NAME
pine - a Program for Internet News and Email
SYNTAX
pine [ options ] [ address , address ]
pinef [ options ] [ address , address ]
DESCRIPTION
Pine is a screen-oriented message-handling tool. In its
default configuration, Pine offers an intentionally lim-
ited set of functions geared toward the novice user, but
it also has a growing list of optional "power-user" and
personal-preference features. pinef is a variant of Pine
that uses function keys rather than mnemonic single-letter
commands. Pine's basic feature set includes:
View, Save, Export, Delete, Print, Reply and For-
ward messages.
Compose messages in a simple editor (Pico) with
word-wrap and a spelling checker. Messages may be
postponed for later completion.
Full-screen selection and management of message
folders.
Address book to keep a list of long or frequently-
used addresses. Personal distribution lists may be
defined. Addresses may be taken into the address
book from incoming mail without retyping them.
New mail checking and notification occurs automati-
cally every 2.5 minutes and after certain commands,
e.g. refresh-screen (Ctrl-L).
On-line, context-sensitive help screens.
Pine supports MIME (Multipurpose Internet Mail Exten-
sions), an Internet Standard for representing multipart
and multimedia data in email. Pine allows you to save
MIME objects to files, and in some cases, can also initi-
ate the correct program for viewing the object. It uses
the system's mailcap configuration file to determine what
program can process a particular MIME object type. Pine's
message composer does not have integral multimedia capa-
bility, but any type of data file --including multimedia--
can be attached to a text message and sent using MIME's
encoding rules. This allows any group of individuals with
MIME-capable mail software (e.g. Pine, PC-Pine, or many
other programs) to exchange formatted documents, spread-
sheets, image files, etc, via Internet email.
Pine uses the c-client messaging API to access local and
remote mail folders. This library provides a variety of
low-level message-handling functions, including drivers
for a variety of different mail file formats, as well as
routines to access remote mail and news servers, using
IMAP (Internet Message Access Protocol) and NNTP (Network
News Transport Protocol). Outgoing mail is usually
handed-off to the Unix sendmail, program but it can
optionally be posted directly via SMTP (Simple Mail Trans-
fer Protocol).
OPTIONS
The command line options/arguments are:
address Send mail to address. This will cause
Pine to go directly into the message
composer.
-a Special anonymous mode for UWIN*
-d debug-level Output diagnostic info at debug-level
(0-9) to the current .pine-debug[1-4]
file. A value of 0 turns debugging
off and suppresses the .pine-debug
file.
-f folder Open folder (in default mail dir)
instead of INBOX.
-F file Open named text file and view with
Pine's browser.
-h Help: list valid command-line options.
-i Start up in the FOLDER INDEX screen.
-I keystrokes Initial (comma separated list of)
keystrokes which Pine should execute
on startup.
-k Use function keys for commands. This
is the same as running the command
pinef.
-l Expand all collections in FOLDER LIST
display.
-n number Start up with current message-number
set to number.
-nr Special mode for UWIN*
-o Open first folder read-only.
-p config-file Use config-file as the personal
configuration file instead of the
default .pinerc.
-P config-file Use config-file as the configuration
file instead of default system-wide
configuration file pine.conf.
-r Use restricted/demo mode. Pine will
only send mail to itself and functions
like save and export are restricted.
-z Enable ^Z and SIGTSTP so pine may be
suspended.
-conf Produce a sample/fresh copy of the
system-wide configuration file,
pine.conf, on the standard output.
This is distinct from the per-user
.pinerc file.
-create_lu addrbook sort-order
Creates auxiliarly index (look-up)
file for addrbook and sorts addrbook
in sort-order, which may be dont-sort,
nickname, fullname, nickname-with-
lists-last, or fullname-with-lists-
last. Useful when creating global or
shared address books.
-pinerc file Output fresh pinerc configuration to
file.
-sort order Sort the FOLDER INDEX display in one
of the following orders: arrival, sub-
ject, from, date, size, orderedsubj or
reverse. Arrival order is the default.
The OrderedSubj choice simulates a
threaded sort. Any sort may be
reversed by adding /reverse to it.
Reverse by itself is the same as
arrival/reverse.
-option=value Assign value to the config option
option e.g. -signature-file=sig1 or
-feature-list=signature-at-bottom
(Note: feature-list values are addi-
tive)
* UWIN = University of Washington Information Navigator
CONFIGURATION
There are several levels of Pine configuration. Configu-
ration values at a given level over-ride corresponding
values at lower levels. In order of increasing
precedence:
o built-in defaults.
o system-wide pine.conf file.
o personal .pinerc file (may be set via built-in
Setup/Config menu.)
o command-line options.
o system-wide pine.conf.fixed file.
There is one exception to the rule that configuration val-
ues are replaced by the value of the same option in a
higher-precedence file: the feature-list variable has val-
ues that are additive, but can be negated by prepending
"no-" in front of an individual feature name. Unix Pine
also uses the following environment variables:
TERM
DISPLAY (determines if Pine can display IMAGE
attachments.)
SHELL (if not set, default is /bin/sh )
MAILCAPS (semicolon delimited list of path names to
mailcap files)
FILES
/usr/spool/mail/xxxx Default folder for incoming
mail.
~/mail Default directory for mail
folders.
~/.addressbook Default address book file.
~/.addressbook.lu Default address book index
file.
~/.pine-debug[1-4] Diagnostic log for debugging.
~/.pinerc Personal pine config file.
~/.newsrc News subscription/state file.
~/.signature Default signature file.
~/.mailcap Personal mail capabilities
file.
/etc/mailcap System-wide mail capabilities
file.
/usr/local/lib/pine.info Local pointer to system admin-
istrator.
/usr/local/lib/pine.conf System-wide configuration
file.
/usr/local/lib/pine.conf.fixed Non-overridable configura-
tion file.
/tmp/.\usr\spool\mail\xxxx Per-folder mailbox lock files.
~/.pine-interrupted-mail Message which was interrupted.
~/mail/postponed-msgs For postponed messages.
~/mail/sent-mail Outgoing message archive
(FCC).
~/mail/saved--messages Default destination for Saving
messages.
SEE ALSO
pico(1), binmail(1), aliases(5), mailaddr(7), sendmail(8),
spell(1), imapd(8)
Newsgroup: comp.mail.pine
Source distribution: ftp://ftp.cac.washing-
ton.edu/pine/pine.tar.Z
Pine Technical Notes, included in the source distribution.
C-Client messaging API library, included in the source
distribution.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
The University of Washington Pine development team (part of the UW Office
of Computing & Communications) includes:
Project Leader: Mike Seibel.
Principal authors: Mike Seibel, Steve Hubert, Laurence Lundblade.
C-Client library & IMAPd: Mark Crispin.
Pico, the PIne COmposer: Mike Seibel.
Bug triage, user support: David Miller.
Port integration: David Miller.
Documentation: Sheryl Erez, Kathryn Sharpe.
PC-Pine for DOS: Mike Seibel.
PC-Pine for Windows: Tom Unger.
Project oversight: Terry Gray.
Principal Patrons: Ron Johnson, Mike Bryant.
Additional support: NorthWestNet.
Initial Pine code base: Elm, by Dave Taylor & USENET Community Trust.
Initial Pico code base: MicroEmacs 3.6, by Dave G. Conroy.
User Interface design: Inspired by UCLA's "Ben" mailer for MVS.
Suggestions/fixes/ports: Folks from all over!
Copyright 1989-1994 by the University of Washington.
Pine and Pico are trademarks of the University of Washington.
