|
CH 251,, Respiratory Drugs, Skeletal Muscle Relaxants,
Antihypertensive Drugs, Angina Pectoris,
Cardiac Arrhythmias,
Congestive Heart Failure,
Coagulation
Disorders and Hyperlipidia, Endocrine Pharmacology,
Male and Female Hormones,
Thyroid and Parathyroid,
Diabetes
Final Exam Objectives
TREATMENT
OF ANGINA PECTORIS
Pain in the chest because of lack of oxygen supply to
the heart.
Pain in the jaw or left arm may occur because of this.
|
Therapy
|
Explanation
|
Example
|
Adverse
Effects
|
|
Organic
Nitrates
|
All
are usually prodrugs. They dilate smooth vascular muscles hence decrease
amount of blood coming into the heart
|
Nitroglyerine
Isosorbide
dinitrate
|
Headache,
dizziness and hypotension on occasional use.
|
|
Beta
Blockers
|
Antagonists,
decrease heart rate thus decreasing demand for oxygen.
|
Acebutolol
Metoprolol
Timolol
etc.
|
Bronchoconstriction
in asthmatics
|
|
Calcium
Channel Blockers
|
Block
entry of Ca2+ ions into smooth muscles hence inhibits contractile process
|
Diltiazem
Felodipine
|
May
cause excessive vasodilation, hypotension, dizziness etc.
|
Types of Angina
|
Angina
|
Cause
|
Treatment
|
|
Stable
|
Demand
for oxygen more than supply
Brought
about by physical exertion
|
Beta
blockers or long acting nitrate
|
|
Variant
|
Oxygen supply decreases because of coronary
vasospasm;
May
occur when patient at rest
|
Ca
channel blocker
|
|
Unstable
|
Oxygen
supply decreases when oxygen demand increases;
May
occur anytime
|
Combination
of drugs
(Ca
channel blocker + beta blocker)
|
Rehabilitation Concerns:
-
PT and OT must be aware of patients who are under medication for angina
-
Drug should always be handy
-
Prevent tense movements
-
Watch for dizziness
|