Lesson 3. Idiomatism. Adverbs

Proslava Tutorial and Dictionary

Travel Language Study for Eastern Europe. Russia, Ukraine, Poland

Lesson 2. Basic Agreement and Word Order. Where are the articles?

Lesson 3. Idiomatic Word Groups. Adverbs.

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Consolidators Flights, Wholesale Airfare Flights to Russia, Europe, How to use Flights

American Schools in Poland. Learn Polish Language Fast & Easy

Summer Schools in Russia, Ukraine. Work & Travel Europe - Russia, Ukraine

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Work in Slovakia, Czech. Learn Slovak, Czech Language Fast & Easy

American Schools in Poland. Learn Polish Language Fast & Easy

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EASY Slavic Language. MOST FREQUENTLY USED WORDS Glossary. English to Proslava

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Numerals. How to count in Proslava.

Major word roots list. Vowel change.

Particles - Prepositions, prefixes, conjunctions. Idiomatic usage.

Grammar Tables. Basic Rules and Principles of Proslava

EASY Slavic LANGUAGE & TRAVEL. Proslava Links Page

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Reading Rules

-- A as in bAr
-- B as in Boy
-- C as in baTS
-- CH as in CHurCH
-- D as in Doll
-- E as in dEbt
-- F as in Fat
-- G as in Get
-- H as in loCH ness monster
-- I as in bIt or bEAt
-- IE as in french word bIEn or lIEn
-- J as in Yellow
-- K as in Kit
-- L as in foLLow
-- L' as in Lien
-- M as in Maid
-- N as in No
-- O as in fOrt
-- P as in Pop
-- Q - special
-- R as in aRRiba
-- S as in Saw
-- SH as in SHe
-- T as in Torn
-- T' as in Tears
-- U as in pUt
-- V as in Victor
-- W - special
-- X as in boX
-- Y as hard I (Southern pEOple)
-- Z as in Zoo
-- ZH as in french (sorry!) Jean.
-- ' (apostrophy) shows that a preceding sound is soft (here's an example : first L in Little is soft
-- last L is hard)

Reading Practice

 

Let's see how good we are at reading now.
Please, read aloud, until you start feeling exhausted, fluent, comfortable, and satisfied.
You could report your results and sensations to me. I sure will appreciate your feedback here, positive, or otherwise ...

Read names : James - Dzhejms, Jawhn - Dzhon, Jack - Dzhek
New York - Nju Jork, Washington - Vashingt`on, Moscow - Moskv`a, Marib`or, Ljublj`ana, Bratisl`ava, K`iev, G`omel', Paris - Par`izh, BerlIn, Rome - Rim, Warsaw - Varsh`ava, Belgrade - B`eograd, Vien - V`iena

Read nations : Europe - Eur`opa, Asia - `azija, America - Am`erika, Argentine - Argent`ina, Brasil - Braz`ilija
Russia(n) - Ross`ija, R`usske, America(n) - Am`erika, Amerik`anske, Germany, German - Germ`anija, Germ`anske, Bosnia(n) - B`osna, B`osanske, Slovenia(n) - Slov`enija, Slov`enske, Poland, Polish - P`olska, P`olske

Read months : janu`ar, febru`ar, mart, apr`el, maj, jun, jul, `august, sent`aber, oct`aber, noj`aber, dek`aber
v janu`are (= in January), v febru`are, v m`arte, v apr`ele, v m`aje, v j`une, v j`ule, v `auguste, v sent`abre ( NB. 'ber' loses its 'e' when adds an ending), v okt`abre, v noj`abre, v dek`abre.

Attention : Do not attempt to read 'Are' in 'v janu`are' as in 'we are home'! It is ' A - R - E ' , plain and simple - almost like in 'stARRing'.

Read aloud for 7 times : J`a sem Dzhon. Moj m`eno je Dzhon. J`a sem ni Mar`ija. J`a sem Dzhon. Moj m`eno je ni B`oris. Moj m`eno je Dzhon.

