THE LUNG CANCER AND CIGARETTE SMOKING WEB PAGE

Established January 1996, last updated May 3, 1999 and currently undergoing an extensive Spring cleaning.

The Page's Web Counter says that you are visitor number-

Lung cancer is the number one cause of cancer deaths in both men and women in the United States.

More than 160,100 Americans will die from lung cancer in 1998.

Only 12-15% of patients with lung cancer are being cured with today's treatments.

More than 90% of lung cancers are preventable.

Definition: ``A cigarette is a euphemism for a cleverly crafted product that delivers just the right amount of nicotine to keep its user addicted for life before killing the person.'' World Health Organization director-general Gro Harlem Brundtland

Recent polls indicate that, despite all accumulated knowledge on the subject of diseases caused by tobacco products, a shockingly high percentage of smokers continue to believe that their cigarettes will not cause them harm. This page is dedicated to changing this intolerable ignorance. It is my hope that anyone who visits here and browses through the pages of the Lung Cancer and Cigarette Smoking Web Page will leave with eyes open to the danger of lung cancer and other diseases caused by tobacco.

The overwhelming majority of lung cancers, greater than 90%, are caused by cigarette smoking. There are currently almost fifty million smokers in the U.S. and another fifty million are ex-smokers.

This means that approximately one third of the population of our country is at high risk for this terrible disease and for multiple other tobacco-related diseases, including cancers of the mouth, tongue, throat, larynx, esophagus, pancreas, bladder and kidney, and also at risk for coronary artery disease, peripheral artery disease, gangrene of the legs and stroke.

Please create a bookmark to this site before following a link to another web page. That way, you will be able to find your way back here in case you are disconnected.

If one picture is worth a thousand words, then perhaps the best place to start is with a few pictures of lung cancer. Lung Cancer gross pathology from Web Page at the University of Utah Pathology

An xray of the same tumor

I am a thoracic surgeon who lives in Long Beach, California, with twenty-five years experience in the diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer. On June 1, 1996 I joined the full time faculty of the City of Hope National Medical Center City of Hope, in Duarte, California, as Head of the Section of Thoracic Surgery.

This is a test version of a web page, first posted in January 1996, that represents an attempt on my part to provide smokers, lung cancer patients and their families with information on cigarette smoking cessation, lung cancer risk, diagnosis and treatment. Whenever my personal opinion is not concordant with current medical practice, I will try to point this out and explain my position.

The views expressed are my own and do not necessarily represent the opinions or positions of any of the organizations mentioned on this page or in any of the pages linked here.

It is important for the reader to realize that it is impossible to give accurate personal medical advice from a distance. Any information found here or in E-mail must be put into context by discussion with your private physician.

When you have finished browsing the page, I would greatly appreciate it if you would return here and fill out a brief questionaire that will help me in the future maintainance of this page. Questionaire

Also, before leaving this web page, I ask that you read the information in the FAQ "What can I do?". Our political leaders and our medical establishment have failed miserably in the control of tobacco-caused diseases. Nothing can be done to solve this enormous health care problem unless a large number of citizens demand change in their communities and in ballot boxes!

Please forgive any broken links. It is very difficult to maintain a stable page in a living, growing medium where pages and addresses change all too frequently.

Although this page is intended for the general reader, I get multiple requests for references for school research papers. I am currently building a References file that is available here. It is very much a work in progress.

It is important for people surfing the net for medical information to be sure to check on the qualifications of the person or group providing the information. This article by Dr. Barry Tepperman MD explains this concept in considerably greater detail.

My curriculum vitae and bibliography are viewable at these links

An effort will also be made to provide deeper layers of more specialized information on lung cancer for nurses, medical students, physicians in training and practicing physicians. Files written in technical language and intended for health professionals will be marked with an icon Some of this information is written by me, adapted from lecture notes and publications, and some is in the form of links to other web pages, that I have found to be particularly valuable. Some of the older material may have some information that is out of date.

27% of the E-mail and form responses I receive at this site comes from persons 21 years of age and younger. In an attempt to meet the special needs of this group, who represent a specific target group for predatory tobacco industry marketing and advertising, I have opened a new WWW page entitled the Young Person's Cyber-Library of Information on Tobacco and Tobacco-Caused Disease. Young people may wish to follow the link there now.

One glaring weakness of the page is the almost total absence of input from nurses. I welcome links and submissions of information on the nursing care of patients with lung cancer and other smoking related diseases, including palliative care and hospice care.

My experience with this page has been presented at two international chest medical conferences in Gdansk, Poland and in Dublin, Ireland. The abstracts of these presentations can be found at these links.

Gdansk

Dublin

The page is arranged into 4 sections.

