DIURETICS

Increase production and secretion of urine hence remove Na+ ions leading to lower pressure on the arteries

Cyclothiazide

Bumetanide

Fluid depletion

Electrolytic imbalance (K+ supplement given to compensate)

SYMPATHOLYTICS

Beta Blockers

Slows heart rate

Acebutolol

Metoprolol

Timolol etc.

Bronchoconstriction in asthmatics

Alpha Blockers

Inhibit release of norepinephrine hence decreases heart excitation

Doxazosin

Prazosin

May cause hypotension

Presynaptic Adrenergic Neurotransmitters Depletors

Inhibit release of norepinephrine hence decreases heart excitation

Guanadrel

Reserpine

May cause hypotension

GI disturbance

Centrally Acting Drugs

Inhibit release of sympathetic neurotransmitters

Clonidine

Methyldopa

Minor: Dry mouth, dizziness

Ganglionic Blockers

Block synaptic transmission at autonomic ganglia.  They are nicotinic cholinergic antagonists

Mecamylamine

Trimethaphan

Multiple side effects: GI discomfort, hypotension

VASODILATORS

Dilate the peripheral vasculature, inhibit smooth muscle contraction

Diazoxide

Minoxidil

Increased heart rate, dizziness, hypotension, weakness, headaches,  increases hair growth (Rogaine)

ANGIOTENSIN CONVERTING ENZYME INHIBITORS

Inhibits enzyme that coverts Angiotensin to Angiotensin II

Benazepril

Captopril

Well tolerated: allergic reaction may occur, GI discomfort

CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKERS

Block entry of Ca2+ ions into smooth muscles hence inhibits contractile process

Diltiazem

Felodipine

May cause excessive vasodialation, hypotension, dizziness etc.