United States National Park Service,
 More Than just National Parks

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Contents for This Page 
National Park Service Overview Park Service System ,  The Nation's Crown Jewels
National Park Service As A Governing Agency:  Resource Management Use / Infrastructure / EducationLaw Enforcement & Protection

The National Park Service

The National Park Service is the bureau within the Department of the Interior charged with protecting the Nation's natural, historical and scientific treasures.  The National Park System of the United States comprises 384 units covering more than 83 million acres in 49 States.  However only 54 sites bear the prestigious title of National Park.  These areas are of such national significance as to justify special recognition and protection in accordance with various acts of Congress. The National Park Service is responsible for managing these areas for the    enjoyment of the people in such a way that will leave resources "unimpaired for the enjoyment of future generations".

The National Parks System
The National Park Service System includes, National Parks;  National Monuments; National Preserves; National Historic Sites; National Memorials; National Battlefields; National ;  Cemeteries National Recreation Areas;  National Seashores; National Lake Shores;  National  Wild and Scenic River Systems;  National Parkways, and National Trails.  

The Crown Jewels
The title of National Park is reserved for the most spectacular natural areas with a wide variety of features. Only 54 of the 384 National Park Service units are designated as national parks.  America's 54 National Parks are referred to as the Nation's Crown Jewels.  The distinguished Crown Jewels of the National Parks System are Glacier National Park in Montana, Rocky Mountain National Park in Colorado, and Yellowstone National Park in Wyoming, overlapping into Montana and Idaho.  Yellowstone is the Worlds first National Park and it is the Nation's most spectacular Crown Jewel.

The National Parks System Caring for the American Legacy







 NPS Goals and Mission Statement
"...to promote and regulate the use of the...national parks...which purpose is to conserve the scenery and the natural and historic objects and the wild life therein and to provide for the enjoyment of the same in such manner and by such means as will leave them unimpaired for the enjoyment of future generations."

Photos Courtesy of NPS; Patch scanned by LM. Little

NPS as a Governing Agency
Resource Management


The National Park Service protects and regulates all species of wildlife, plants and habitat that fall within the boundaries of any national park.  In some cases the National Park Service makes attempts to re-introduce native species that have dwindling populations such as the The Wolf Re-Introduction Project in Yellowstone National Park.

Some resources  have to be regulated to prevent problems caused by over population, depletion of range land as a result of over grazing, wildlife management policies, and public relations.  An example of regulation is the Bison  in Yellowstone National Park.  Bison wondering outside the Park's boundary into Montana are subject to capture and slaughter when the herd exceeds 3000 head.

There have been attempts to eradicate non-native species that threaten the existence of native species.  In Yellowstone National Park, the Park Service and the Fish and Wildlife Service are using gill nets in Yellowstone Lake to trap and remove the illegally introduced Mackinaw Lake Trout which often eats  the smaller West Slope Cutthroat, Yellowstone's only native trout species.

Back Country
The opportunity to view wildlife is one of the main reasons people venture into the Back country.  The ever expanding human population, the transformation from an agricultural society to an industrial and now a technological based society has resulted in extensive urbanization and depletion of natural resources and wilderness areas.  Many species of wildlife that once roamed freely across the plains now only exist in the Nation's most remote and rugged landscapes and on federally owned reservations and preserves. The National Park Service trails system offers hikers and sight seers opportunities to view abundant wildlife and public access to the back country.

                Without federal protection many of our public lands would be exploited by developers and some our national treasures would be forever lost; especially those in Alaska and the Western states.  Seeing wildlife react in their natural environment away from all the crowds and noise is a great experience, but back country users should always use extreme caution around wildlife.  Many animals in our Nation's parks have become habituated to human presence while others have retained their natural fear of humans. The outcome of any wildlife encounter can be unpredictable and back country users should try to avoid surprise encounters.

There are several ways to experience the National Park Service System's Back Country. NPS has an extensive back country trails system in addition to the front country trails which are usually paved and wheel chair accessible.  Front country trails provide access to scenic overlooks and views of popular landmarks and natural features.  Back country trails provide direct access to secluded features in more remote areas of parklands. Park visitors can hike the NPS vast trails system independently or they can join NPS guided group hikes and attend regularly scheduled naturalist lead interpretive programs on a variety of park related topics.  
Infrastructure

Development and Maintenance of Roads, Buildings and Facilities within Park Boundaries




Photos taken by L.M.Little, NPS Maintenance, Yellowstone National Park

Division of Maintenance
The Maintenance Division of the National Park Service has the responsibility of maintaining park roads, buildings, and facilities for the enjoyment and benefit of the people.  NPS Maintenance Crews pick up litter along park roads and trails; clear snow and debris from roads; build and maintain trails; provide water for all park facilities; manage and maintain water and sewer treatment plants within the parks; operate and maintain campgrounds; collect all the garbage and refuse from campgrounds, lodges, resturants,etc. .

The NPS Maintenance Division provides park visitors with conveniences like paved highways and roads, flushable toilets and running water, maintained trails, and a relatively safe, clean environment. In short, the Maintenance Division provides park visitors with the all the comforts of home; at least the most  important ones like paved roads and clean drinking water.  The only exceptions being some of the parks in Alaska which have no roads or developed facilities within park boundaries.

All development within park boundaries is restricted and requires extensive environmental impact studies .

Law Enforcement and Protection
Park Rangers for the National Park Service patrol park roads, back country trails and areas   sensitive to poaching, respond to emergencies involving people and wildlife, and investigate crimes committed within park boundaries. Crimes committed on federally owned lands are federal offenses and prosecuted in United States Federal Courts.  Crimes that are normally considered minor offenses in urban America, such as vandalism , (the removal, destruction or alteration of natural features) are serious offenses on federally owned lands.  NPS Park Rangers attend a National Park Service Law Enforcement Academy to learn about specific issues related to national parks and federally owned lands prior to commission and appointment.

Naturalists and Interpretive Rangers
   Guided hikes, nature talks, and campfire programs are lead and presented by naturalists and interpretive rangers.  Naturalists are the parks educators and for many visitors, attending an interpretive program is as close to nature as they ever will get.  They present educational programs, lead group hikes, point out natural features and wildlife to visitors, inform the the public, give directions and interpret maps for  non-English speaking visitors, and answer countless questions.  The NPS Interpretive programs provide valuable educational resources and are  available to all ages. There are programs designed specifically for teachers and students plus activities just for kids.  Park visitors can learn about wildlife, fires, no trace camping and more.

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