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<C> CALACIRIAN Calaciryan (prob. *Calaciryand-), full form Calaciryande (i.e., "the region of Eldamar...in and near the entrance to the ravine [of Calacirya], where the Light was brighter and the land more beautiful") -RGEO:70 cf. LotR:252 CALL yello (shouth of triumph) -GYEL CANDLE licuma (taper) -MC:223 CANOPY (vb) telta- (overshadow, screen), CANOPY (noun) telimbo (sky) -TEL, LT1:268 CANNIBAL-OGRES Sarquindi (sg #Sarquinde?) -LT2:347 CAPE mundo (nose, snout) (Note: mundo also means "ox".) -MBUD CARANTHIR Morifinwe, short form Moryo (not equivalent in sense to his Sindarin name, which is the cognate of his "mother-name" [q.v.] Carnistir.) -PM:353 CARCANET firinga (necklace) -LT2:346/GL:36 CAROUSAL yulme (drinking) (Note: a homonym means "smouldering heat") -WJ:416 CARPENTER samno (?) (wright, builder) -STAB CARRY - GL:38 has yulu-, but in WJ:416 the same stem (there spelt JULU) is said to mean "drink", indicating that yulu- "carry" is obsolete in mature Quenya. Use rather #col-; see BEAR. CART norolle -GL:31 ?CASSIOPEIA Wilwarin (the identification of this constellation is not certain. Wilwarin means "butterfly".) -Silm:426 CASTLE OF CUSTODY - this is mentioned as the approximate meaning of Mandos (stem Mandost-) -MR:350 CAT meoi -LT2:348 CATCH (noun) atsa (hook, claw) -GAT CAUSE (vb) tyar- -KYAR CAVE felya, rondo , rotele; ARTIFICIAL CAVE hrota (dwelling underground, rockhewn hall) -PHELEG, ROD, LT2:347, PM:365 CAVITY (hollow) suma (bosom) -MC:223 CEASE hauta- (take a rest, stop), pusta- (stop, put a stop to), tyel- (end) -KHAW, PUS, KYEL CELEBORN Telporno (Letters:425) or Teleporno (UT:266). (The latter is stated to be the Telerin form, while Telporno must be the form used in Noldorin Quenya. Cf. Altariel vs. Alatariel; see GALADRIEL.) CELEBRIMBOR (= "Silver-fist") Telperinquar (possibly *Telperinquar-. Cf. quare "fist"). -Silm:429 CELEGORM Turcafinwe, short form Turco (not equivalent in sense to his Sindarin name, which is a cognate of his mother-name [q.v.] Tyelcormo "hasty-riser"; the latter name was "never used in narrative".) -PM:352, 353 CELOS Celusse (see UT:426) CENTRE ende (core, middle), tole -NED, ENED, LT1:269 CENTURY haranye (or perhaps it means the last day of a century - Tolkien's wording is not clear. The latter interpretation may be more likely.) -LotR:1142 CHAIN Angainor (= "The Great Chain" with which Morgoth was twice bound; LT1:249 has the form Angaino) -Silm:59 CHAMBER sambe (?) (-san, -samb- in compounds; cf. BEDCHAMBER) (room) -STAB CHAMPION arato (eminent man) -Silm:428 CHANGE (vb) #ahya- (only pa.t. ahyane is attested) -PM:395 CHANNEL celma -KEL CHANT lirin ("I chant", 1. pers. aorist) (sing) -LIR1 CHEESE tyuru- (so in GL:28; why the hyphen?) CHERRY pio (this word was also applied to plums). CHERRY TREE aipio (also used = "plum tree"???) -LT2:347, GL:18 CHIEF (adj) hera (principal); CHIEF (noun) #turco (isolated from Turcomund "chief of bulls, *chief bull"; this may not be pure Quenya, but Turco appears as a the short name of Turcafinwe, Celegorm's Quenya name - though that is translated "strong, powerful (in body)" rather than referring to