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	<S> SAFE varna (protected, secure). (GL:58 has moina "safe, secure", but in mature Quenya moina means "dear, familiar", and the former moina seems to have become muina "hidden, secret".) SAFE KEEPING mando (custody) -BAR, MR:350 SAGA nyare, nyarna (tale, history) -NAR2 SAGACIOUS finwa -LT1:253 SAIL #cir- (only attested as a continuative stem: cira). LT1:273 has wili- "sail, float, fly", but see FLY. -MC:221 SAILOR ciryaquen (shipman) -WJ:372 SAKALTHOR Falassion -UT:223 SALVE lipsa -LIP SANCTUARY yana (holy place) -YAN SAND litse -LIT SARUMAN Curumo (= Sindarin Curunir) -UT:393, 401, 427 SATURN Lumbar -WJ:xi/Basic Quenya:24, cf. Silm:55 SAURON (The Abhorred) Sauron (?), other names Suro, Sauro (all S) -THUS SAVIOUR saro (?) (isolated from the word Nanisaro "saviour of the Dani") -LR:188 SAY quet- (pa.t. quente) (speak, talk), eque (the latter word "has no tense forms...being mostly used only before either a proper name...or a full independent pronoun, in the senses say / says or said. A quotation then follows, either direct, or less usually indirect after a 'that'-construction (...) Affixes appear in equen 'said I', eques 'said he / she' ." (WJ:392, 415) Cf. also SAY NO vaquet- (forbid, refuse) (1. pers. sg aorist and past vaquetin, vaquenten are given), ava- (refuse) (pa.t. avane is given; this verb was "little used in ordinary language"). NOT TO BE SAID, THAT MUST NOT BE SAID avaquetima. SAYING eques (pl. equessi) (dictum, proverbial dictum, quotation) -Silm:436, WJ:370, LT2:348, WJ:392 SCHOLAR istyar (learned man) -IS SCOOP OUT calpa- (draw out, bale out) -KALPA SCORN yaiwe (mocking) -YAY SCREEN (vb) telta- (canopy, ov ershadow), SCREEN FROM LIGHT halya- (veil, conceal) -SKAL, TEL SEA ear, aire (said to apply to "inner seas of Middle-earth" in Etym, but Tolkien later used these words of the ocean). LT2:347 also gives Rasa "the Sea". SEA-DWELLING Eambar (name of a ship), SEA-SPIRIT falmar/falmarin (pl. falmarindi) (nymph), SEA-ELF Teler (Telellie, Telelli "Teler-folk", adj Telerin "Telerian"), SEAWEED earuile (also simply uile, see PLANT), CHILD OF THE SEA oar (merchild), SEAWARD PRECIPICE ollo (cliff). (The alternative form oldo may be archaic Quenya.) -AYAR/Letters:386/RGEO:73, UT:430, LT2:347, TELES, LT1:263, LT1:252 SECOND #tatya (cf. Tatyar, "the Seconds", the Second Clan of the Elves), neuna; THE SECOND Atani (sg Atan - an Elvish name of Men, later only used of Men of the Three Houses of the Edain.) -WJ:420, NDEW, WJ:403 SECRET (adj) muina (hidden), nulla, nulda, lomba; SECRET (noun) fole (secrecy); SECRECY muile, fole (secret), SECRETIVE folima -MUY, DUL, LT1:255, LT2:340 SECURE varna (protected, safe), SECURITY varnasse. (GL:58 has moina "safe, secure", but in mature Quenya moina means "dear, familiar", and the former moina seems to have become muina "hidden, secret".) -BAR SEDGE lisce (reed) -LT2:335 SEE cen- (behold) (future tense cenuva is attested), vela-; SEE! ela (lo! look!) (directing sight to an actually visible object) -MC:222, Arct, WJ:362 cf. 360 SEED erde (germ. Note: a homonym means "person".) -ERED SEIZE mapa- (grasp) This word was struck out in one of Tolkien's earlier word-lists, but in Etym it was restored. -MAP, LT2:339 SELF-NAME #cilmesse (only pl. cilmessi is attested, said to mean more literally "names of personal choice": #cilme "choice" + essi "names". PM:339 explains that "some among the exiles