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<P> PACE ranga (pl rangar is stated to mean "full paces"). The ranga was a Numenorean linear measure of approximately 38 inches (96.5 cm); see YARD. -UT:285 PAGAN GOD see GOD PAIN (vb) nwalya- (torment). (Though spelt this way also in Etym, nwalya- must be from older *ngwalya, for the stem is NGWAL. In Tengwar spelling, the letter nwalme (< older ngwalme) should be used to transcribe the initial nw of nwalya.) PAIN (noun) naicele, naice (= sharp pain); PAINFUL naicelea -NGWAL, NAYAK PALATAL SERIES tyelpetema -LotR:1154 PALE marya (fallow, fawn), malwa (fallow), isca. PALE BLUE helwa -MAD, SMAL, LT1:256, 3EL PALLID ninque (chill, white) -WJ:417 cf. NIK-W- PANSY helin, Helinyetille ("Eyes of heartsease") (violet) -LT1:262 PARCHED fauca (openmouthed, thirsty) -PHAU PARCHMENT - in LT2:346, parma "book" is glossed "parchment", but see BARK. PARENT #nostar (only pl nostari is attested); ontaro (m), ontare (f), pl ontani parents (begetter) -LotR:1017 cf. Letters:308, ONO PASS auta- (leave, go away); pa.t. oante, oantie (in the physical sense "went away [to another place]", vane ("the most frequently used past [tense]" - less "physical" than oante, meaning *"disappeared" rather than "passed away"), also anwe (this pa.t. was "only found in archaic language"), perf. avanie (pl avanier is attested); perf. vanie with no augment may occur in verse. -WJ:366; for the gloss "pass" see Silm:229 PASS - mountain pass: falqua (cleft, ravine); pass between hills: cilya (cleft, gorge) (so in Etym, but #cirya in the name Calacirya "Pass of Light" [gen. Calaciryo in Namarie] - though this clashes with cirya "ship". An early version of Namarie actually had Calacilyo not Calaciryo; see An Introduction to Elvish p. 5) -LT2:341, KIL PASSAGE tarna (crossing, #ford) -LT2:347 PAST, PAST AND OVER (adj) vanwa (departed, lost, vanished, dead, no longer to be had), PAST (noun = past time) vanwie -WAN, Nam PATH tie (course, line, direction, way, road); #vanda (isolated from Qualvanda "Road of Death" in LT1:264; cf. vand- "way, path" on the same page); NARROW PATH axa (ravine); -TE3/RGEO:67/UT:22 cf. 51, LT1:264, AK PAUSE lar (also a Numenorean linear measure, nearly one league - see LEAGUE.) -UT:285 PAVED FLOOR paca (court) -TAL, GL:63 PEACE sere (repose, rest), AT PEACE senda (resting) -SED PEAK aicale; MOUNTAIN PEAK aicasse, also #rasse or #ras (isolated from Arfanyarasse, Arfanyaras "high white-shining peak"). -AYAK, WJ:416 PEARL marilla -LT1:265 PEBBLE-BANK sarnie (shingle) -UT:463 PEER tihta- (blink) -MC:223 PEN tecil -TEK PEOPLE lie, nosse (kin, house). Originally nore meant "people", but in later [MET] Quenya it means primarily "land". SOME PEOPLE queni -LI, LT1:250/LT2:338, WJ:361 cf. 360 PERCEPTION, KEENNESS OF laice (acuteness) -LAIK PEREDHIL Pereldar (the Half-Elven) -Letters:386, cf. LotR:1071 PERFORMATION assa (hole, opening, mouth) -GAS PERIOD (endless) oio -UT:317 PERPETUAL #oien (isolated from oiencarme "perpetual production" - but it has also been suggested that this is oi-en-carme *"ever-re-making", so the word oien is rather doubtful) -MR:329 PERSON quen pl. queni (one, somebody); PERSON AS A WHOLE (body + soul) esse (basically meaning "name"), erde ("singularity". Note: a homonym means "seed, germ".) -WJ:361 cf. 360, MR:216 PETTY #pitya (isolated from Pitya-naucor "petty-dwarves", see below). PETTY-DWARVES Attalyar (lit. "Bipeds"), Picinaucor, Pitya-naucor (lit. *"small dwarves") -WJ:388, 389 PHANTOM faire ("phantom, disembodied spirit, when seen as a pale shape" - pl. fairi is attested. Note: faire has other shades of meaning as well as wholly different meanings - see SPIRIT, DEATH, RADIANCE, FREEDOM) -MC:223, 221 PHARAZON Calion -UT:224, Silm:324 PHONETIC #hlonite (only attested in the pl. in hloniti tengwi "phonetic signs") -WJ:395 PHYSICAL MATTER orma, hroa (also used = "body"); PHYSICAL STRENGTH tuo -MR:218, 216, TUG PIERCING maica (sharp), tereve (fine, acute), laice (glossed "keen, sharp, acute", never "piercing" - but the earlier [TLT] form was laica, glossed "keen, piercing". Note: laice is also a noun meaning "acuteness, keenness".) -Silm:434, LT1:255, LT2:337 PILE hahta (mound) -KHAG PILLAR tarma, tulwe (standard, pole) -Silm:438, LT1:270 PILLOW quesset -KWES PIN tancil (brooch) -TAK PINETREE - GL:17 has aicasse, but in Etym this word is said to mean "mountain-peak". PINNACLE (topmost) see FINISH. PIPE simpa, simpina (flute), rotse. PIPER simpetar, PIPING simpise -LT1:266, LT2:347 PIT latta (hole - Note: a homonym means "strap") -DAT PIVOT peltas (pl peltaxi) -PEL PLACE men (so in Etym, though this word would clash with *men "to/for us". In LotR, sinome is