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,jo.;
03
tUlk.; 01 |
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thd;;;-,af;ftpay;.
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fUj;jhf;fk; |
Rating
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Rating
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vdNt nkhj;j mKf;fk;
khwhj NghJ (thd; ,af;ftpaypy; nkhj;j mKf;fk; tspkz;ly
mKf;fkhFk;) Ntfk; mjpfupf;f mKf;fk; FiwAk;> mKf;fk;
Fiwa Ntfk; $Lk;. |
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jw;NghJ fUtpDs;s vjpNuw;wKs;s gPw;whf;fis (b)
gad;gLj;jy; Fwpj;J gpu];jhgpf;fg; gLfpwJ. Vnddpy; mJ jpzptw;wJld;
kiwNaw;wKs;sJ MFk;. MfNt ,yFthf Mu;KLf;f KbtJld; ,yFthf fUtpdhy;
ftug;gl;L fUtpDs; Gije;J nfhs;Sk;.
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| ,yj;jpudpay;
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;kz;byf;nfhs;if |
Rating
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rpypf;fd;> N[u;khdpak; Nghd;wit gpizg;gpw;F 4 ,yj;jpud;fis
tpLtpg;gd. ,tw;Wld; gpizg;gpw;F 3 (B)
my;yJ 5 (As,
Sb) ,yj;jpud;fis tpLtpf;Fk; %yfq;fis khrhf fye;J gad;gLj;Jk;
NghJ mUl;lg;glhj epiyapNyNa mjhtJ rf;jpiag;ngwhj epiyapNyNa
,yj;jpud; kpif my;yJ ,yj;jpud; gw;whf;Fiw (Jis) fhzg;gLk;.
vdNt rhjhuz epiyapNyNa ,lk;ngaUk; ,yj;jpud; %yk; kpd;idf;
flj;Jk;.
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mg;ghijahdJ N]hbq;fupdhy; gpd;tUk; rkd;ghl;lhy; jug;gl;lJ.
-h2 (g2w/gx2
+ g2w/gy2
+ g2w/gz2)/(8p2m)
+ vw = EW
,q;F Xgpw;wy;
(orbital)
vd;gJ ,yj;jpuidf; Fwpf;fhJ vd;Wk; mJ Kg;gupkhdg; ghijapy;
,yj;jpud;fs; fhzg;gLk; epfo;jfT $ba gpuNjrk; vd;Wk;
mtuhy; $wg;gl;lJ.
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| #upakz;ly
,ufrpak; |
Kjd;ik
vz;fs; |
Rating
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ntg;gepiy 10 ,yl;rk; ghif MdJk; rhjhuz ,urhadj; jhf;fq;fis
tpl fjpu;jhf;fq;fs; Muk;gpj;jJ. me;epiyapy; ngupa %yfq;fs;
mjhtJ mZg;gUkd; $ba %yfq;fs; gpsTw;W rpwpa %yfq;fshfpd. gpd;du;
ntg;gepiy NkYk; mjpfupf;f Gzu;e;jd. mit jPu #upadpd; ntg;gepiy
2 Nfhb ghifia mile;jJk; ,d;W fhzg;gLk; C-N
njhlu; jhf;fk; Muk;gpj;jJ.
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vdNt fhuzpahf xw;iw vz;fNs mikaKbAkhjyhy; ,uz;bw;F mLj;j xw;iw
vz;zhd %d;wpypUe;J xt;nthU xw;iw vz;zhf
mjhtJ 3+2, (3+2)+2
Mf Öx
tiu tFj;jhy; NghJkhdJ.
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| rhu;Gf;nfhs;if |
;mwpNthk;
jiytu;fs; |
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;milahs ml;ilf;fhf xU Gifg;glf;fhuuplk; Gifg;glk; gpbf;fr;nrd;why;
ekJ Kd;GwkpUe;Nj Gifg;glk; gpbf;fNtz;LNknahopa trjpahf ,Uf;;fpwnjd;gjw;fhf
gpd;GwkpUe;jy;y. vjd; rhu;ghf Xa;T epiy Njitg;gLfpwNjh mjd;
rhu;ghf mjhtJ fUj;jiktpy; mij Xa;tpw;F nfhz;LtUtjd; %yk; rhu;ig
Nkw;nfhs;sNtz;Lk;.
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fLk;Nghf;fhsuhd ,tu; jkJ topfhl;bahd nydpd; topapy; fk;kpAdPrj;ij
tsu;j;njLj;jhu;. mt;topapy;> mjw;nfjpuhd mnkupf;fhit vjpu;g;gjw;fhf
gy kdpj cupik kPwy;fis ,tu; Nkw;nfhz;likahf $wg;gLfpd;w NghJk;
fk;kpdPrj;ij mopa tplhJ tsu;j;njLj;jhu;.
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| mwpNthk;
ehLfis |
,e;j
,jo; Kjy; ,yj;jpudpay; njhlu; Muk;gk;... |
Rating
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,q;fpyhe;JlNdNa Nghf;yhe;J jPT njhlu;ghd gpur;rpidapy; Nghupy;
<Lgl;likahy; gpugy;akhd ehL.
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thd; ,af;ftpay;