الرئيسية تعرف علينا راسلنا اربط بنا سجل الزوار خريطة الموقع
الماضي البسيط الماضي المستمر الماضي التام المضارع البسيط
المضارع المستمر المضارع التام المضارع التام المستمر المستقبل البسيط
المستقبل التام المستقبل المستمر امتحان عام في الازمنة الأفعال الشاذة
الاستفهام المباشر و الغير مباشر الجمل الشرطية المبني للمعلوم

الجمل الشرطية

شكل الجملة الشرطية تنقسم الجمل الشرطية إلى قسمين هما :

1- سؤال الشرط ( IF – Cluase )

2- جواب الشرط ( Main clause )

نموذج تكوين الجملة الشرطية :

If clause Main clause

If + فاعل + فعل + تكملة فاعل + فعل ناقص + فعل + تكملة .

E.G : If it rains heavily , we will dress coat .

ويجوز أن نبدأ الجملة بــــ جواب الشرط فتصبح :

We will dress coat if it rains heavily .

 

حالات الجملة الشرطية للجمل الشرطية ثلاث حالات :

Type الحالة If –cluase Main clause جواب الشرط

( Type 1 ) حالة أولى الفعل تصريف أول Will / shall + base

( Type 2 ) حالة ثانية الفعل تصريف ثاني Would / should + base

( Type 3 ) حالة ثالثة Had + P.P Would /should + have + P.P

Advise النصيحة If I were you I woluld + base + تكملة

ملاحظة : ( were ) في جملة النصيحة تستخدم في جميع الحالات و الضمائر .

 

بدائل IF 1- ( when )

- If ( uncertain عدم تأكيد )

- When ( certain تأكيد )

a. If he has money , he will lend me .

b. When he has money , he will lend me .

Which one is uncertain about lending money ?

2- Provide / providing / providing + that ( يشترط أن )

نفس المعنى و الاستخدام من If

e.g: Providing that you tell truch , you won't go .

3- ( Were )

يجوز حذف if في جملة النصيحة و إستخدام ( were ) بدل عنها .

If I were you , I would go to doctor .

Were I you , I would go to doctor .

4- Had

يجوز حذف ( if ) في الحالة الثالثة وإستخدام ( had ) بدل عنها .

If I had been ill , I would have gone to doctor .

5- Unless

وتستخدم بدل ( if not ) وذلك حسب قواعد التحليل التالية :ـ

If ( not ) Unless

If + don't + base Unless + base

If + dosen't + base Unless + base ( s)

If + don't have Unless have

If + dosen't have Unless has

If + isn't Unless is

If + aren't Unless are

If + didn't + تصريف أول Unless + تصريف ثاني

If + didn't + have Unless + had

 

تمارين عامة Q1:Re- write the following

If you have nothing to do , life be boring .

Unless ………………………………………………….

Unless you a pologize , at once , I never speak to you .

If ………………………………………………………….

If you didn't find him , will you phone me ?

Unless …………………………………………………………..

She wouldn't work so hard unless it were necessary .

If it ………………………………………………………………..

There isn't much you can did if he dosen't answer you

Unless ……………………………………………………………….

You couldn't travel abroat if you didn't have a pssporte

Unless ................................................................................

I wouldn't eat unless I feel extremely hungry .

IF ..........................................................................................

If he dosen't listen carefully , he may miss the point

Unless .................................................................................

You can't go in unless you've got a ticket .

IF ............................................................................................

He wouldn't get there unless he tooke a taxi .

If .............................................................................................

I'll call the police if you don't go away .

Unless ...................................................................................

Q2 :Correct in the barket

If I ………………….. ( see ) apoor man , I'd help him .

I'll make some coffee if you ……………. ( bring ) me suger .

If I ………………….. ( be ) rich would you marry me ?

I …………………….. ( accept ) this fob if I were you .

The man ……………………. ( work ) hander if he is better treated .

He will get gat if he ………………. ( eat ) all this food .

If you ………… ( have ) a mollion pounds what would you do ?

Were I you , I ……………………………….. ( be ) happy ?

What will he say if he …………… ( hear ) of the mother ?

When he ……………………… ( come ) please , tell me .

If I ………………( know ) of your illness I'd have come to see you .

Your boy …………. ( pass ) his exam if he had worked more carefully .

Had you hit the boxer , he …………… ( hit ) you much harder .

If I …………… ( be ) in your place , I would have said nothing .

Q3 : choose the correct answer

If he .................... absent tomorrow . class will be cancelled .

a. is b.was c. were

If I ................. you I'd accept it .

a.had been b.was c.were

If the weather were nice . we ................... swimming .

a.wiil go b.would go c.would have gon.

If he .................. my bills , I would get in a lot of trubles.

a. don't poay b. didn't have c.hadn't have .

If ihad my camera, I .................................. a picture .

a.will take b.would take c. would have taken.

An aerosol spray will explode if you .................... it into fire .

a.throw b. threw c. had thrown

The couple would live in a village if they ............ enough money to hire a suitable house in the city .

a . don't have b. didn't have c. hadn'd had

More tourists ................. to this town if it had a better climate .

a. will come b. would come c.would have come .

 
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