more "political" power) -KHER, Letters:423, PM:352 CHIEFTAIN haran (pl harni) (in Etym also = king, but in LotR and other texts the Quenya word for "king" is aran pl. arani - see KING), cano, canu (see COMMANDER) (ruler, governor, commander) -3AR, UT:400 CHILD hina, also vocative hina with a short vowel, used when addressing a (young) child. Pl. hini rather than hinar; see CHILDREN OF ILUVATAR below. "Child" as the last element in compounds: -hin (-hin-, pl. -hini), e.g. CHILDREN OF ERU Eruhini from sg. #Eruhin; CHILDREN OF ILUVATAR Hini Iluvataro; MY CHILD hinya (short for hinanya). (For "child", Etym also has selde; Tolkien changed the meaning from "daughter".) -WJ:403, Silm:387/432, SEL-D- CHILL ninque (pallid, white); BE CHILL (of weather) nicu- (be cold) -WJ:417 cf. NIK-W- CHILLY ringa (damp, cold) -LT1:265 CHOKE quoro- (suffocate), CHOKED quorin (drowned) -LT1:264 CHOOSING #cilme (isolated from Essecilme "name-choosing", q.v.) -MR:214 CHRONOLOGICAL ACCOUNT lumequenta (history) -LU CIRCLE rinde; CIRCULAR rinda; CIRCULAR ENCLOSURE ("especially on a hill-top") corin -RIN, KOR/LT1:257 CITY osto (town with wall round) -OS CLAD vaina -LT1:272 CLAMOUR yalme -NGYAL (see NGAL) CLAN nosse (family, "house") < i>-NO CLARITY calasse (brilliance) -GL:39 CLASP tangwa (hasp) -TAK CLAW atsa (hook, catch), #racca (isolated from raccalepta, see below); CLAW-FINGERED raccalepta -GAT, SD:68, 72 CLEAN poica -POY CLEARED (of land) latin, latina (free, open) -LAT CLEAVE hyarin ("I cleave", 1. pers. aorist), CLEAVER #hyando in Sangahyando "Throng-cleaver, Cleaver of throngs" -SYAD, LT2:342, LotR:1085 cf. Letters:425 CLEAVE TO himya- (abide by, stick to) -KHIM CLEFT yawe (ravine, gulf); sanca (?) (split), hyatse (gash), ciris (crack), falqua (mountain pass, ravine), cilya (gorge, pass between hills) (so in Etym, but cirya in the name Calacirya "Pass of Light" [gen. Calaciryo in Namarie] - though this clashes with cirya "ship". An early version of Namarie actually had Calacilyo, not Calaciryo; see An Introduction to Elvish p. 5.) -YAG, STAK, SYAD, RGEO:70/WJ:403, LT2:337, 341, KIL CLIFF ollo (seaward precipice) (The alternative form oldo may be archaic Quenya.) -LT1:252 CLOAK colla (vestment, actually a past participle "borne, worn" used as a noun). GREY-CLOAK Sindacollo, Singollo (so in Silm:421; MR:217 has Sindicollo. Note that colla has become #collo because -o is a masculine ending.) (Thingol) -MR:385 CLOTH lanne (tissue) -LAN CLOUD fanya (white cloud; pl. fanyar is attested), lumbo (pl lumbor is attested. In LT1:259, it is stated that this word applies to a "dark lowering cloud"), ungo (dark shadow). (In ancient times the Elves probably also used the word fana [in Etym fana] for "cloud" or "veil", but in Quenya it came to denote the visible bodies in which the Valar manifested themselves to incarnates. When fana no longer meant "cloud", this meaning was evidently transferred to the derivative fanya, originally probably meaning "white" or "white thing".) UPPER AIRS AND CLOUDS fanyare (skies) -SPAN, MC:222, UNG, Nam, RGEO:67, SYAD, RGEO:74, MC:223 CLUSTERS (of flowers) see BLOSSOM. COAT vacco (jacket) -GL:21 COBWEB line -SLIG CODE OF SIGNS