gave themselves names, as disguises or in reference to their own deeds and personal history: such names were called kilmessi 'self-names'.") SEND FLYING horta- (speed, urge) -KHOR SEND FOR tulta- (fetch, summon) -TUL SENTENCE quentele -LT2:348 SEPTEMBER Yavannie -LotR:1144/1146/Silm:439 SERIES tema (pl. temar is attested) (row, line) -TEN, LotR:1153 SERPENT loke (snake, dragon; "so do the Eldar name the worms of Melko[r]", LT2:85). The word foaloke is said to be a "name of a serpent that guarded a treasure". The word is not capitalized, so this "name" must be a common noun and not a proper name. -LOK, LT2:340 SERVANT -(n)dur (final element in compounds, e.g. arandur "king's servant, minister, steward". When the first part of the compound ends in l, n, or r, the n of -ndur is left out). -Letters:386 SET panya- (fix), SET (of Sun or Moon) nuta- (sink, stoop), SET UP tulca- (fix, establish; Note: there is a homonym meaning "firm, steadfast, strong, immoveable".) -PAN, NDU, LT1:270 cf. TULUK SETTLED - be settled: mar- (abide, be fixed) -UT:317 SEVEN otso -OT SHADE leo (= shadow cast by an object), laime, lomin (shadow); SHADES OF NIGHT lome (Night, night-time, dusk, gloom, twilight), SHADY halda (veiled, hidden, shadowed), laira -DAY, LT1:255, DO3 SHADOW leo ( =shadow cast by an object) (shade), lomin (shade), lumbule (=[heavy] shadow), fuine, huine (= deep shadow) (gloom, darkness), ungo (=dark shadow) (cloud), mordo, lumbe (gloom). "The Shadow" meaning Sauron should probably be Huine, since this word is associated with his coming to Numenor in LR:47 and SD:246/310. SHADOWED halda (veiled, hidden, shady). -DAY, LT1:255, Nam/RGEO:67, PHUY, UNG, MOR, LUM, SKAL SHAGGY aule (May have been obsoleted by the later [TLT] word aule "invention".) -LT1:249 SHAKE (quick) rince (flourish) -RIK SHAPE (vb) canta-, venie (infinitive? Stem #ven-?) (cut); SHAPE (noun) venwe (cut), SHAPED canta (also as quasi-suffix, e.g. lassecanta "leaf-shaped"); SHAPED STONE ambal (flag) -KAT, LT1:254, MBAL SHARE hyanda (blade) -LT2:342 SHARP laice, maica (piercing), aica (fell, terrible, dire; this gloss "sharp" is isolated from one translation of Aicanaro:) SHARP-FLAME Aicanaro "Fell Fire, Aegnor" (so in Silm:435; MR:323 has Aicanar) -LAIK, Silm:434, AYAK, MR:323 SHARP-PROWED SHIP cirya (see SHIP) -Silm:433 (where the spelling cirya occurs, but all other sources have cirya with a short i, so cirya is likely an error by Christopher Tolkien). SHATTERED rucina (confused, disordered) -MC:223 SHEATH vaine -LT1:271 SHEEN, THE Isil (Moon) -THIL SHEEP mama (Unlike English "sheep", this word probably has a distinct plural mamar.) -WJ:395 SHELL hyalma (conch, horn of Ulmo) -SYAL SHEPERD mavor (GL:58 gives mavar); SHEPERDESS emerwen -LT1:268, UT:434 SHIELD turma; BOSS OF SHIELD tolmen (isolated round hill) -TURUM, LT1:269 SHIFT (of large and heavy things:) ruma- (part. rumala is attested) (heave, move) -MC:223, 222 SHINE cala- (fut. caluva is attested), calta-; SHINE WHITE sil- (present tense sila, aorist sg. sile, aorist pl. silir, and freq. sisila- are attested), ninquita-; SHINING WHITE (adj) silma (silver) -LT1:254, UT:22 cf. 51, KAL, MC:223, NIK-W, SIL/LotR:94/The Return of the Shadow:324 SHINGLE sarnie (pebble-bank) -UT:463 SHIP cirya (defined as "sharp-prowed ship" in Silm:433; dual ciriat [read ciryat?] is attested in Letters:427; all numbers and cases except plural possessive ciryaiva are attested in the Plotz