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MEASUREMENT IN SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
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Motion : - A body is said to be in motion when its position changes continuously with respect to a stationary object taken as a reference point. Locomotion : - The movement in animal is known as locomotion. Distance : - The total distance covered by a body from the initial position to arrive at the final position is called distance. Displacement : - The shortest distance measured from the initial to the final position of a body is known as the displacement. Vectors : - Physical quantities which need to be specified by magnitude as well as direction are called vectors or vector quantities. Scalars : - Quantities, which can be specified by magnitude, only are called scalars or scalar quantities. Uniform motion : - If a body covers equal distance in equal intervals of times it is said to be in uniform motion. Non-uniform motion : - A body is said to be in non-uniform motion if the distance moved by it in equal intervals of time is not the same. Speed : - The distance moved by a body in unit time is called its speed. Unifrorm Speed :- When a body covers equal displacement in equal intervals of time it is said to be uniform speed. Non-Unifrorm Speed :- When a body covers unequal displacement in equal intervals of time it is said to be non-uniform speed. Average Speed : - Total distance travelled by a body per unit time is known as average speed. Velocity : - The distance moved by a body in a given direction in unit time is called its velocity. Average Velocity : - The mean of initial velocity and final velocity is known as average velocity. Acceleration : - The rate of change of velocity is known as acceleration. Reatardation : - THe rate of decrease in velocity is known as Retardation. Circular Motion : - When a body moves in a circular path With constant speed is known as CIrcular motion. |
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