The first,

Tobacco and the Public Health

section contains up-to-the minute news and information on tobacco caused diseases and tobacco-control legislation. Because of the enormous volume of newspaper reports, and legal and political events, this section of the page is frequently updated. While this section should logically have been placed last, I have pushed it to the front to emphasize the historic opportunity now open to us to bring a criminal industry to the bar of justice and to enact effective laws to control tobacco and enhance the public health.

The rest of the page is in a Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) format in three sections,

Questions, criticism, submissions, new links and suggestions are welcomed. I can be reached via e-mail at

Frederic W. Grannis Jr. M.D

If you have trouble contacting me with the address above, I may also be reached at 76516,[email protected] (e-mail through an internet server may require altering the address to [email protected]) or at [email protected]>

Tobacco Control Section

Save Lives, Not Tobacco: The Coalition for Accountability

is a new organization of tobacco control experts that has been formed to provide guidance to the American public during the current cycle of "Tobacco Settlement" bills now before Congress. We how have a a critically important opportunity to create meaningful national legislation on tobacco in order to stop the ongoing carnage in our society caused by tobacco products. The Lung Cancer and Cigarette Smoking Web Page strongly endorses the principles and policies of Save Lives, Not Tobacco as listed here.

SAVE LIVES has also been endorsed by former Surgeon General Everett Koop MD.

DR. KOOP'S LETTER ABOUT "SAVE LIVES"

December 17, 1997

Dear Friends and Colleagues:

The time has come for us and every ally we can muster across the country to dedicate our best strategies and efforts to fight for significant advances in national tobacco control policy.

Let us mobilize our energy and our talents. Let us get every local activist and national organization to seize this historic moment to save hundreds of thousands of lives and to spare millions of children and adults from nicotine addiction and debilitating disease. Let us expand the excellent work begun at the grassroots to make this truly a national campaign for the improvement of public health.

I endorse the principles and goals of "Save Lives, Not Tobacco: The Coalition for Accountability," and commend the Coalition's vigorous opposition to granting special privileges and protections to the tobacco industry."

Let us encourage the entire health community and health-related organizations to join together and bring the American public a safer and healthier environment. A united front will be of great significance in the months ahead as Congress creates tobacco legislation.

Sincerely

/s/ C. Evertt Koop, M.D. Sc.D.

Save Lives Not Tobacco: Principles

Save Lives Not Tobacco: Policies The Save Lives Web Page also contains a printable copy of the Koop-Kessler letter of February 17, 1998 to Congress. This will allow you to sign on as a co-signee of this important letter to Congress.

Also available at Save Lives are a number of brief Fact Sheetsfact sheets providing important information on aspects of tobacco caused illness.

On April 4, 1998 a group of retired Surgeon Generals sent this letter to Congress.

On April 20 Dr. Everett Koop addressed the Democratic Caucus on Senate bill S.1415, the McCain-Hollings Bill, which is slightly stronger than the "Global Tobacco Settlement Deal". The full text of Dr. Koop's hard-hitting and incisive analysis is available here. Dr. Koop's speech of 4/20/1998.

Ralph Nader also criticizes the McCain-Hollings Bill S. 1415 because of its unacceptable immunity provisions, including those protecting disreputable tobacco lawyers.

The full text of S. 1415 is still not available on the Web. Doonesbury gives his opinion of the "settlement" in a recent cartoon strip at Doonesbury

The American Lung Association and Public Citizen present an important APRIL FOOL message for you.

To read some important background information on this critical new development in the area of lung cancer, cigarette smoking, tobacco control and public health policy, follow this link to SettlementThis document arose out a series of Internet discussions at Settlement-talk and tp-talk.

Stanton Glantz PhD, a tobacco control expert and his colleagues at the University of California San Francisco have posted a detailed report on the proposed global tobacco settlement deal at UCSF

Joe Camel explains the "global tobacco settlement and the McCain bill S1415 at Mr. Camel Goes to Washington.

An open letter to the American Medical Association is also posted here. The AMA would not print this letter about doctor politicians who take money from tobacco companies. JAMA

Truth in advertising. The following links portray images that are much closer to truth in advertising than those formerly seen on billboards near your home and in your magazines.

"Put a noose around your neck" "Welcome to Marlboro Country" can be seen at http://www.gripvision.com/marlboro.gif

and Joe Chemo can be visited in his hospital bed at http://www-osf.wesleyan.edu/psyc/psyc260/icons/joechemo.jpg

These are both powerful graphic messages that some of my readers have attested to be useful as screen savers for people in the process of smoking cessation.

