Pharmacology of Antimicrobials and Cytotoxic drugs

41.    Fluroquinolones:

a.      ciprofloxacin has the greatest antimicrobial activity.

b.      have good activity against enterobacteriaceae.

c.      have poor activity against streptococci and anaerobic organisms.

d.      pefloxacin penetrates CSF well.

42.    Adverse reactions to aminoglycosides include:

a.      hepatotoxicity.

b.      renal toxicity.

c.      vestibular impairment.

d.      auditory impairment.

43.    The penicillins:

a.      after absorption are widely distributed throughout the body.

b.      are secreted mainly unchanged through the renal tubules.

c.      enters the CSF in effective concentrations in meningitis.

d.      can cause hypersensitivity reactions.

44.    The following penicillins are stable at acid pH of gastric juice:

a.      ampicillin.

b.      penicillin G.

c.      phenoxymethylpenicillin.

d.      cloxacillin.

45.    Cefotaxime, a 3rd generation cephalosporin

a.      has a broad spectrum of action.

b.      does not enter into the CSF easily.

c.      can be given safely to patients who are allergic to penicillin.

d.      is well absorbed orally.

46.     Cephalosporins:

a.      have a basic structure of a beta-lactam ring fused to a thiazolidine ring.

b.      have a broader spectrum of activity than benzylpenicillin.

c.      may be given to safely to patients who are allergic to penicillins.

d.      inhibits peptidoglycan synthesis.

47.    The following act by inhibition of protein synthesis by binding to 50S subunits of bacterial ribosomes:

a.      erythromycin.

b.      chloramphenicol.

c.      tetracycline.

d.      aminoglycosides.

48.    Amphotericin B:

a.      acts by binding to sterol component of fungal membrane.

b.      is well absorbed orally.

c.      is used to treat systemic infections.

d.      causes renal toxicity.

49.    Cytarabine and 5-fluorouracil:

a.      are both cell-cycle specific drugs.

b.      interfere with DNA synthesis.

c.      enter the CSF in effective concentrations.

d.      are excreted unchanged by the kidneys.

50.    The following drugs are likely to cause problems in a patient with renal disease if the dosage regime is not decreased:

a.      digoxin.

b.      procainamide.

c.      tobramycin.

d.      doxycycline.

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