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Background:
Scientists developed Ground Effect Craft (G.E.C) because our world is getting
smaller and as a Global community people are calling out for faster, more
efficient means of sea transport for both cargo and people. A ground effect
craft can meet these challenges. It is nearly as fast as Aircraft but uses much
less energy to fly, it can land and take off from water or land. It flies but
doesn't need an airport and it can carry passengers or cargo. Studies indicates
that a properly configured Ground Effect Craft can operate at up to 40% less
fuel burn than an equivalent sized and loaded aircraft, this makes fast cheap
marine transport a viable alternative to air transport, in an ever increasingly
cost conscious global market place.
Construction of floating platform on the sea/ lake surface:
On costal region: On the costal regions, the amplitudes and activities of the waves is maximum, but the depth of the sea will be lower. Because of the depth is lower, we can construct concrete supporting stands from sea bottom and can wire electrical cables through that supporting stands even if increasingly activated waves are present in these regions.
Distant sea: Amplitudes and activities of the waves will be lowered and the sea will be more stable in the remote regions. In a more stable distant sea, we can construct floating platforms and can wire electric cables through the floating platforms.
Spacing of the installation of floating platforms and wiring of electric cables through the platforms:
The length of a floating platform is about 500meter, width is about 1feet and height from the sea surface is about 1meter. The electric cables are wired through above the platform. After the 500meter long floating platform, the electric cables are going to the next 100 meter of distance through (insulated cable) about 25meter below the sea surface. After 100meter, the floating platform and the electric cable are reappears to the sea surface to 500meter. Then, after the 500meter long floating platform, the100meter of electric cables are again going through 25meter below the sea surface and so on (see.fig). Since the distance between two floating platforms are 100meter, ships and boats can pass through the spaces.
The connecting shaft and counter weight:
The 100meter of insulated electric cables between two floating platforms are wired through a 100meter long connecting shaft (25meter below the sea surface). The connecting shaft connects two floating platforms together and also working as a counter weight. The counter weight maintains the floating platforms always in straight vertical.
Floating platform:
The floating platforms are constructed with low weight, less corrosive material or good strength air bags. A 500meter long floating platform is constructed with a number of small floating units. Each units are connected with turning pair mechanisms. With the help of the turning pairs that fixed in-between every floating units, the wave / wind energy will be absorbed by the floating platform. Every units can oscillate or slightly slide in both direction individually, when waves or winds are present, but it will not affect the total alignment of the floating platforms. The connecting shafts are tied to the sea bottom.
Tying of the connecting shafts to the sea bottom:
The connecting shafts are tied to the sea bottom to both sides with the help of anchors.
Anchors:
The anchors can be made with concrete blocks with sufficient masses. Hooks are provided on the anchors for tying the corrosion resistant cables to that. The anchors can simply drop to the sea bottom from ships.
Electric cable: One pair( phase & neutral) of electric cables are wired through the floating
platform (see.fig).
Rechargeable battery inside the vehicle:
Rechargeable batteries are provided inside the vehicles. The rechargeable batteries delivers electric energy when the vehicle flies the100meter of distances between every floating platforms.
Electric contact: Spring electric wire with two internal cables (for
phase & neutral) are provided from the bottom of vehicle. The electric
contacts provided on the other end of the spring electric wire will mesh with
the electric cable, that wired on the floating platform when the vehicle flies
near above of the floating platform. When the electric contacts meshes to the
electric cables, the electric power will be transmitted to the rechargeable
battery inside of the vehicle and also to the electric propellers of the
vehicle. When the electric contacts touches to the electric cable, the electric
propellers consumes electric energy directly from the electric cables and also,
the batteries will be charged. The spring electric wire maintains the contact
with the electric cables when the vehicle moves upward or downward direction or
slightly both sides, with the help of its expansion or contraction.
Working:
When the spring electric contacts touches to the electric cables and the
electric propellers are turned on, the propellers will rotate. Now the craft
will move on the sea surface. As the velocity increased to the lift velocity,
the craft will take off from the sea surface. After the 500meter of distance,
the floating platform ends. Now the electric propellers consumes electric energy
from the batteries inside the vehicle. Then, after the 100meter of distance, the
floating platform and electric cables will reappears and the craft consumes
electric energy from electric cables and the batteries will be recharged and so
on. When the craft maintain to fly in near surface of the sea (about 1meter),
because of the ground effect the craft will fly with high efficiency. When the
rotations of the electric propellers were lowered, the craft will land on the
sea surface.
Electric sea plane (flywheel model).
The rechargeable batteries inside the craft can be replaced with flywheels with sufficient mass.
The flywheels:
Two flywheels with sufficient mass are rotating in opposite directions in same speed. When two same mass flywheels rotates in opposite directions in same speed, the torque of the flywheels cancels each other.
Working of the flywheel model:
When the electric contacts touches to the electric cables, the electric propellers consumes energy directly from electric cables, and also the flywheels rotates at high speed and stores mechanical energy in it. When the power interruption occurs after 500meter (in the absence of floating platform and electric cables), the flywheels delivers the required mechanical energy to the propellers. When the floating platform and electric cables are reappears after the 100meter of distance, the electric contacts will again touches to the electric cables and the electric propellers consumes energy directly from the electric cables and also, the flywheels again stores mechanical energy in it and so on.
Comparisons between battery model and flywheel model:
a) The time required for the recharging of the batteries will be comparatively long period. A long floating platform in the sea/ lake will cause long obstacles to the ships or other transportation systems. But in the cause of flywheels, the time required for store mechanical energy in it will be less than batteries and so the length of floating platform can be minimized.
b) Weight of the batteries will be larger than flywheels and this increased weight will cause low efficiency.
c) The efficiency of recharging of the batteries will be less than the storing of mechanical energy in properly balanced flywheels.
d) Life of the rechargeable batteries will be less than flywheels.
Potential uses and applications:
Passenger Transport:
1) Inter island, 2) International (in distant future), 3) Water taxi.
Cargo transport:
1) Sea food, 2) high value exports.
Advantages:
a) Since the passengers / goods and the Electric- Ground effect craft 'weight
ratio' is minimum, it will be more efficient.
b) Since the craft is flying through the near surface of the sea, because of
the 'ground effect', the power conception reduces considerably.
c) Velocity of the craft can be increased nearly as fast as Aircraft.
d) Expenses for making the floating platforms on the sea surface will be very less than the construction of under sea tunnels.
e) The Electric- Ground effect craft will be very suitable for fast transportation through vast lakes.
Disadvantages:
a) Chances of the destruction of the floating platforms because of high
winds, high waves, floating icebergs etc and also thereby maintenance charge.
b) Construction of floating platforms on the sea with high depth will be
difficult.
c) Danger of high voltage electric cables below the craft.
d) The construction of floating platforms through a busy water way may cause traffic difficulties for normal transportation systems.
e) The requirement of the step upping of the line voltage in long distance path.[What is Light] [OML theory and volume expansion of the matter] [New concepts in theoretical physics]
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