MALAYSIA             KEDAH DARUL AMAN       JOHOR DARUL TAKZIM

                                                      JOHOR DARUL TAKZIM

RVG
MAHARAJA SULTAN ABU BAKAR
HISTORY OF JOHOR
n the early 16th century, the Sultanate of Johor was founded by the Alauddin Riayat Shah II, the son of Mahmud Shah, the last Sultan of Malacca who fled from the invading Portuguese in Malacca. Johor sultanate was one of the two successor states of the Melaka empire. Upon Malacca's defeat by the Portuguese in 1511, Alauddin Riayat Shah II established a monarchy in Johor which posed a threat to the Portuguese. The Sultanate of Perak was the other successor state of Malacca and was established by Mahmud Shah's other son, Muzaffar Shah I. During Johor's peak the whole of Pahang and the present day Indonesian territories of the Riau archipelago and part of Sumatra Island was under Johor's rule.[5]

A series of succession struggles were interspersed with strategic alliances struck with regional clans and foreign powers, which maintained Johor's political and economic hold in the Straits. In competition with the Acehnese of northern Sumatra and the port-kingdom of Malacca under Portuguese rule, Johor engaged in prolonged warfare with their rivals, often striking alliances with friendly Malay states and with the Dutch.[citation needed] In 1641, Johor in co-operation with the Dutch succeeded in capturing Malacca. By 1660, Johor had become a flourishing entrepôt, although weakening and splintering of the empire in the late seventeenth and eighteenth century reduced its sovereignty.[citation needed]

In the 18th century, the Bugis of Sulawesi and the Minangkabau of Sumatra controlled the political powers in the Johor-Riau Empire.[citation needed] However, in the early 19th century, Malay and Bugis rivalry commanded the scene. In 1819, the Johor-Riau Empire was divided up into the mainland Johor, controlled by the Temenggong, and the Sultanate of Riau-Lingga, controlled by the Bugis.[citation needed] In 1855, under the terms of a treaty between the British in Singapore and Sultan Ali of Johor, control of the state was formally ceded to Dato' Temenggong Daing Ibrahim, with the exception of the Kesang area (Muar), which was handed over in 1877. Temenggong Ibrahim opened up Bandar Tanjung Puteri (later to become Johor's present-day capital) in south Johor as a major town.[citation needed]

Flag of Johor. The colour blue represents the State Government, the colour red for warriors defending the state, the white crescent and 5-sided star represent the monarchy and Islam.

Temenggong Ibrahim was succeeded by his son, Dato' Temenggong Abu Bakar, who later took the title Seri Maharaja Johor by Queen Victoria of England. In 1886, he was formally crowned the Sultan of Johor. Sultan Abu Bakar of Johor (1864–1895) implemented a state constitution, developed a British-style administration and constructed the Istana Besar, the official residence of the Sultan. For his achievements, Sultan Abu Bakar is known by the title "Father of Modern Johor".[citation needed] The increased demand for black pepper and gambier in the nineteenth century lead to the opening up of farmlands to the influx of Chinese immigrants, which created Johor's initial economic base.[6][7] The Kangchu system was put in place with the first settlement of Kangkar Tebrau established in 1844.[8] The decline of the Kangchu economy at the end of the 19th century coincided with the opening of the railway line connecting Johor Bahru and the Federated Malay States in 1909 and the emergence of rubber plantations throughout the state.[9] Under the British Resident system, Sultan Ibrahim, Sultan Abu Bakar's successor, was forced to accept a British adviser in 1904. D.G. Campbell was dispatched as the first British adviser to Johor. From the 1910s to the 1940s, Johor emerged as Malaya's top rubber producing state, a position it has held until recently.[citation needed] Johor was also until recently the largest oil palm producer in Malaysia.[citation needed]

During World War II, Johor Bahru became the last city on the Malay peninsula to fall to the Japanese. Allied Forces, Australian, Malayan and Indian forces held out for four days in what was known as the Battle of Gemas,[10] the General Yamashita Tomoyuki had his headquarters on top of Bukit Serene and coordinated the downfall of Singapore.

Johor gave birth to the Malay opposition which derailed the Malayan Union plan. Malays under Dato' Onn Jaafar's leadership formed the United Malays National Organisation (UMNO) in Johor on 11 May 1946. (UMNO is currently the main component party of Malaysia's ruling Barisan Nasional coalition.) In 1948, Johor joined the Federation of Malaya, which gained Independence in 1957.


B
CHINESE HERRITAGE MUSEUM
GHJ
MASJID SULTAN ABU BAKAR
Y
PASIR PELANGI ROYAL MOSQUE


INTERESTING PLACES

 Danga Bay
Danga Bay is the foremost recreation park in Johor Bahru. Outside the central business district, the area hosts many festive events throughout the year and contains many leisure and entertainment points of interest.

Johor Bahru Chinese Heritage Museum

Malaysia’s vast ethnic multiplicity shows up in Johor Bahru in terrific attractions like the Chinese Heritage Museum. While not massive, the museum offers remarkable multimedia and interactive insight into a vital community.
                                                                                      Istana Pasir Pelangi
Pasir Pelangi is the royal village that makes Johor Bahru a royal city in Malaysia. The Istana is the royal palace, built at the turn of the 20th century.


Pasir Pelangi Royal Mosque
Pasir Pelangi is well worth a tour while in Johor Bahru. Built in the 1920s, the Royal Mosque is a significant and venerable point of interest.

                                                                             Masjid Negeri Sultan Abu Bakar
The state mosque of Johor is the paragon religious landmark in Johor Bahru and a major attraction as well. Another eclectic piece of architecture, so typical of Malaysia, the mosque is mainly English Victorian, with strong hints of Moorish and Malay. Built in the late 19th century at the behest of Sultan Abu Bakar, the mosque is a definite must-see.
H
MEE BANDUNG MUAR
N
LAKSA JOHOR

       POPULAR FOOD


                                                          Mee Bandung
Mostly famous from Muar, some restaurant even name the dishes mee      bandung muar to let the customer knows that their mee bandung is indeed special. It is a dish of yellow mee with special gravy ussualy have slices of beef, prawns, dried shrimps, together with crushed peanuts.


vf
TARIAN KUDA KEPANG
C
ZAPIN

CULTURES..

ZAPIN DANCE
Zapin dance is a dance form that is popular in Malaysia especially in Johor. The dancers usually perform in pairs andareaccompanied by a traditional misuc ensemble which normally consists of the gambus,accordian, rebbab, marwas, rebana and dok


KUDA KEPANG
The Kuda kepang is the very interesting dance in Johor. the dance was once a form totemic worship. The dance hadstrong link with spirit possession and often dancers went into a trance-like. However with the islamisation of Malaysia , this dance now generally renders the tail of nine.Javanese men who spread the islamic faith in the interior of Java. The nine Muslims evangelist on horseback and dramatized stories of the battle wagged and won the for the cause of islam to draw and hold the attention of the congregation.
The Kuda Kepang performed by nine dancers who are sealed astride a two dimensional horse made of hide or pleatedratten.