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Information on Geiko (Geisha)

What Geisha Do
Arts and Training
(work-in-progress)

Appearances and Rank
Learn how to tell a maiko's seniority, if a maiko or geisha is real, and important transitional steps in their career.

Geimyo
About geisha names

Geisha Terminology
Some Japanese and Kyoto-ben Vocabulary

Outside Links

Immortal Geisha
This site has tons of information on geisha and pictures too! If you wish to research geisha and maiko this is where you want to come.

Recommended Reading
(coming soon!)

 

 

Geimyo: Geisha Names

It is a practice in the karyukai to take on a professional name when joining the community formally as a new maiko or geisha. They will still go by their real names but not in the public eye, only in private. These new names are called "geimyo," their "profession names." They are derived from the woman who will act as the new girl's "oneesan" or "older sister" so many maiko and geisha will share names within a particular community. For example, Toshihana's younger sister is Toshifumi, and Toshifumi's younger sisters could be Toshiyue, Toshimari and Toshiteru. All share "Toshi".

Of course, the names don't always have to share the first part. For example, Suzuha is the older sister of Kotoha, who is the older sister of Yasuha. Each share and pass down "ha" in their line.

 

Kanji, Hiragana and Katakana

Kanji are the natively Chinese characters used in the Japanese language. These are the more complicated symbols you see in Japanese, like in karyukai (花柳界). Each character not only has multiple ways to read it, but each one also has multiple meanings.

Table

I’ve compromised a list of kanji, hiragana and katakana used in geiko and maiko names and their respective name readings. Names consist of two, sometimes three or even four parts. Therefore I’ve split the table up into sections dependent on if I've seen a character placed in the first, middle, or last part of the name. For hiragana or katakana combinations I left them in the first placement column or last.

Some characters therefore are listed twice, like . Some kanji like can change their reading depending on where it is in a name-- it is read as “kiku” when in the first part of a name, and “giku” or "kiku" when placed in the latter part of the name. 

Some kanji have the same reading whether placed in the front of a name or in the back, i.e. Suzuha (寿々葉) and Ichisuzu (市寿々).  This is common for kanji. For example the character is read as Mi or Ma but placement has little to do with how it is read. Really, you have to already know the name to know which reading to use (多満葉 Tamaha and満佐子Misako). Oppositely, some kanji can be read differently even with the same placement--花 for example can be read as "hana" or "ka" (Toshihana とし花 and Mamechika 豆知花). When making a geimyo try to keep it between 2-5 syllables.

In short, you cannot always tell a kanji's reading based on placement, but I've decided to keep my table with three separate rows based on placement anyway. If possible, I have also added the meaning(s) of the respective kanji but keep in mind these meanings do not nessassarily come to mind when saying one's name.

 

 

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First Placement

Middle Placement

Last Placement

Ko 小 (small)

Ichi 市 (market, city)

Mame 豆 (bean)

To 斗 (a measure of volume)

Hiragana Mame まめ

E 江 (inlet, bay)

Ta 多 (multi-)

Hiragana Fuku ふく

Katakana Fuku フク

Teru 照

Sato (country home, village)

Kiku 菊 (chrysanthemum)

Fu, Tomi  (weath, fortune)

Fu 冨

Yu 柚 (citron-a type of fruit)

Hiragana Toshi とし

Kimi 君 (you [masc. term for female)

Yuu, [Yu] 有 (possession)

Maki 槇 (Chinese black pine)

Koto 琴 (a type of Japanese instrument)

Taka 孝 (filial piety)

Kazu 和 (harmony, peace)

Aya 絢

Kana

Moto, Momo (hundred)

Hisa  (long time, old story)

Mi, Ma

Katsu かつ

Tsuru つる

Katsu

Ume (plum)

Hiragana Tane たね

Sa 紗 (silk gauze)

Ma 真 (just, right, pure, genuine, true)

Na 奈

Ma

Ya 弥

Koma (shogi pieces)

Ka 佳 (beautiful, good, excellent)

Mi 美 (beauty)

Suzu 寿々 (congratulations, long life)

Fuku 福 (good fortune)

Suzu 鈴 (small bell)

Teru 照

Waka 若

Sachi

MiSan 三 (three)