If you find it hard to believe that anyone would be cynical enough to deliberately create a cartoon character to try and lure small children into an addiction that will damage their health and longevity, visit this site at the U. of California San Francisco where you can read primary tobacco industry documents that prove this charge. Mangini Collection

Because of the large volume of news stories regarding tobacco industry regulation, it has proven impossible to keep up the What's new section of the page, which has no new information after May 1997.

What's New

area of the web page.

NO TOBACCO INDUSTRY IMMUNITY On december 9, 1997, the American Medical Association House of Delegates approved a resolution putting the AMA on record as opposing any Congressional immunity for the tobacco industry. This establishes very clearly that the House of Delegates wants to see its leadership uphold its prior policy on this issue. The resolution says: "The American Medical Association remains opposed to any form of civil immunity for the tobacco industry and remains opposed to giving the tobacco industry any other special legal advantages that would abridge the rights of individuals or groups of individuals who have been harmed by this industry." For information please contact Jonathan B. Weisbuch, MD, MPH, on 602-506-6601. Dr. Weisbuch, the Public Health Director for Maricopa County, Arizona is the AAPHP Delegate to the AMA and a co-chair of the AAPHP Resolutions Committee. Following is the text of a letter from former Surgeon General Everett Koop MD in support of the AMA resolution. December 5, 1997, Dear Colleages, I strongly endorse this important resolution. I believe that its adoption by the House of Delegates of the A.M.A. can advance anti-tobacco legislation in congress. Federal plea bargaining usually means limited immunity for full disclosure, but some punishment nonetheless. Tobacco companies are asking for full immunity for limited disclosure and no punishment. I think we can do better. I urge you to pass this resolution. Sincerely, C. Everett Koop, M.D.

Hall of Fame

Hall of Shame

Frequently asked questions about smoking and lung cancer

Section 1: Cigarette smoking and disease.

What is the history of lung cancer?

How do we know that smoking causes lung cancer?

Are other cancers caused by smoking?

Does environmental (second hand) smoke cause cancer?

What about smokeless tobacco?

What about cigars?

How does cigarette smoke cause cancer?

Does tobacco uses produce other (non-malignant) disease?

What has been done to reduce lung cancer mortality in the fifty years that we have known that smoking causes lung cancer? OR Why have we done so little?

What is the financial cost ot our society from damage caused by tobacco products?

What steps can we take to prevent the continued proliferation of the smoking habit?

How do we convince young people not to start using tobacco?

How do we know that cigarette smoking is an addiction?

How can we help a smoker kick the habit?

What is the risk that a smoker will develop lung cancer and other diseases?

I'm a woman. Lung cancer is a man's disease. Do I have to worry?

I am pregnant. Is smoking harmful to my unborn child?

What about men? Is smoking harmful to my future offspring?

I am a smoker. What should I do?

What can I do to help control tobacco? OR Don't get MAD, get JUSTICE!

There are a number of excellent sources on tobacco and tobacco-related diseases. Among the best are:

The Tobacco BBS, Gene Borio

The Master Anti-Smoking Page

ASH ASH

Tobacco Industry InformationThis is a beautifully put together web page crammed with documentation proving the duplicity of the tobacco industry.

Another fascinating resource is from the Columbia School of Journalism at ColumbiaFor example, if you are considering suing a tobacco company, the most experienced lawyers in this field can be found here.

The new issue (May/June 1996) of Mother Jones has multiple excellent articles on the politics of the tobacco wars. This material is viewable at Mother Jones web page at http://www.motherjones.com/Mother Jones

Larry Breed's Tobacco Activism Guide

A great place to look if you are interested in becoming an activist.

Educational and Statistical ResourcesFrom Indiana University.

Canada does a much better job of tobacco control than the U.S.A. does. For more information on tobacco from this fine web site, visit Canada National Clearinghouse on Tobacco and Health.)

A useful group of links to tobacco related sites can be found at New-Hoo

This page is very well done and has special interest because it is written by a man who has had lung cancer and is trying to help others avoid the problems he has gone through. Visit James F. Bethke The Plain Truth About Smoking.

The Center for Disease Control has a web site that will aid your search for information on tobacco and tobacco-caused diseases at http://www.cdc.gov/nccdphp/osh/search/index.htm. CDC

Is it ethical for an individual or a company to invest in tobacco companies? Visit the Calvert site for some information on the difficult topic of divestiture, and some possible solutions. This is a commercial site, but it contains valuable information not readily accessible elsewhere.

If you are not sure whether a mutual fund you hold invests in tobacco companies, you can check it out at "Know what you own.".

Section 2: Lung Cancer- Diagnosis

Why isn't lung cancer detected earlier?

For more information on screening click here>

How can we detect lung cancer earlier in the smoker?

What are the symptoms of lung cancer?

