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تحويل الأزمنة والضمائر
Direct
Indirect
تصريف أول
تصريف ثاني
تصريف ثاني
Had + P.P
Is/am / are + ing
Was/ were + ing
Was/were + ing
Had been + ing
Have /has +P.P
Had +P.P
Will /shall /can + base
Would /should /could + base
Would /could /should + base
Would/ could/should +have + P.P
Must + base
Had to + base
Had to + base
Must +have +P.P
Have/ has
Had
Had
Had had
Is/ am/ are
Was / were
Was /were
Had been
This
That
These
Those
Now
Then
Here
There
Come
Go
Yesterday
The day before
Tomorrow
The day after
Last week
The week
Ago
Before
Next week
The week after
I/you
He / she
We
They
My /your
His /her
Me /you
Him / her
Us
Them
Our
Their
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أنواع الكلام غير المباشر
Statement
الجملة الخبرية
Suggestion
الإقتراح
Question
الاسئلة
Thank
الشكر
Imperative
الامر والطلب
Apology
الاعتذار
Advice
النصيحة
Warning
التحذير
Back to top
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1 -
الجملة الخبرية
الكلام غير المباشر هو جملة بين فواصل الإقتباس " " والتي
تتضمن قول المتكلم حرفياً
الكلام المنقول هو الجملة التي يقوم بنقلها شخص ثالث .
خطوات تحويل الجملة من الكلام المباشر إلى كلام غير مباشر
1- نبدأ الجملة بفعل القول في حالة الماضي مثل
He ( said , declared , announced , remarked , told ,
stated , complained , added , reported …)
2 -
نفك الفواصل الاقتباس بإستخدام (
that )
e.g : He said , " we have finished our work "
He said that
3 -نحول
ضمائر المتكلم ( I /we
) الى ( they , she , he
)
e.g : He said that they
4 -نحول
الفعل الى الازمان الماضية حسب الجدول الاول
e.g : He
said that they had finished
5 -
نحول ضمائر الملكية و ضمائر المفعول حسب الجدول السابق
e.g : He said that they had finished their work
6 -
اذا وجدت ظروف في الجملة تحول حسب الجدول السابق
القاعدة
مباشر
He said
, " فاعل + فعل + مفعول + تكملة "
غير مباشر
He said + that
+ فاعل محول + فعل محول + مفعول محول + تكملة
تمارين
He said , " I want this here and these boxes as well "
He said …………………………………………………………………
He said , " There is a fly in my soup "
He complained ……………………………………………………………
He said " My car has been stolen "
He reported ………………………………………………………………….
He said , " I met a student yesterday who was with me
five year ago "
He declared …………………………………………………………………..
The doctor said to the nurse, " The patient wants some
water "
The doctor said ……………………………………………………………….
He said , " I feel I have a strong headache "
He said …………………………………………………………………………
He said, " know where your friends live "
He emphasised …………………………………………………………………..
He said " If all the men are here , they will start work
at once "
He stressed ……………………………………………………………………….
He said , " when I have finishes ,I'll let you know "
He stated …………………………………………………………………………
He said , " I am a friend of your father "
He made clear
……………………………………………………………………..
أفعال قول مهمة
Announce
يعلن
Hope
يامل
Agree
يوافق
Believe
يعتقد
Argue
يناقش
Think
يعتقد
Amphasise
يؤكد
Complain
يشكو
Stress
يشدد Add
يضيف
Insist
يصر
Maintain
يؤكد
Report
ابلغ
Declare
يعلن
Repeat
يكرر
Make clear
يوضح
Remarke
يبدي ملاحظة
Go on stay
يتابع القول
Admit
يعترف
Hint
ملاحظات
1- الجمل الدالة على حقائق علمية او حقيقية او حقيقية
ثابتة او اقوال ماثورة التي لا تتغير فعلها عندما تتحول الى كلام غير مباشر .
the teacher said , " our universe is full of wonders "
The teacher said that our Universe is full of wonders
The teacher said , " A friend in need is a friend indeed
"
The teacher said …………………………………………………………
The teacher said " The earth revolves around the sun "
The teacher said …………………………………………………………
2 -
اذا كان فعل القول في حالة المضارع في الجملة غير المتاشرة فان الفعل داخل
الاقواس لا يتحول الى الماضي .
امثلة
He says , " I will be busy tomorrow "
He says that he will be busy tomorrow
تمارين
The child says , " I am hungry "
The child says ……………………………………………
The man says , " I have some work book in my hand "
The man says …………………………………………….
He says , " I don't like oranges "
He says …………………………………………………….
He says , " I like oranges "
He says
………………………………………………………………………..
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الاسئلة
Yes , no questions
مباشر
مساعد + فاعل + فعل + تكملة ?