letter. In Silm:433, the spelling cirya occurs, but all other sources have cirya with a short i, so cirya is likely an error by Christopher Tolkien); lunte (boat); SHIPMAN ciryaquen (sailor) -KIR, LT1:249/LUT, WJ:318 SHORE falas (falass-), falasse (beach, line of surf); hyapat; SHORE-PIPER, SHORELAND PIPER Solosimpe (pl Solosimpi is attested) -LT1:253, Silm:431, SKYAP, LT1:251, 265 SHORT sinta (?); SHORT STABBING SWORD ecet (broad-bladed sword) -STINTA, UT:284 SHOULDER roma (Note: a homonym means "horn" or "trumpet-sound, loud sound") See also BACK. -LT2:335 SHOUT (vb) rama-; SHOUT (noun) rambe, SHOUT OF TRIUMPH yello (call), SHOUTER ramandor (but in mature Quenya this would probably be a pl; sg ramando) -LT1:259, GYEL SHOW tana- (indicate) (Note: tana also means "that".) -MR:385 SICKLE circa; SICKLE OF THE VALAR Valacirca (= the Great Bear, the Plough, the Big Dipper or the Wain), also called Otselen = The Seven Stars. -KIRIK, OT SICK(LY) laiwa (ill), caimasse, caimassea (bedridden), engwa (cf. Engwar "The Sickly", an Elvish name for Men); SICKNESS quame, live, caila (lying in bed) -SLIW, KAY, GENG-WA, Silm:122, KWAM SIGH see EXPIRE. Cf. also one of Nienna's titles: Nuri, she who sighs. -LT1:263 cf. 66. SIGN tanna, taina; tengwe (indication, token, writing - pl tengwi is attested), tehta (mark [in writing], diacritic) (In LotR:1155, this word is applied to the supralinear vowel-signs of Feanorian writing, and pl tehtar is attested.) SYSTEM OR CODE OF SIGNS tengwesta (grammar) -MR:385, WJ:394, 395, TEK SIGNIFER Tancol ("the significant Star", probably = Venus) SILVER telpe, telep- (tyelpe, tyelep- was the original form of the word in Noldorin Quenya, but "the form telpe became usual, through the influence of Telerin; for the Teleri prized silver above gold, and their skill as silversmiths was esteemed even by the Noldor" [UT:266]. However, in Letters:426 it is stated that "the form tyelpe remained in Quenya" and was not wholly displaced by telpe. LT1:268 has telpe = telempe.) Cf. also ilsa (a "mystic name" of silver), +silme (also meaning light of Silpion, starlight). SILVER (prob. adj) tinda (glinting), OF SILVER telepsa, telpina, telemna. SILVER LIGHT istel, istil ("applied by the Ilkorins to starlight, probably a Q[uenya] form learned from Melian"). SILVER GLINT nille (a star on Varda's simulacrum covering Valinor. Spelt nille, i.e., ngille, in MR:388, but initial ng had become n in Third Age pronunciation, and I follow the system of LotR and transcribe it accordingly. But is this word is written in Tengwar, the letter noldo, not numen, should be used to transcribe the initial n.) -Silm:429, KYELEP, LT1:255, SIL, TIN, MR:388 SINEW tuo (muscle) -TUG SING lirin ("I sing", 1. pers. aorist) (chant); SINGER nyello, lindo (singing bird); SINGERS Lindar (a name of the Teleri); SINGING linde (air, tune, song), SINGING CLUSTER Lindelokte (labernum). This is the form given in LT1:258; Tolkien later decided that kt became ht in Quenya: read Lindelohte? -GLIR, NYEL, LIN2, WJ:418, Silm:431, LT1:258 SINGLE erya (sole), SINGLY eresse (only, alone, also as noun: solitude) -ERE, LT1:269 SINGULARITY erde (used in the sense "person as a whole", body and soul. Note: a homonym means "seed, germ".) -MR:216 SINK (of Sun and Moon) nuta- (set) -NDU SIP salpa- (lick up, sup) -SALAP SIRIUS Niellune, Nierninwa -LT1:262 SISTER seler (?) (pl. selli), onome, onone; SISTER (usually not of bloodkinship) oselle (?) (associate) -THEL, NO SIT #hara- (only pl harar "are sitting" is attested. In Etym, "sit" is ham-) -KHAM, UT:317, KHAM SIX enque -ENEK SKIES fanyare (upper airs and clouds) -MC:223 SKILL curu; SKILLED maite (pl. maisi) (handy), BE SKILLED IN DEALING WITH hanya- (understand, know about) -Silm:429, MA3, KHAN SKIN helma (fell) (parma in LT2:346 is obsolete; see BARK) -SKEL SKY vilya (older [MET] wilya) (air), helwa, ilwe (heavens), telimbo (canopy), taime, taimie. (LT2:348 gives ilu, but the meaning of this word was later changed - Tolkien decided that Iluvatar means "All-Father", not "Sky-Father" as he originally thought.) "SKY-BRIDGE" (i.e., rainbow) helyanwe -LotR:1157, 3EL, LT1:255, LT2:348, LT1:268 SLACKEN lehta-, leuca- (loose) (Note: leuca is also a noun meaning "snake". Anyway, leuca- in Etym is likely a misreading for lenca-. The certain form lehta- is to be preferred.) -LEK SLASH cirisse (gash) -KIRIS SLAVE mol (thrall) -MO SLAY mac- -LT1:259 SLEEP (noun) fume. (This word points to fum- as the stem of the verb "to sleep".) FLOWER OF SLEEP - see POPPY. -LT1:253 SLENDER ninde, teren, terene -NIN-DI, TER SLIDE DOWN talta- (slip, collapse) -MC:223 SLIP talta- (slide down, collapse) -MC:223 SLOPE (vb) talta-; SLOPE (noun) pende (downslope, declivity), ampende (upward slope), SLOPING DOWN penda (inclined) -PEN SLOW lenca -LT2:341 SLUMBER (vb) lor-, muru-, SLUMBER (noun) lore, murme, SLUMBROUS lorda (drowsy), murmea -LT1:259, LOS, LT1:259, 260 SMALL pitya (never translated, but Pitya-naucor is glossed "petty-dwarves", and pica "small spot" must be derived from the same root.) Cf. also nauca, an adjective "especially applied to things that though in themselves full-grown were smaller or shorter than their kind, and were hard, twisted, or ill-shapen." LT1:256 has an adjective inya "small", but this is probably not a valid word in mature Quenya (in that language inya may mean "my, mine".) -PIK, WJ:389, 413 SMALL STONE sar (pl. sardi) -SAR SMEARED purea (discoloured) -MC:223 SMITH tano (craftsman), SMITH OF THE WOR LD Talca Marwa (a title of Aule) -TAN, LT1:266 SMOOTH pasta -PATH SMOULDERING HEAT yulme (red [?heat] - Tolkien's handwriting was illegible); SMOULDERING WOOD yula (ember) -YUL SNAKE ango (pl. angwi), leuca, loke (serpent, dragon; "so do the Eldar name the worms of Melko[r]", LT2:85) -ANGWA, LotR:1149, LT2:340 SNARE neuma -SNEW SNARL yarra (growl) -MC:223 SNOUT mundo (nose, cape) -MBUD SNOW losse (spesifically "fallen snow", also adjective "snow-white"; +olos, +olosse. Etym also gives nique, but this word is obsoleted by a statement in WJ:417: "nique does not refer to snow, but to cold". This statement may obsolete niquetil "snowcap" in LT1:266. Is niquis "snow" from the same source a valid word? GL:35 has fawe "snow" and fauta "it snows".) LIGHT SNOW is, SNOW-WHITE losse (which may also be the noun "snow"), SNOWDROP nieninque (lit. "white tear") -RGEO:69, GOLOS, NIK-W-, NEI, LT1:256, LT1:262/266 SOAP lipsa -LIB1 SOFT maxa (pliant), moica -MASAG, GL:58 SOIL 1. (noun) kemen (earth), 2. (vb) vahta- (stain), SOILED vara (dirty) -LT1:257, WA3 SOLE erya (single), SOLITUDE eresse (also as adverb: single, only, alone) -ERE cf. LT1:269 SOLE OF FOOT tallune (the form talas in LT2 is probably obsolete) -RUN, LT2:347 SOLEMN PROMISE vanda (oath, pledge) -UT:317 SOLITARY erda (deserted) -LT1:269 SOLITUDE eresse (also as adverb: singly, only, alone) -ERE, LT1:269 SOMBRE morna (black, gloomy, dark) -MOR SON yondo (male descendant), (suffix:) -ion, e.g. Finwion "son of Finwe". Cf. also the vocative yonya "my son", a contraction of yondonya. (The forms vo, vondo "son" in LT2 are certainly obsolete, as are the notions that yondo meant "(great) grandson" and that yo-, yond- "son" was used only in poetry. But LT2 does confirm that -ion was "very common...in patronymics".) SON OF THE DARK (= Morgoth) morion YO, MR:217, LR:61, LT2:336, 344, LT1:260 cf. FS SONG linde (air, tune, singing), #lire (only attested in the instrumental case: lirinen; pl. probably lirer not liri, compare the similar formation tyave "taste", pl. tyaver), lirilla (lay). See also MUSIC. -GLIN, Nam, LT1:258 SOON rato -Arct SOPE lipsa -LIB SORROW nyere (grief). Pl. probably nyerer not nyeri; cf. the similar formation tyave "taste" pl. tyaver. -GL:60 SOUL fea (spirit; pl fear is attested. In MR:330, Tolkien notes that fea is "roughly but not exactly equivalent to...'soul'.") -MR:349, 218, cf. Silm:431 SOUND lamma (= sound in general?), #hlon (only pl. hloni is attested; the word is used of the sounds of a language), roma (= loud sound, trumpet-sound. Note: roma also means "shoulder"), lama (according to Etym = "ringing sound, echo", but see below); SOUND-TASTE lamatyave (pl. lamatyaver is attested), i.e., "individual pleasure in the sounds and forms of words". Tolkien seems undecided about the exact meaning of lama. Etym gives "ringing sound, echo"; in WJ:416 it is said that the stem LAMA refers "especially to vocal sounds, but was applied only to those that were confused or inarticulate. It was generally used to describe the various cries of beasts." But the word lamatyave "sound-taste", by which an Elf chose or made a name for him/herself [see NAME-CHOOSING], seems to imply that lama can also be used of articulated speech. -LAM, WJ:394, ROM, MR:215, 216 SOUTH hyarmen (LT2:248 also gives Sahora, but this is hardly a valid word in mature Quenya); SOUTHERN hyarmenya, "SOUTH-VICTOR" Hyarmendacil (one of the Kings of Gondor), SOUTHEASTLANDS Hyarrostar, SOUTHWESTLANDS Hyarnustar (regions in Numenor) -KHYAR/LotR:1157, LotR:1075/1082, UT:165, 446 SOW rerin ("I sow", 1. person aorist), pa.t. rende -RED SPARK - make/cause to spark: tinta- (kindle). SPARK (noun) tinwe (sparkle). -TIN, Silm:438 SPARKLE (vb) tintina- (pl. tintinar is attested), MAKE TO SPARKLE tinta- (kindle); SPARKLE, SPARK (noun) tinwe (often = "star") -TIN, Silm:438 SPEAK quet- (pa.t. quente) (say, talk) -LT2:348 SPEAR ehte, ecco; SPEAR-HEAD nehte (gore, wedge, narrow promontory), nasta (gore, point, triangle), SPEARMAN ehtyar -EK, SNAS, UT:282 SPECIES nostale (kind) -LT1:272 SPEECH #questa (isolated from tarquesta "high speech") -TA SPEED (vb) horta- (urge, send flying), SPEEDING hortale (urging) -KHOR SPELLING tencele (writing system) -TEK SPIDER liante (so in Etym; in LT1:271, liante is glossed "tendril"); SPIDER FILAMENT lia (Note: lia- is also the verb "twine"); SPIDER'S WEB ungwe (but in LT1:271, ungwe is glossed "spider") -SLIG, LotR:1157 SPIKE nasse (thorn), tinda; ROW OF SPIKES (or teeth) carcasse, carcaras -NAS, LT1:258, LT2:344 SPINDRIFT winge (wingi-) (crest [of wave], foam) -LT1:273 cf. WIG SPIRANT CONSONANT surya -SUS SPIRIT fea (= the spirit or "soul" of an incarnate, normally housed in a body; pl fear is attested), eala ("being", pl. ealar is attested. Ealar are spirits whose natural state it is to exist without a physical