tengwesta (system of signs, grammar); GESTURE-CODE hwerme -WJ:394 cf. TEK, WJ:395 COLD (adj) ringa (so in MC:222 and LT1:265; Etym has ringe, which is also a noun meaning "cold lake/pool in the mountains"), (damp, chilly), yelwa; COLD (noun?) nique, also vb nique- "it is cold, it freezes"; BE COLD, CHILL (of weather) nicu- -MC:222, RINGI, LT1:260, WJ:417 COLLAPSE (vb) talta- (slip, slide down), COLLAPSE (noun) atalante (downfall) -MC:223 COLLECT hosta- (gather, assemble); COLLECTION OF LEAVES olassie (foliage) -KHOTH/MC:223, Letters:282 COME tulin ("I come", 1. pers. aorist); perfect #utulie and future #tuluva are attested (the latter in entuluva "shall come again". Tulin obsoletes tulu- in LT1:270). COME AWAY hotuli- ("so as to leave a place or group and join another in the thought or place of the speaker") -TUL, LotR:1003, Silm:229, WJ:368 COMMANDER cano ("usually as the title of a lesser chief, especially one acting as the deputy of one higher in rank", PM:345) (governor, chieftain, commander) -PM:345 COMMANDMENT axan (law, rule) -WJ:399 COMMERSE mancale -MBAKH COMMUNICATION centa (as in Osanwe-centa, Communication of Thought. In other contexts, centa must be translated *"enquiry" or *"essay") -MR:415 COMPACT vere (troth, oath, bond) Pl. probably *verer not *veri; cf. the similar formation tyave "taste", pl tyaver.) -WED COMPEL mauya-; COMPULSION mausta -MBAW COMPLAINT nur (growl) -LT1:263 COMPLETELY aqua (fully, altogether, wholly) -WJ:392 CONCEAL halya- (veil, screen from light) -SKAL CONCEALED furin or hurin (hidden) -LT2:340 CONCEPTION noa (pl. nowi), no (now-) -NOWO CONCH hyalma (shell, horn of Ulmo) -SYAL CONCLUDE telya- (transitive) (wind up, finish); CONCLUSION telma (further defined as "anything used to finish off a work or an affair") -WJ:411 CONFUSED rucina (shattered, disordered) -MC:223 CONSONANT - Tolkien notes: "Since...in the mode of spelling commonly used the full signs were consonantal, in ordinary non-technical use tengwar [sg tengwa, see LETTER] became equivalent to 'consonants'." Cf. also surya "spirant consonant" and punta "stopped consonant". -WJ:396, SUS, PUT (see PUS) CONSPICOUS minda (prominent) -MIN CONSTRUCTION tanwe (craft, thing made, construction, devise) ataque (building) -TAN, TAK CONTEMPTIBLE faica (mean) -SPAY CONTINUAL vorima (repeated); CONTINUALLY voro (also voro- in compounds) -BOR CONTRARY, ON THE - see NO CONTROL turin ("I...control", 1. pers. aorist) (pa.t. turne) (wield, govern); IN CONTROL OF (possessing) arwa (followed by gen, e.g. *i heru arwa i nerion "the lord in control of the men") -TUR, 3AR COOKED FOOD apsa (meat) -AP COPING-STONE see FINISH. COPPER tambe; OF COPPER tambina; COPPER-COLOURED aira (ruddy, red) -LT1:250, 256, 268 COPULA telluma (altered from earlier telume under influence of a Valarin word; pl. tellumar is attested) (dome), coromindo (dome) -Nam/WJ:399/411, KOR CORE ende (centre, middle) -NED, ENED CORNFLOWER menelluin (lit. *"sky-blue") -Pictures of J. R. R. Tolkien CORPOREAL sarcuva (bodily) -LT2:347 CORPSE quelet (pl. queletsi), loico (dead body); CORPSE-CANDLE loicolicuma -KWEL, MC:223 CORRUSCATION russe (+swordblade) -RUS COTTAGE - LT2:336 has