cntl/z - suspend the current command and return to the shell fg - can be used to resume the process at the terminal
or if several processes have been stopped then
fg %number - ie fg %3 will resume the 3rd process
bg - can be used to resume the process in the background
kill pid - can be used to terminate the process
jobs - will show all the processes stopped with cntl/z
. - run the script in the current shell ie:don't fork and create a new process to run the script in
. .profile # run the script .profile in the current shell
# this allows .profile to update our shell variables
commands to modify and create user accounts - usually run by superuser root
these UNIX commands are normally used by the super user account ROOT
to create new UNIX userids,
delete existing UNIX userids,
and change existing UNIX userids.
they also allow the UNIX super user
to mess with group id's.
for most of the stuff in the commands
you will need the powers of being a root superuser.
Sometimes these commands are not in your default path and
you will have to execute them by going to the directory the
are stored in which is usually
unix commands to move data to and from ms/dos floppy disks
these commands allow you to read your ms/dos floppy disks from UNIX,
and copy your UNIX data to floppy disks that can be read by
MS/DOS, and WINDOWS.
They are often called the mcommands.
Vinie doesnt know jack shit about the mcommands,
but iggi thought they were pretty cool.
They usually come in a a package called MTOOLS or MCOMMANDS.
All this documentation came from a SUN box.
And of course they are usually free.
They run on everything from those LINUX boxes, to those over priced SUN boxes,
HP, AIX, and all the other standard flavors of UNIX.1
And their not limited to floppy disks. One site I worked at had MTOOLS
set up so you could treat your files on the IBM MAINFRAME running MVS as
UNIX files. Such as:
mcat /sys1.linklib
mtools -
mattrib change attributes of files on ms/dos floppy disks - like unix chmod command or ms/dos attrib command
-
mtools -
mbadblocks
- finds bad blocks on a ms/dos floppy disk and marks them as bad
mtools - mcat - list, print, or dump the contents of file on ms/dos floppy disk. sometimes mtype is used instead. mcat a:msdos.file
mtools -
mcd
- cd to a directory on a ms/dos floppy disk
mtools -
mcopy
- copy a unix file to a ms/dos floppy disk, or , copy a file on a ms/dos floppy disk to unix. mcopy unixfile a:dos_disk.fil
for example:
mcopy a:autoexec.bat unix_autoexec_script
or
mcopy unix_script a:dosscript.bat
mtools -
mdel
- delete files on ms/dos floppy disk
BASH shell - bash see sh - bourne shell
see ksh - korn shell
see csh - C shell
along with the KORN shell the BASH shell is probably the most powerfull shell
bourne shell - sh see bash - BASH shell - Bourne again Shell
see ksh - korn shell
see csh - C shell
C shell - csh see bash - BASH shell - Bourne again Shell
see ksh - korn shell
see sh - Bourne Shell
C programmers often like this shell - because it you can program it like C
but after using the C Shell and the KORN Shell I think the
KORN Shell is much more powerfull then the C Shell
diff - compares 2 files and shows differences IBM'ers will be sick when they see that
diff does not die after finding 10 differences like IEBCOMPR
even if the files have hundreds of differences
diff will tell you what they are
eval - used to build commands from variables inputfile="mikes_file"
outfile=">the_out_file"
eval sort $inputfile $outfile
1) eval scan it once giving
sort mikes_file >the_outfile
2) eval executes the command
sort mikes_file >the_outfile
ex - a line editor that is part of vi see vi - which stands for VIsual editor
see vim - a fancy freeware version of vi
you can switch between vi and ex by
issuing the Q command in vi to switch to ex
or by
issuing the :vi command in ex to switch to vi
expr - do math or logic on an expression very usefull in writting scripts where math is required
to get the result go
a=10
b=100
x=`expr $a + $b`
echo "$a + $b = $x"
fake e-mail - the ends and outs on sending fake e-mail
false a program that always returns false when run
usefull in script testing
see true
fmt - simple formatting tool IBM users think of a simple script or DCF program
UNIX users think of simple nroff
UNIVAC users think of a simple @DOC program
grep - grep search for text and prints it grep was named after the ex and vi g command
g/RE/p
which means print all the lines which contain the regular expression RE
korn shell - ksh see sh - bourne shell
see bash - BASH shell
see csh - C shell
the webmaster says this is the most powerful shell along with the BASH shell which is a freeware version of the KORN Shell - and yes the webmaster has programmed in the C Shell
mtype
- list, print, or dump the contents of file on ms/dos floppy disk. same as mcat for all i can figure
make - makefile used to compile and link based on date of changes in source and object code
mail - send and receive e-mail mail is very usefull way to send mail in UNIX scripts
see mailx - a better mail program
see sendmail - the most powerfull program to send mail also the most confusing
see pine - an even better better mail program
see netscape - a real mail program as opposed to pine, mail, and mailx
see fake e-mail unix allows you to send fake e-mail
mailx - a e-mail program mailx is very usefull way to send mail in UNIX scripts
see mailx - a better mail program
see pine - an even better better mail program
see netscape - a real mail program as opposed to pine, mail, and mailx
see sendmail - the most powerfull program to send mail also the most confusing
see fake e-mail unix allows you to send fake e-mail
sleep - go to sleep for n seconds usefull in writting scripts, do something then wait, then do it again
for example to moniter a batch job till it finishes
sort - sort text sort can delete duplicate lines of text with the -u option
the UNIX sort is much more powerfull then the MS/DOS sort
su - temporarly log on as another user su allows you temporally suspend the current session
and logon as another user. the user can be the super user or just
another normal unix user
tail - list the end of a file usefull when your writting to a file and want to have
a 2nd window display whats at the end of the file as you
write to it
vi - a full screen editor ex - the line editor is a part of vi
you can switch between vi and ex by
issuing the Q command in vi to switch to ex
or by
issuing the :vi command in ex to switch to vi
see emacs - for the latest and greatest full screen editor
see vim - a fancy freeware version of vi
zcat - uncompress a file see gunzip, gzip, unzip, zip, pkzip, pkunzip, gzcat, zcat, tar, unzip, zipinfo
see compress
see uncompress
uses same logic as pkunzip
tin - read internet news groups read postings from internet news groups
post messages to internet news groups
you know alt.news, alt.2600, alt.sex
see trn - threaded read news program
see rn - read news
see nn
trn - read internet news groups read postings from internet news groups
post messages to internet news groups
you know alt.news, alt.2600, alt.sex
see tin - threaded read news program
see rn - read news
see nn