غير مباشر
فاعل + مساعد + فعل + تكملة + .
He asked , " have you seen Petra
"
خطوات التحويل
1- نفك الاقواس باستخدام
if
بدل فواصل الاقتباس
He asked if
2 -
نبدا الجملة بالفاعل مع تحويل
He asked if he
3 -
نحول الفعل المساعد وحذف فان كان (
did , does ,do )
He asked if he had
4 -
نحول الفعل اذا كان ممكن ذلك حسب الجدول التالي
He asked if he had seen
5 -
نحول الضمائر المفعولة و الملكية والظروف
6- نحول علامة السؤال الى نقطة ( .)
جدول تحويل الافعال المساعدة
Is / am / are
Was / were
Have / has
Had
Will / shall / can
Would / should / could
Must
Had to
Do /does
لا تحول بل تحذف
نحول الفعل الى تصريف ثاني
Did
لاتحول بل تحذف
نحول الفعل الى (
had + P.P
)
تمارين
He said , " shall I live long ? "
He asked ………………………………………………………….
Mother said to me , " is this your bag ? "
He asked ………………………………………………………….
He said " does your father know of yur plan ? "
He asked ………………………………………………………….
He said , " didn't you seen her yesterday ? "
He asked ………………………………………………………….
He said , " was she right or not ? "
He asked ………………………………………………………….
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b -
الاسئلة الاستفهامية Wh
question
مباشر
" wh
+ مساعد + فاعل + فعل + تكملة ?
غير مباشر
Wh
+ فاعل محول + مساعد محول + فعل + تكملة
e.g: He said , " where do you live ? "
He asked where he lived
.
ملاحظة : لا فرق بين السؤال
yes , no
والسؤال الإستفهامي الا في فك الاقواس حيث :
أـ نفك سؤال
yes ,no
بـ if
أو wheather
ب ـ نفك سؤال (
wh
) بـ أداة السؤال نفسها
أفعال تؤدي معنى
ask
( demand , inquire , query , question , wonder , want ,
to know , )
تمارين
1- He
said " where are the boys the going "
He asked ………………………………………………….
2- He wanted to know , " what is the water carrying on
his try ?
He wanted to know …………………………………………………..
3- He asked, " whose house is this ?
He asked ………………………………………………….
4- He said , " How long have you been waiting here?
He asked ………………………………………………….
5- He said , " How far did you swim ?
He asked ………………………………………………….
6- The teacher said to his studen't , " who known the
answer to my question ? "
The teacher asked ………………………………………………………………….
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3 -
الجملة الأمرية
مباشر
فعل مجرد + تكملة !
غير مباشر
To
+ فعل مجرد + تكملة
مثال
He said to me , " carry my bag ! "
He ordered me to carry his bag
.
مباشر
Don't
+ فعل مجرد + تكملة !
غير مباشر
Not to
+ فعل مجرد + تكملة
e.g : He said to his son , " Don't move your head ."
He told his son not to move his head
.
الأفعال التي تؤدي معنى الامر
(
urge , advice , beg , request , direct , shout , order , command , counsel ,
instruct, implore
)
ملاحظة : (
sorry , pardon , excuse me , of course
, oh , please )
جميعها تحذف عند التحويل .
تمارين
1- He
told to his , " wash your dirty hands . "
He told his son ……………………………………………………….
2- The doctor said to his patient , " Tade adeep breath
,please "
The doctor requested …………………………………………………..
3- Salma said to her daughter , " Help me the ironing
,will you "
Salma asked ………………………………………………………………
4- He said , " What ! you haven't finished the lesson yet
?
He expressed ……………………………………………………………..
5- The woman said , " Do your work well, my son ."
The woman told her son
……………………………………………………
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تحويل التعابير التعجبية
مباشر
غير مباشر
What!
He expressed surprise
Good heavens !
He expressed his impatience
Careful !
He warned
Yes !
He agreed
Confgtatulations !
He congratulated me
Oh dear !
He exclaimed
يصرخ
Excuse me
He interrupted
يقاطع
No !
He refused
Hello !
He greeted
Good gracious !
He was surprised , amazed
تمارين
1- He
said , " Good heaven ! I have never such a guest . "
He expressed ………………………………………………….
2- He said , " He I wish she would phone me . "
He exclaimed ………………………………………………….
3- He said , " Bad lock ! Only one of us can win ? "
He expressed his sympoathly and ………………………………..
4- He said , " Good morning ! How are you feeling today ?
"
He greeted me and
……………………………………………………..
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استخدام
must
مباشر
Must
+ مجرد
غير مباشر
Had to
+ مجرد
مباشر
Mustn't
+ مجرد
غير مباشر
Wasn't to /
weren't to +
مجرد
1- He
said , you mustn't play near my house ."