os(t) "house and cottage", but this word is probably obsolete - osto means "city" in mature Quenya. COUNT - the stem not- can be isolated from the word for "countable", see below. It actually occurs in Etym, but is glossed "reckon" instead. COUNT UP onot- (cf. not- "reckon"), COUNTABLE #notima (isolated from unotime "not-countable, numberless", pl.). NOT COUNTING hequa (leaving aside, excluding, except) -NOT, Nam, RGEO:67, WJ:364, 365 COUNTRY nore (land, race, nation, native land, family), #norie (only attested in a compound, in the ablative case: sindanoriello, "grey-country-from", "out of a grey country". -NO, Nam/RGEO:67 COURAGE huore (only attested as a proper name: Huore, lit. "heart-vigour") -KHO-N COURSE tie (line, direction, way, path, road) -TE3, RGEO:67 COURT paca (paved floor) -GL:63 COVER tope (aorist sg) (pa.t. tompe), untupa- (lit. "down-roof") -TOP, Nam/RGEO:67 COVERING telme (hood) -TEL COW (milch cow) yaxe. (An alternative form yaxi, glossed "cow", looks like a plural in mature Quenya.) -GL:36 CRACK ciris (cleft) -LT2:335 CRAFT tanwe (thing made, device, construction); curwe. CRAFTSMAN tano (smith) -KUR CREATE onta (pa.t. one, ontane) -ONO CREATURE onna; DEFORMED/HIDEOUS CREATURE ulundo (monster) -ONO, ULUG CRESCENT cune (bow) -LT1:271 CREST (of wave) winge (wingi-) (foam, spindrift). LT1:256 gives orme "crest, summit", but in mature Quenya orme means "wrath, haste, violence, rushing". CRESTED WAVE falma -WIG/LT1:273, PHAL CROOKED hwarin; raica (bent, wrong), rempa (hooked), cauca (bent, humped) -SKWAR, RAYAK, REP, LT1:260 CROSSBAR hwarma -SKWAR CROSSING tarna (passage, #ford) -LT2:347 CROW quaco (so in WJ:395; Etym has corco ) -WJ:395, KORKA (see KARKA) CROWD sanga (throng, press); rimbe (host) -STAG/Silm:438, RIM CROWN rie; CROWNED rina; STAR-CROWNED, CROWNED WITH STARS (a name of Taniquetil) Elerrina (so in Silm; Etym has Elerina) -RIG, EL, Silm:42 CRUEL nwalca (Though spelt this way also in Etym, nwalca must be from older *ngwalca, for the stem is NGWAL. In Tengwar spelling, the letter nwalme (< older ngwalme) should be used to transcribe the initial nw of nwalca.) -NGWAL CRUMBLE #ruxa- (only part. ruxala is attested) -MC:222 cf 215 CRYSTAL SUBSTANCE silima (a substance Feanor alone knew how to make; the Silmarils were made of it. Etymologically, the word apparently means simply *"white-shining thing", or perhaps *"[substance] apt to shine white".) -RGEO:73, Silm:437 CUNNING - LT1:253 has finde, finie, but these words may not be valid in mature Quenya (in Etym, finde means "tress, lock of hair"). CUP yulma -Nam, RGEO:67 CUPOLA coromindo (dome) -KOP CURUFIN Curufinwe, short form Curvo. (His "mother-name", never used in narrative, was Atarince.) -PM:352, 353 CURUNIR Curumo (Saruman) -UT:393, 401 CURVED cuna (bent; cuna is also used as a verbal stem, see BEND) -MC:223 CUSHION nirwa -NID CUSTODY mando (safe keeping); CASTLE OF CUSTODY Mandos (Mandost-) -MR:350 CUT (vb) rista-; venie (infinitive? stem #ven-?) (shape), CUT (noun) rista, venwe (shape), CUT OFF (and get rid of or lose a portion:) auciri-, (so as to have or or use a required portion:) hociri- -RIS, LT1:254, WJ:365-366, 368 CYCLE randa (age) -RAD
