), tumbe; TRUMPET-SOUND roma (loud sound) (Note: roma means "shoulder" in one of Tolkien's early "Qenya" lexicons.) -WJ:400/ROM, LT1:269 TRUST estel (hope) -MR:320 T-SERIES tincotema (dental series) -LotR:1154 TUBE rota -LT2:347 TUN (Old English) see FENCED FIELD -PEL(ES) TUNE linde (air, song, singing) -LIN2 TUNNEL rotto (s mall grot) -PM:365 TURGON Turucano (so in PM:345, obsoleting Turondo in LT1:115) TURRET mindon (tower) -LT1:260 TUSK carca (tooth, fang) -Silm:429, LT2:344 TWANG tinge, tango. LT1:256 has quingi- "twang, of strings, harp". In Etym, there is also the unglossed verb tanga- = *"make a twang"??? -TING, TANG TWELVE *rasta (only the stem RASAT is given; assuming that the sound-changes were regular, this would become *rasta in Quenya). TWELVE HOURS ("day" not meaning 24 hours) arya (day) -RASAT, AR1 TWILIGHT tindome (usually of the time near dawn, glossed "starry twilight" in Silm:438), undome (= evening twilight), yucale, yuale, lome (night, dusk, gloom, darkness. Cf. Lomion "Child of the Twilight".) -LotR 1145, KAL, LT1:255, Silm:160 TWIN onona (also = adj "twinborn", the primary meaning of the word), pl. ononi (surprisingly, a dual form is not used) -WJ:367 TWINE lia- (Note: lia is also a noun meaning "fine thread, spider's filament") -LT1:271 TWINKLE #tintila- (only pl tintilar is attested) -Nam, RGEO:67 TWINKLING STAR tingilya, tingilinde -TIN TWISTED nauca (hard, ill-shapen, *small - see SMALL.) -WJ:413 TWITCH rihta- (jerk, give quick twist or move) -RIK(H) TWO atta -AT(AT)/Letters:427
