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There are many pool terms out there and I can not possibly bore you with all of those terms. So here I have created a short terminology with basics you should familiarize yourself with.
Cue ball: The white ball. It's the only ball that the cue is allowed to touch.
Object ball: The first ball that the cue ball hits.
Break: The break occurs at the very beginning of a game. When a game starts, somebody has to hit the cue ball first, sending into the neatly racked colored balls.
Pocketing a ball: Getting a ball into a pocket.
Scratch: Whenever you hit the cue ball or an opponent's ball into a pocket, you have "scratched" and will be penalized.
Frozen: When an object ball is directly touching another ball or the wall of the table. These balls can be tough to hit properly.
Position play: Is the act of hitting the cue ball with the necessary speed and spin to get the cue ball to end up someplace on the table where you'll be able to get the next ball in easily.
Cut: When you hit a cue ball squarely into an object ball, the object ball will move in a straight line. However, if you cut, that means that you hit the cue ball so that it hits the object ball on the side, allowing the object ball to travel at an angle.
Banking a shot: This is when you hit the cue ball, the cue ball hits an object ball, and the object ball bounces off a wall of the table. If you can bank a shot into a pocket, it means that you are good or lucky.
Combination: This is when you hit the cue ball into an object ball, which in turn hits a second object ball.
Draw: You don't have to hit the cue ball square in the middle; if you like, you can hit the cue ball towards the bottom, creating spin. That way, when it hits the object ball, the cue ball will roll back towards you.
Topspin: an effect that makes the cue ball spin forward at a greater rate of spin than if it were rolling naturally.
English: This is when you hit the cue ball on the right or left side so that it spins.