CEREBROVASCULAR DISEASE - Imaging and Intervention

REVIEW QUESTIONS

The review questions are intended to guide your study as you proceed through the information in each Unit. Please answer the review questions as you work through each Unit, and before proceeding to the Test. Click the "Back" button on your browser to return to your unit of study.

UNIT 1

1. Approximately how many recurrent strokes occur in the U.S. each year?
2. Identify the five leading causes of death in the U.S.
3. List the 9 risk factors for stroke mentioned in the program.
4. Which geographic region leads the U.S. in the incidence of stroke?
5. Name the 2 basic types of stroke.
6. Name the two types of ischemic cerebrovascular disease.
7. Briefly explain how cerebral thrombosis occurs.
8. Name the two types of hemorrhagic cerebrovascular disease.
9. Give the mortality rate for ruptured cerebral aneurysms.
10. Describe the cerebral arteriovenous malformation (AVM).
11. List 5 symptoms/signs of acute stroke.
12. Give the score ranges in the NIH stroke scale for determining the severity of a stroke.
13. What is the time frame for the acute phase of a stroke?
14. Why is the stroke patient's head usually elevated in bed?
15. What is the time for the onset of cerebral edema (swelling)?
16. Why are chest x-rays ordered for the acute stroke patient?
17. What is the first step in the treatment of acute stroke?
18. In which type of stroke would anticoagulant medications (heparin, coumadin) be contraindicated?
19. What is the greatest risk in heparin therapy?
20. r-TPA may be indicated in which type of stroke?
21. What is r-TPA?
22. Within what time frame must r-TPA therapy be initiated?
23. What is the most dangerous complication of r-TPA therapy?
24. What is carotid endarterectomy (CEA)?
25. When is CEA usually indicated?
26. What was the reduction of 5 year stroke rates in patients having CEA according to the ACAS study?
27. The greatest risk of subsequent hemorrhage from a ruptured cerebral aneurysm usually occurs during which time frame?