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Pulse Position Modulation
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The type of modulation that is often referred to as FM modualtion in the RC airplane world is actually pulse position modulation.  When PPM is used a series of square pulses are sent out.  The distant between the pulses corresponds to the control on each of the different control channels.  For example if a 4 channel transmitter were being used 5 pulses would be sent out followed by a sync pause.  This series of The distance between the first and second pulses then corresponds to the control on channel one. 
The figure above shows a pulse frame for a 4 channel transmitter.  The controls that correspond to channels 2-4 are all in the neutral position.  The control on channel 1 is in the fully extended up position.  Notice that the distance between the first and second pulses is 2 ms whereas the distance between the rest of the pulses is 1.5 ms.  The sync pause gives the receiver time to decode the frame and send the correct signals out to the servos.  Then the next frame begins.
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