He said ……………………………………………….
2- He said , " I must write my name in my book."
He said
……………………………………………….
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النصيحة
مباشر
فاعل +
should
+ فعل مجرد + تكملة ."
غير مباشر
He advised
+ مفعول + to
+ فعل مجرد + تكملة .
مباشر
فاعل +
ought to
+ فعل مجرد + نكملة .
غير مباشر
He advised
+ مفعول + to
+ فعل مجرد + تكلمة .
مباشر
You + had
better + فعل
مجرد + تكملة .
غير مباشر
He advised
+ مفعول + to
+ فعل مجرد + تكملة
تمارين
1- He
said to me , " if I were you , I'd see a doctor ."
He advised ………………………………………………………
2- He said to me , " you had better take your medicine ."
He advised ………………………………………………………
3- He said to me , " you shouldn't sit under the sun ."
He advised ………………………………………………………
4- He said to me , " were I you , I'd get up early ."
He advised
………………………………………………………
اذا كانت في الجملة منفية نستخدم
not to
مع advised
لا تنسى ان if I were you
تدل على النصيحة ( advise
)
1 .
مباشر " How about
+ فعل ing
+ تكملة ?"
2. مباشر "
what about
+ فعل ing+
تكملة ?"
3. مباشر "
why don't you
+ فعل مجرد + نكملة ?"
4. مباشر " فاعل +
Must
+ فعل مجرد + تكملة ?"
5. مباشر "
let
+ مفعول + مجرد + تكملة ?
1. غير مباشر
He suggested
+ فعل ing
+ تكملة .
2. غير مباشر
He suggested that
+فاعل + should
+ فعل مجرد +تكملة .
2. غير مباشر
He suggested that
+ مفعول + should + be
+ فعل ثالث
3. غير مباشر
He suggested that
+ فاعل محول + فعل محول + تكملة
تمارين
1- He
said , " What about swimming in the sea , Ali ?"
He suggested ……………………………………………………………………..
2 -
He said , " Why don't
you draw the mountains."
He suggested ……………………………………………………………………..
3 -
He said , " let me ask
you a question."
He suggested ……………………………………………………………………..
4 -
He said , " you must
bring your coat ."
He suggested
……………………………………………………………………..
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الإعتذار
غير مباشر
He
apologized that
+ فاعل محول + فعل محول + تكملة .
غير مباشر
He
apologied for + مفعول
+ فعل ing
+ تكملة .
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الأسف
غير مباشر
He
regretted that
+ فاعل محول + فعل محول + تكملة .
غير مباشر
He
regretted + فعل
ing
+ تكملة .
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الشكر
غير مباشر
He thanked
+ مفعول + of
+ فعل ing
+ تكملة .
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التحذير
غير مباشر
He warned
+ مفعول + to
+ فعل مجرد + تكملة .
غير مباشر
He warned
+ مفعول + not to
+ فعل مجرد + تكملة
افعال القول
الافعال التالية يتبعها ( مفعول ) ثم ( مجرد +
to )
Informed , told , warned , assured , advised , ordered ,
command , begged , persuaded , allowed , encouraged , thanked , asked ,
remained , urged , promised
الأفعال التالية يتبعها (
that
) ثم جملة
Said , hopped ,thought ,believed , felt , suggested
,realized , recommanded, boasted ,complained, reperted , added, explained
.
تمارين
He said to me " I am sorry I am late."
He apologized ………………………………………………….
He said to me , " I wish I did it ."
He regretted ……………………………………………………..
He said to me , " Thanks a lot , you helped me ."
He thanked ……………………………………………………….
He said to me , " you can score a goal ,"
He encouraged …………………………………………………….
He said to me , " O.K I'll bring it ."
He assured …………………………………………………………..
He said to me , " I'm the best in class ."
He boasted ……………………………………………………………
He said to me , " The solidier captured the city ."
He realized that the city …………………………………………………
He said to me , " keep your eyes on them ."
He recommended ………………………………………………………..
He said to me , " let's rush now ."
He allowed us
……………………………………………………………
ملاحظة : لا نستخدم نفي مع (
apologized , regret
) لأنها تدل على نفي لذلك علينا ان نضع الفعل في حالة المثبت .
العبارات التالية لا تحول بل تحذف عند التحويل
O.K, thanks , a lot , I wish , I'm sorry
, .
هناك بعض الأفعال يجوز ان نستخدم معها قاعدة المبني
للمجهول أو المعلوم
Passive
: مفعول + should + be +
v3
Active
: فاعل + should + base
+ تكملة .
ومن هذه الأفعال
(
suggested , recommended , realized ,recognized , demanded )
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