J`a sem - T`y sesh - `on je, `ona je, `ono je - M`y smo - V`y ste - `ony su
J`a sem ni d`ome, j`a sem na rob`ote. T`y sesh ni d`ome, t`y sesh v Par`izhe. `on je ni d`ome, `on je v M`oskve. `ona je ni d`ome, `ona je v Marib`ore. M`y smo ni d`ome, m`y smo v gr`ade s`ada. V`y ste ni d`ome, v`y ste na rob`ote. `ony su ni d`ome, kud`e su `ony? `ony su v hospit`ale.

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Once you know that : ja sem = I am, ja sem ni = I am not, v Parizhe = in Paris, na robote = at work, dome = (at) home, moj meno = my name, ty sesh = you (thou) are, on je = he is, ona je = she is, ono je = it is, my smo = we are, vy ste = you are, ony su = they are, v grade = in town (downtown), sada = now, hospital = hospital,
would you be willing to translate whatever you have read for 7 times and email me your English version?

Don't stress byt' ('to be') forms - sem, sesh, je, smo, ste, su. Always put a stress on the preceding word : j`asem, t`ysesh, `onje, m`ysmo, v`yste, `onysu

Don't stress 'ni' particle ('not'). Always put a stress on the following word : nid`ome, nib`oris, nimar`ija.

Now read it again, the right way. And memorize these phrases, too. They represent some very typical grammar patterns.

 

 

 

Easy Adverbs of Proslava

 

And now the time has come to learn a new material - I would suggest some useful idiomatic expressions and adverbs ...

Adverbs (words in English like : soon, early, late, thoroughly, busily ...) in Proslava normally end on -o, -e endings. More often -o. Sometimes something else, very different, and they call it exceptions to the rules. The ending is normally NON - accented, that is, stressless. Examples : b`erzo, r`ano, d`ome, dod`om ('dod`om' has no ending attached)

b`erzo -- quickly
ch`e je se? -- What is this?
ch`e je to? -- What is that?
do moj d`om -- to my home (place)
do rob`ota -- to work
do vid`enje -- good bye
d`obra noch' -- good night
d`obro -- OK, fine
d`obry den -- good day (afternoon)
d`obry r`ano -- good morning
dod`om -- (to) home
d`ome -- (at) home
j`a sem z -- I am from
:: J`a sem z Eur`opa, j`a sem z M`oskva
j`asno -- clearly, sure thing
k`o je sa? -- Who is this (female)?
k`o je sej? -- Who is this (male)?
k`o je ta? -- Who is that (female)?
k`o je toj? -- Who is that (male)?
kon`echno -- finally
l`egko -- easily
l`epo -- pretty, nice, good
m`alo -- little, few
mn`ogo -- much, many
moj m`eno je -- My name is
m`ozhe -- maybe, possibly
na m`ojaj rob`ote -- at my work
na rob`ote -- at work
n`ema/je -- there is no/there is, there are no/there are
:: Nema niche dome (There's nothing at home),
:: Je mnogo knigy na robote ( There are lots of books at work).
nich`e -- nothing
nik`ada -- never
nik`o -- nobody
odk`uda ste? -- Where are you from?
pop`erve -- at first, first thing
pr`osto -- simply
s`ada -- now
sam -- alone
s`e je/s`i su -- this is/these are
sech`as -- right now, right away
sed`en -- today
sk`oro -- almost, soon
s`utra -- tomorrow
t`o je/t`i su -- it is, this is/those are
:: T`o je moj d`om (That is my house),
:: T`o je za r`ano s`ada (it's too early now).
v m`ojim d`ome -- in my house, at my home
vch`era -- yesterday
vs`ada -- always, for ever
vse -- everything
vsi -- everybody
za m`alo -- too little/too few
za mn`ogo -- too much/too many
zdr`avi -- bless you, Gesundheit
zdr`avijte -- bless you (all), Gesundheit
zdr`avo -- Hello, Hi

 

 

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