body, e.g. Balrogs), sule (?) (earlier [MET] thule, Sule) , manu (= departed spirit; LT1:260 has mane), faire (= spirit in general, as opposed to matter, or a phantom or disembodied spirit, when seen as a pale shape. Pl. fairi is attested), vilisse. A person's "spirit" meaning his or her general personality and attitude may be rendered by the word ore, in LotR defined as "heart, inner mind" (q.v.), cf. PM:337, where it is said that "there dwelt in her [Galadriel] the noble and generous spirit (ore) of the Vanyar". FIELD-SPIRIT Nermi (pl. Nermir is attested. The Nermir are "fays of the meads".) -MR:349, 218, 165; cf. Silm:431; LotR:1157, MAN, MC:223, MR:349, GL:23, LT1:260 SPIT piuta -PIW SPLIT sanca (?) (cleft) -STAK SPONGE hwan (pl. hwandi) (fungus) -SWAD SPORT tyalie (game, play) -TYAL SPOT men (place - Tolkien may have rejected this word, see PLACE), SMALL SPOT pica (dot) -MEN, PIK SPRAY (of fall or fountain) rosse (fine rain, dew) -Letters:282 cf. ROS SPREAD palu-, palya- (open wide, extend, expand) -PAL SPRING (vb) tuia- (sprout); SPRING (noun) ehtele (fountain, issue of water), SPRING OF WATER capalinda, WATER FALLING OUT SWIFTLY FROM A ROCKY SPRING celusse (freshlet), SPRING-TIME tuile (this word literally means "budding, also collectively - buds, new shoots, fresh green" [LT1:269]. Also used = dayspring, early morn. In the Calendar of Imladris, tuile was a precisely defined period of 54 days, but the word was also used without any exact definition. Beside tuile, LT1:269 also has tuiliere.) FIRST BEGINNING OF SPRING coire ("stirring", according to the Calendar of Imladris a period of 54 days in early spring); "SPRING-SINGER" (i.e., swallow) tuilindo -TUY/LotR 1141, 1145, KEL, UT:426, LT1:260, Silm:429, LT2:338/LT1:269 SPROUT (vb) tuia (spring), lohta- (corrected from the actual reading lokta because Tolkien later decided that kt became ht in Quenya) (put forth leaves or flowers); SPROUT (noun) tuima (bud) -TUY, LT:258 SQUAT haca- -GL:47 STABBING SWORD (short) ecet (broad-bladed sword) -UT:284/432 STAFF - LT1:264 has vandl, but the cluster ndl cannot occur in mature Quenya. Read vandel? STAIN (vb) vahta-, STAIN (noun) vaxe -WA3 STAND ASIDE! heca! (be gone!). Also with pronominal affixes: sg hecat, pl hecal "you stand aside!" -WJ:364 STANDARD tulwe (standard, pole) -LT1:270 STAR elen (normal pl eleni, but occasionally +eldi in verse; allative elenna and pl ablative elenillor are attested), +el (pl. eli is mentioned), tinwe (properly = sparkle), ile. (Note: in Etym elen is said to be poetic, but Tolkien later concluded that elen was "the normal word for a star on the actual firmanent", the poetic word being el instead. According to MR:388, a tinwe was one of the "apparent stars" on Varda's simulacrum covering Valinor, also called nille or "silver glint". Etym mentions the words ellen and elena without glossing them, but according to Silm:431 elena is an adjective meaning "of the stars".) TWINKLING STAR tingilya, tingilinde, HAVING MANY STARS lintitinwe; STARLIKE elvea (pl. elvie is attested); STARWARDS elenna (Elenna or Elennanore, "the land named Starwards", a name of Numenor); STARLIGHT silme (light of Silpion); STARCROWNED, CROWNED WITH STARS (a name of Taniquetil) Elerrina (so in Silm:42; Etym has Elerina); STAR-QUEEN (=Varda) Elentari; STARLIT DUSK, STARRY TWILIGHT tindome. See also STELLAR. -EL, Silm:313, MC:222 cf. 215, TIN, WJ:362, UT:317, LotR:1157, LT1:269, MC:223, Silm:42, DOMO, Silm:438 