Mitsu 光 (light)

Tane (seed, kind, variety)

Take 竹 (bamboo)

To

Hiragana Kano かの

Naru

Hiragana Sada さだ

Ki 喜

Toyo 豊

Hiragana Tsuyu つゆ

Hiragana Tome とめ

Toshi 年 (year, age)

Ya 八 (eight)

Hiragana O

Hiragana Yuri ゆり

Haru (spring)

Sada

Kiyo

Hiragana Tsune つね

Chou (butterfly)

Hiragana dan だん

Hide

Hatsu (first, new, innocent, naive)

Hiragana Tomo とも

Hiragana Katsu かつ

Kin

Some

Yoshi (goodness, virtue)

Hiragana Tsuya つや

Hiragana Koya こや

Shizu  (quiet)

To

 

Chi 知

Ka 加 (addition, increase)

Mi 美 (beauty)

Chi 千 (thousand)

Hiragana tsu

Ri 梨 (pear)

Yu 由 (reason, cause)

Ki 喜

A 亜

I 衣 (clothes)

Yo 代 (world, society, generation, price, materials)

Yuu, [Yu] (friend)

Yo, Ho 帆 (sail)

Shi 志 (will, intention)

No 之 (this)

Hi 比 (ratio)

Su 須

E 恵

Yo 久 (long time, old story)

Fu

Hiragana Ne

Na 菜 (greens, vegetables)

Sa 紗 (silk gauze)

Ma 真 (truth, pure)

Na 奈

Ma

Ya 弥

Ka 佳 (beautiful, good)

 Ki

Ka, Ga

Man

To (Japanese style door)

E (main, important)

Man (10,000)

Ta (big)

Hi 比 (ratio, proportion)

 

Ko 子 (child)

Ha, You 葉 (leaf)

Yo 代 (world, society, price)

No 乃 (indicates possessive)

Ha 羽 (feather, wing)

Hiro 弘

Sono 園 (garden)

Koto 箏

EAi (love)

No (field)

Hiragana Rin りん

Hana Ka (flower)

Ma 磨

Toyo 豊

Ryou 涼

Ka 香 (lance, incense)

Chou (butterfly)

Ki 希 (rare, seldom)

Giku 菊 (chrysanthemum)

Mari 莉

Zu 司

Ri (reason)

O, I 生 (innocent, naive)

Iku 郁

Yuki 雪 (snow)

Ori 織 (weave, weaving)

Yuki, Kou (happiness, luck)

Sa 沙

Hiragana Miyo みよ

Fumi 文 (letter, writings)

Na 奈

Ka

Chou (beautiful, good, excellent)

Sen (folding fan)

Maru 丸 (circle, perfection, purity)

Mi  (beauty)

Ha (wave)

Hiragana Tsuya つや

Yakko 奴 (servant, fellow)

E

E (inlet, bay)

Zu, Ju

Hiragana Masa まさ

E

Hiragana Kara から

Ji (two)

Shou

Hatsu (innocent, naive, first, new)

Hiragana Ko

Rou

Ri 里 (home, village)

Hiragana Chihoちほ

Ro 呂

Yuki 幸 (happiness, wish, fortune)

Aya 彩

Ho 穂 (ear/head of plant)

Momo 桃 (peach)

Hiragana Hina ひな

Mari (burr, chestnut case)

Tsuru, Chizu, Duru (bird)

Hina (young bird, chick, doll)

Shi (good)

Chou (sign, omen, trillion)

Teru (light)

Haru

Ku (long time, old story)

Nao (furthermore, yet, further)

Hana はな

Ai あい

Namiなみ

Yuri ゆり

Yuu (gift)

Mie みえ

Fuku

Tomo

Hiro

Aki

Hana, Hide

Na (greens, veggies)

Ya (house, roof, shop)

Suzu 寿々 (congratulations, long life)

Su, Ju 寿 (congratulations, long life)

Fuku 福 (good fortune)

Suzu 鈴 (bell)

Teru 照

Waka 若

Zu

Mi

Ne, Ya

Teru

Yue

Fuku 福 (good fortune)

Ryuu (dragon)

Hiragana Kazu かづ

Hiragana Soyo そよ

Waka

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