translated "on this place", pointing to #nome as the word for "place". Tolkien first wrote simane, then changed it to sinome. If #man in the first word is a variant form of men, Tolkien evidently rejected #man/men in favour of #nome. On the other hand, men is also mentioned in the language notes in RGEO (p. 72), a late source that is not easily dismissed.) STRONG PLACE sarne -MEN, LotR:1003, SD:56, SAR *PLANT #olva (only pl olvar is attested, never actually translated "plants" but defined as "growing things with roots in the earth"); LONG TRAILING PLANT uile ("especially sea-weed", which is explicitly earuile) -Silm:415, UY PLAY (vb) tyalin ("I play", 1. pers. aorist), PLAY(noun) tyalie (game, sport) -TYAL/LT1:260 PLEDGE vanda (oath, solemn promise) -UT:317 PLENITUDE fare (all that is wanted, sufficiency) -PHAR PLIANT maxa (soft) -MASAG PLOUGH hyar; THE PLOUGH (constellation) see SICKLE OF THE VALAR. -LT2:342 PLUM pio (also used for "cherry") -LT2:347 POEM laire (Note: a homonym means "summer"), lirit -GLIR, LT1:258 POINT mente (end), nasta (spearhead, gore, triangle), tixe (dot, tiny mark), tilde (horn), amatixe (point/dot over the line of writing), nuntixe (point/dot under the line of writing) -MET, SNAS, TIK, TIL POISON (noun) sangwa -SAG POLLEN malo (yellow powder) -SMAL POOL nende, linya, ailin (lake), ringe (cold lake); POOL OF LILIES nenuvar -NEN, LIN, AY, RINGI, LT1:248 POPLAR-TREE tyulusse; HAVING MANY POPLARS lintyulussea -TYUL, LIN POPPY fumella (pl. fumellar [read *fumellar?] is attested), fumellot (prob. fumellot-; cf. lote "flower". Fumellot is literally *"flower of sleep", but do not necessarily refer to opium poppies only.) -LT1:252 POSSESS harya-; POSSESSING arwa (+ genitive) (in control of) (Note: harya- is not used of one's offspring. In MR:228, Tolkien notes that "no Elf would speak of possessing children; he would say: 'three children have been added unto me', or 'are with me', or 'are in my house'.") -3AR POST (wooden) samna (?) (Distinct from #samna "diphthong" in Tengwar spelling, as the latter is spelt with initial silme, not sule.) -STAB POTTER cemnaro, centano -KEM, TAN POUR ulya- (intransitive pa. t. ulle, transitive ulyane; plural subjunctive ullier "should pour" is attested. These forms may obsolete ulu- and ulto- "pour" [transitive and intransitive] in LT1:270); POURING ulea (flooding, flowing) -ULU, SD:310 POWDER (yellow) malo (pollen) -SMAL PRAISE (vb) laita- (bless) (Imperative a laita and fut #laituva are attested, the latter with pronominal endings: laituvalmet, "we shall praise them") PRAISE (noun) #laitale (isolated from Erulaitale "Praise of Eru") -LotR:989 cf Letters:308, UT:436 PRAYER #kyerme (isolated from Erukyerme, "prayer to Eru". A verbal stem #kyer- "pray" can also be isolated) -UT:436 PRECIOUS THING mire (jewel, treasure, shining jewel) -MIR PRECIPICE (seaward) ollo (cliff). (The alternative form oldo may be archaic Quenya.) -LT1:252 PRESS sanga (crowd, throng) -STAG/Silm:438 PREVENT FROM COMING TO COMPLETION nuhta- (stunt, stop short, not allow to continue) -WJ:413 PRICK erca-, nasta- (sting); PRICKLE, SPINE erca -EREK, NAS ?PRIMARY (Tolkien's handwriting was illegible) *yessea (corrected from the actual reading essea - see BEGINNING) -ESE PRINCE cundu, haryon (heir); PRINCESS aranel -KUNDU, 3AR, UT:434 PRINCIPAL (prob. adj not noun) hera (chief) -KHER PROCEED (in any direction) lelya- (pa.t. lende) (go, travel) -WJ:363 PRODUCTION carme (glossed "art" in UT:396, but cf. Oiencarme Eruo "the One's perpetual production". Carme is also translated "making".) -MR:329 PROFOUND tumna (low-lying, low, deep, dark or hidden) -LT1:271 cf. TUB PROLONG taita- -TAY PROMINENT minda (conspicuous) -MINI PROMISE (solemn) vanda (oath, pledge) -UT:317 PROMONTORY (narrow) ne hte -UT:282 PROP tulco (support) -TULUK PROPER vanima (fair, beautiful, right) -LT1:272 PROSPEROUS alya (rich, abundant, blessed); PROSPERITY aute (wealth, also adj: rich) -GALA, LT2:336 PROTECT varya-; PROTECTED varna (safe, secure) -BAR PROVERBIAL DICTUM ("a saying, a current or proverbial dictum") eques (pl. equessi) (dictum, quotation, saying) -WJ:392 PROW OF A SHIP lango (broad sword) -LAG P-SERIES parmatema (labials) -LotR:1154 PUFF hwesta-; PUFF OF AIR hwesta (breath, breeze) -SWES PURE poica -POY PURSUE roita- -ROY1 PUT ASIDE hehta- (pa.t. hehtane is given but seems perfectly regular) (leave out, exclude, abandon, forsake); PUT A STOP TO pusta- (stop, cease) -WJ:365, PUS PUT FORTH LEAVES OR FLOWERS *lohta- (corrected from the actual reading lokta because Tolkien later decided that kt became ht in Quenya) (sprout) -LT:258 PUTRID saura (?) (foul, evil-smelling) - in compounds #sauri-, see FOUL. -THUS