STATUTE namna -MR:258 STEADFAST tulca (firm, strong, immoveable; Note: there is a homonym meaning "fix, set up, establish"), vorima, voronda ("steadfast in allegiance, in keeping oath or promise, faithful"). -TULUK cf. LT1:270, UT:317 STEADY tulunca (firm) -LT1:270 STEEL ere, eren (meaning either iron or steel), yaisa -LT1:252, GL:37 STEEP aiqua, oronta -AYAK, LT1:256 STELLAR elenya (no gloss is actually given; the word is simply defined as "an adjective referring to stars". There are also the adjectives elda and elena, translated "of the stars". But in normal Quenya, elda primarily means "Elf", pl. Eldar. Use elenya or elena.) -WJ:362, Silm:431 STEM telco (leg) -LotR:1154 STEWARD arandur (king's servant, minister) -Letters:386, UT:313 STICK TO himya- (cleave to, abide by), STICKING himba (adhering) -KHIM STIFF norna (tough), tarya; STIFF, DRY GRASS sara (?) (bent) -WJ:413, TARAG, STAR STILL (= "yet, despite that", not in the sense "unmoving":) er (only, one, alone, but, still) -LT1:269 STING nasta- (prick) -NAS STINK yolo- -GL:41 STIRRING coire (according to the Calendar of Imladris a period of 54 days in early spring) -LotR:1141, 1142 STONE ondo (defined as stone "as a material" in Etym, but used of natural rocks in MC:222: ondolisse morne, "upon dark rocks". LT1 and LT2 has simply on, ondo "stone, a stone"), sar (sard-) (= small stone); OF STONE sarna. STONE SONG Ondolinde (Gondolin). See also ELFSTONE, FLINTSTONE. -GONOD (see GOND), Silm:431, LT1:254/LT2:342, SAR, Silm:415 STOOP nuta- (sink, set [of Sun and Moon]) -LT1:263 cf. NDU STOP hauta- (take a rest, cease), pusta- (put a stop to, but also intr: cease), tape (3 pers sg pres; pa.t. tampe is given) (block), STOP SHORT nuhta- (stunt, prevent from coming to completion, not allow to continue). FULL STOP ("in punctuation" - in Feanorian writing probably the symbol :) putta, pusta; STOPPED CONSONANT (i.e., plosive consonant?) punta; STOPPER tampa -KHAW, PUS, TAP, WJ:413 STORM raumo (glossed "[noise of a] storm" in MC:223) STRAIGHT tera (right), lenwa (long, thin, narrow); STRAIGHT LINE tea (road) -TE3, TEN, LT2:341 STRAP latta (Note: a homonym means "hole, pit") -LATH STRAY ranya-; STRAYING (noun) rane (wandering) (pl. probably raner not rani; cf. the similar formation tyave "taste" pl tyaver.) -RAN STREAM (vb) celu- ("streem out swiftly"; there is also a noun celu "stream"), STREAM (noun) celume (flow, flowing, flood, tide), celu, sire (river); STREAM IN THE WIND hlapu- (fly in the wind; part. hlapula is attested) -UT:446, LT1:265, MC:223, 222/LT1:257 STRECH lenu-; STRETCH OUT rahta- (reach) (Corrected from the actual reading rakta; Tolkien later decided that kt became ht in Quenya) -LT1:341, 335 STREET malle -MBAL, LT1:263 STRENGTH (physical) tuo -TUG STRIDER Telcontar -MR:897 STRIPPED BARE helda (naked) -SKEL STROKE ("of pen of brush ['] when not used as long mark") tecco -TEK STRONG tulca (firm, immoveable, steadfast. Note: there is a homonym meaning "fix, set up, establish"), STRONG (physically) polda (burley), STRONG PLACE sarne -TULUK, POL, SAR STUNT nuhta- ("prevent from coming to completion, stop short, not allow to continue" -WJ:413 SUBLIME, THE Varda (this word should probably not be used as a normal adjective. It is also translated the Lofty.) -WJ:402 SUCCESSOR neuro (follower) -NDEW SUFFICE farya- (pa.t. farne) (Note: #farne also means "dwelling"); SUFFICIENCY fare (plenitude, all that is