Why doesn't the American Cancer Society recommend screening for lung cancer?

What should be done when a screening test or a coincidental chest x-ray reveals a lung abnormality that might be a lung cancer?

What are the anatomical features of the lungs?

What items in the history of a lung cancer patient are most important?

What items in the physical examination of a lung cancer patient are most important?

What tests are important in the work-up of lung cancer?

What is emphysema, and why are pulmonary function tests important?

What is bronchoscopy?

What is a transthoracic needle biopsy?

What is the importance of time in the work-up and treatment of lung cancer?

Is managed care improving care of patients with lung cancer?

There is a wonderful web page at LUMEN, Loyola Medical School in Chicago with text, graphic and multimedia files concerning diagnosis of chest diseases edited by AJ Chandrasekhar MD

LUMEN for medical studentsand

LUMEN for graduate medical education. I recommend it highly to medical students, residents and practicing physicians. The sections on physical examination, thoracentesis and bronchoscopy are particularly well done.

ALCASE, the Alliance for Lung Cancer Advocacy, Support and Education is the premier organization offering information, assistance and a powerful public voice for lung cancer patients.

Section 3: Lung Cancer- Treatment

New data on surgical and radiation therapy treatment of lung cancer at the City of Hope National Medical Center, taken from a poster presented at the 8th World Congress on Lung Cancer in Dublin Ireland this August can be found here Dublin

An abstract of an oral presentation at the Society of Surgical Oncology national convention in San Diego in March 1998 on the topic of surgical treatment of lung cancer is found here SSO

When is surgery indicated in the patient with a mass in the lung?

What are the types of lung cancer, and why are they important?

What is "Staging" of lung cancer, and why is it important?

What are the alternatives for the treatment of lung cancer?

What are the results of surgical treatment of lung cancer?

What are the results of radiation therapy of lung cancer?

What are the results of chemotherapy for lung cancer?

What is a clinical trial (and what's in it for me)?

Are there other effective treatments of lung cancer?

What is a metastasis, and where do lung cancer metastases commonly occur?

How are lung cancer metastases to lymph nodes discovered?

How are distant metastases from lung cancer discovered?

What treatment is best for Stage I lung cancer?

What treatment is best for Stage II lung cancer?

What treatment is best for Stage IIIA lung cancer?

What treatment is best for Stage IIIB lung cancer?

What treatment is best for Stage IV lung cancer?

Who is qualified to provide surgical care for patients with lung cancer?

What is done during surgical treatment of lung cancer?

Can lung cancer be treated with minimally invasive surgery?

What is the risk of surgical treatment of lung cancer?

What is the post-operative period like? Will it hurt?

What is the period of disability?

Will there be permanent impairment?

Will additional treatments be required?

What follow-up is indicated in the care of patients with lung cancer after treatment?

Are there support groups for people with lung cancer?

The Alliance for Lung Cancer Advocacy, Support and Education, ALCASE (http://www.alcase.org) a non-profit organization can be contacted at 1601 Lincoln Avenue, Vancouver, WA 98660 or called at 360-696-2436 or 800-298-2436 (FAX 360-699-1944.

They have an excellent list of organizations that may be of help in education, information or support to patients with lung cancer.

What is a lung metastasis?

What is palliation?

How is palliation provided in case of brain metastasis?

How is palliation provided in the case of bone metastasis?

How is palliation provided in the case of airway obstruction?

How is palliation provided in the case of pleural effusion?

Further information on malignant pleural effusion

How is palliation provided in the case of pericardial effusion?

My doctor says there is nothing more that can be done.

REFERENCES:

Many readers are searching the Web for information for school research projects. This section contains references to primary sources for more detailed information on many of the topics covered in the Q+A sections. References:

For further information on lung cancer from the National Cancer Institute:

For more information on small cell lung cancerSmall cell lung cancer (Patient)

For more information on non-small cell lung cancerNonsmall cell lung cancer (Patient)

Small cell lung cancer (Physician)

Nonsmall cell lung cancer (Physician)

I have generally avoided links to

commercial web pages

, but some of these sites offer potentially useful products. Some links to such sites follow.

The No-Butz Web Page dedicated to a cleaner world for our children, free from the disgusting mar of discarded cigarette butts. " Its our world, not an ashtray."

I would like to thank the following web sites for the use of the backgrounds and icons, counters and other useful services used in this page.

Backgrounds The Background Sampler

H's colour seamless background tiles

Starting Point Starting Point

http://www.digits.com/

Web Form


I can be reached via e-mail at

Frederic W. Grannis Jr. M.D

I will make an effort to answer all non-commercial mail, but there may be significant delays.

Hosted by www.Geocities.ws

1