Introduction
Effect on body
Pitch and feeling
What is Music therapy?
Studies-West and India
What is Raga?
Ragas and Moods
What is Rasa?
The Expression
Responses
Music and Ayurveda
Role of Rhythm
Melodies and Moods
Ancient Literature
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THE EXPRESSION OF RAGAS
A very long time ago, the founders of Raga system went to the inner depths of the nature of notes and deciphered and decoded the proper expression of every note. According to the findings of the Sages Sa and Ma expresses peace and calm. Re expresses toughness and inflexibility. Ga and Dha evoke feelings of seriousness and sobriety. Pa expresses a jovial, gay and happy mood and Ni evokes sadness (shudh notes).
Re (komal) - feminine, tender, and delicate
Ga (komal) - symbol of passionate request
Dha (komal) - loving
Ni (komal) - evokes the sentiment of love, desire, satisfaction and peace
Ma (Tewra) - expresses intense and acute feelings
This in the beginning, was the foundation on which the edifice of Raga expression was built.
EFFECTS OF INDIAN RAGAS IN CURING HUMAN AILMENTS
All the Ragas do not have the same effect on every human being. The effect depends on the level of emotional disturbances and emotional set-up of the individual.
Studies carried out so far on Ragas and the feelings evoked by them:
1. Four musical excerpts consisting of twenty minute recordings on Ravi Shankar Sitar recitals of four Ragas viz.Kafi, Mishra Mand, Puriya Dhanashri and Rageshri were played through a tape recorder. Students numbering 37 between the age range of 22 to 30 years acted as respondents. Osgood's Semantic differential technique was used for measuring the psychological meaning of things in music. The basic question in the mind of researcher was "What do you think this music is like (Virmani 1968). The responses received from the experimental listeners are as follows.
RAGA RESPONSES
Rageshri Evening, Dark, Somber, Deep
Kafi Gaiety, Devotion, Romance, Pleasantness
Puriya Dhanasri Physically tired, Evening, longing, grave, dark, somber
II. Dr.Ambujam and her husband DrRaman's experimental study in the US hospitals using Carnatic Ragas also identified the responses as follows
RAGA RESPONSES
Khamas Sensual love
Nadanamakriya Gentleness
Neelambari Sleep, Relaxation
Hamsadvani Exhilaration
adyamavati Great aesthetic, equilibrium
III. Altekar (1968) observed that Ragas like Shankara, Patdeep, Hindole, have proved good in bringing behavioural changes in children of 8 to 18 years of age.
IV. Dr. Thambe(1994) found that Raga Bhairavi was effective in cases of schizophrenia.
V. Raga Shivaranjini help to improve memory and cure psychiatric disease.
VI. Raga Todi helped to reduce tension and Blood Pressure while the combination of Raga Todi and the Raga Bhoopali had a soothing effect in cases of Blood Pressure.
Curtsey : Dr P.Bharathi. MD, Physiologist and Music Therapist.
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