Types of Leadership
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Transformational Leadership

Transformational leadership attempts to change the organisational culture by helping group members look "beyond their self-interests for the good of the group".[1] An example of transformational leadership is seen in religious units. Participants are introduced to a higher sense of purpose.[1] As a result, the individual is led to believe in their own value and the value of their contribution toward moving the organisation forward.[1]
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The transformational leader has a similar skill set to a charismatic leader.[1] The transformational leader inspires the group just as this quote from motivational speaker, Marianne Williamson, is set to inspire individuals:
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�Our deepest fear is not that we are inadequate. Our deepest fear is that we are powerful beyond measure. It is our light, not our darkness that most frightens us. We ask ourselves, who am I to be brilliant, gorgeous, talented and fabulous? Actually, who are you not to be?� [3]
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The transformational leader is a visionary. In addition, they have �the respect, confidence and loyalty of group members.�[1] In fact, performance within the workplace is said to do better when leaders practice transformational behaviours.[1]
Situational Leadership
Situational leadership acknowledges the influence of situation and how a leader may emerge from these circumstances.[1] When America came under terrorist attack in September 2001, it was the Mayor Rudolph W. Giuliani that emerged in a strong leadership role. The basis of situational leadership is to change the behaviour to suit the needs of the situation and according to Dubrin, Daglish & Miller (2006), it must account for the needs of the members of the group.[1] For instance, a newly-formed business may require a directive approach from its leader. Then as the business progresses, the style of leadership may relax to a more participative approach.
Servant Leadership
Servant leadership is a present day leadership model �based on teamwork and community.�[2] The servant leader puts the �servant first�[2] or, as the case with political leaders, the leader "wants to serve, to serve first."[2] Examples of servant leaders include: Mother Teresa, Princess Diana, Gandhi and Jesus Christ. Of course, it is believed that its roots are from many years of "religious and humanistic teachings.�[2] Interestingly, this style of leadership emerged from disgruntled workers who were sick of egotistical bosses that seemed absorbed in self-interest activities.[1]  In view of that, self-interest and egotism highlights the opposing characteristics of a servant leader.
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References:
[1] Dubrin, A., Dalglish, C. & Miller, P. (2006). Leadership, 2nd Asia-Pacific edition. Australia: John Wiley & Sons.
[2] Spears, L. (1996, 17 July). Reflections on Robert K. Greenleaf and servant-leadership. Leadership & Organisation Development Journal. [online journal article]
[3] Williamson, M. (2006). A return to love. [excerpt]

Image
Comstock Images. (2006a). GS230088 [reflection]
Comstock Images. (2006b). KS12333 [storm]
Neuschel, R. P. (n.d.). The servant leader. [book cover]
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