Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics, Pharmacology of Autonomic nervous system drugs, Autocoids

41.    The following drugs combine with the biological components indicated:

a.    physostigmine combines with cholinesterase.

b.    chloramphenicol attaches to the 50S subunit of bacterial ribosomes.

c.    antacids combine with the parietal cells of the stomach.

d.    acetylcholine combines with nicotinic receptors at the neuromuscular junction.

42.    Prostacyclin:

a.     can enhance platelet aggregation.

b.     can inhibit platelet aggregation.

c.     can cause hypotension.

d.     synthesis is inhibited by NSAIDs.

43.    Prostaglandins have a wide range of actions which include:

a.     inhibition of gastric acid secretion.

b.     bronchodilation.

c.     delay onset of labor.

d.     prevent platelet aggregation.

44.   Parasympathetic blockade is enhanced by:

a.     propantheline and cimetidine.

b.     hydralazine and tolbutamide.

c.     D-tubocurarine and succinylcholine.

d.     pilocarpine and bethanechol.

45.    If a drug undergoes significant first-pass effect, it means that:

a.      the drug is eliminated rapidly by the liver only.

b.      the renal clearance of the drug is high.

c.      the drug is poorly absorbed when administered.

d.      the drug undergoes rapid distribution initially.

46.    The following statements refer to the microsomal mixed function oxidase system:

a.      it acts specifically on drugs which belong to the same pharmacological class.

b.      the dosage of a drug may have to be decreased if enzyme induction occurs.

c.      enzyme inhibition usually occurs more rapidly than enzyme induction.

d.      contains multiple isozymes of cytochrome P450.

47.    Neostigmine:

a.      usually does not cross the blood-brain barrier.

b.      inhibits cholinesterase reversibly.

c.      is erratically absorbed after oral administration.

d.      can be used in the symptomatic treatment of myasthenia gravis.

48.    Propranolol is used the treatment of:

a.      hypertension.

b.      asthma.

c.      angina pectoris.

d.      allergic skin rashes.

49.    Noradrenaline at adrenergic nerve endings:

a.      is discharged by the process of exocytosis.

b.      is activated by COMT after re-uptake.

c.      is eventually demethylated to adrenaline.

d.      present in the mobile pool is displaced by tyramine.

50.    Adrenaline:

a.      increases liver glycogenolysis.

b.      causes coronary artery spasm.

c.      is used for diarrhoea.

d.      is the neurotransmitter at adrenergic nerve endings.

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