wanted), SUFFICIENT farea (enough) -PHAR SUFFOCATE quoro- (choke) -LT1:264 SUMMER laire (Note: a homonym means "poem". In the Calendar of Imladris, laire was a precisely defined period of 72 days, but the word was also used without any exact definition), saiwen (cf. saiwa "hot".) "EVER-SUMMER" oiolaire, "SUMMER-SNOW-WHITE" lairelosse (evergreen trees brought to Numenor by the Eldar) -LotR:1141, 1145, Letters:282, LT1:265, UT:167, 458, UT:167, 449 SUMMIT - LT1:256 gives orme "crest, summit", but in mature Quenya orme means "wrath, haste, violence, rushing". SUMMON tulta- (send for, fetch), yal- (dative infinitive #yalien is attested in enyalien "for the re-calling"). -TUL, UT:317 SUN Anar, Urin (Urind-) (the latter was a "name of the Sun"; in LT1:271 urin is glossed "blazing hot", and the word for "Sun" is Ur ["Ur"] or Uri, Urinci, Urwen.The stem Urin is derived from was struck out in Etym. However, several words that must be derived from the same stem occur in LotR, indicating that Tolkien restored it.) Naira ("the heart of flame"), Calavene, Calavente (another names for the Sun). SUNLIGHT are (older [MET] aze); SUNRISE anarore, ambaron/Ambarone (uprising, Orient) (a similar but untranslated word, Ambarona, occurs in LotR), romen (glossed "uprising, sunrise, east" in Silm:437, but the normal meaning of the word is always "east"). SUNSET andune (west, evening), nuro. (Amunte in LT2 is certainly obsolete); RAY OF THE SUN firin (the latter may not be a valid word in mature Quenya) -ANAR, UR, LotR:1157, LotR:254, ORO, AM, LotR:490, NDU, MR:198, Silm:428, LT2:335, 341 SOUP sulpa -LT1:266 STUDY (long) nole (wisdom, lore, knowledge). (In Etym this word is spelt with initial n, that is, ng. Initial ng had become n in Third Age Quenya, and I follow the system of LotR and transcribe it accordingly. Nole is so spelt also in Silm:432. But if this word is written in Tengwar, the initial n should be transcribed with the letter noldo, not numen.) -NGOL, Silm:432 SUP salpa- (so in Etym; "take a sup of" in LT1:266) (sip, lick up) -SALAP, LT1:266 SUPPORT (noun) tulto (prop) -TULUK SUPPOSE intya-; SUPPOSITION intya (guess, idea) -INK SUPREME The Supreme Aratar (pl; sg #Arata). The Aratar are the mightiest of the Valar: Manwe, Varda, Ulmo, Yavanna, Aule, Mandos, Nienna, and Orome. Aratar is also rendered "High Ones, Exalted Ones" -Silm 32/381, WJ:402 SURE tanca (firm, fixed) -TAK SURF solor, solosse (surge). LINE OF SURF falasse (beach, shore) -SOL, LT1:266, Silm:431 SURFACE palure (bosom, bosom of Earth - Tolkien equated palure with the Old English word folde), palme -PAL SURGE (noun) solosse (surf) -LT1:266 SWALLOW tuilindo (lit. "spring-singer"). -TUY/LIN2/LT1:269/LT2:338 SWAN alqua; HAVEN OF THE SWANS Alqualonde -ALAK/Silm:427/LT1:249, LT2:335 (LT1:249 also has alque), UT:417 SWARD palis (lawn) -LT1:264 SWART varne (varni-) (brown, dark brown) The form varni- is evidently used in compounds. -BARAN SWELL tiuya- (grow fat) -TIW SWIFT #linta (only pl linte is attested), tyelca (agile, hasty), larca, alarca (rapid), arauca (rushing) -Nam, KYELEK, LAK, LT2:347 SWIRL hwinya- (eddy, gyrate) -SWIN SWORD macil; BROAD SWORD lango (also = prow of a ship), LARGE SWORD falquan; SHORT STABBING SWORD, BROAD-BLADED SWORD ecet, SWORD BLADE +russe (corruscation) -MAK/LT1:259, LAG, LT2:341, UT:284/432, RUS SWORN BROTHER otorno (associate) -TOR SYRUP pirya- (juice) -PIS

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