INDEX

IDEAL SUNTRACKER
So think of making an ideal suntracker. The first problem is that when you shift sun tracker from one position to another position, you have to arrange the sun tracker so that it remain perpendicular to light. In the above circuit you should adjust the variable resistor in series with LDR to make sun
tracker perpendicular to light. There should be an option for suntracker to align automatically. Think you are having a company of making Sun Trackers. In that case this circuit is a big disadvantage. The other disadvantage is the use of multiple power supplies +/-12V. Mainly the problem of generating -ve voltage. In this case you require two 12V battery to do this. This increases the cost of the circuitary. Third is the power consumption, here we are keeping the tracker is kept ON all the day,but
the sun changes a degree in 12/180 hour(assuming the whole day is 12hour). So this situation has to be solved to make an ideal suntracker. Now let's talk of microcontroller especially atmega32 which contains 8 analog to digital converters which will convert the analog voltage to digital voltage for microcontroller. If you don't know what is a microcontroller then you just think of parallel port of a computer. In that you run a C program to control port. The case is almost same with microcontroller. But you use ADC to convert analog input to digital input. But this ADC in inside this chip. If you use microcontroller then the adder cum subtractor circuit and the reference voltage circuit will come inside the microcontroller. Second thing you can program the microcontroller in such a way that first it will test for the direction of maximum intensity. So you write algorithm so that first it test the direction of maximum intensity first for both the axis and align. The Vmin(sensitivity) is adjusted inside the microcontroller. There is sleep mode in a microcontroller. So you have to start the timer inside the microcontroller and put microcontroller to sleep mode so that after a time of 1 degree change the microcontroller will wake up and the direction is changed. In sleep mode of  microcontroller the power consumption of the microcontroller is too low. Therefore the circuit
using microcontroller avoid the requirement of manual adjustment to the sun(a very boring task), power consumption low and avoid the usage of multiple power supplies. Power consumption of microcontroller is less than the chips we used. Here is a block diagram.