Peer-to-peer Network

Client-Server Network

Definition

A network model in which all computers can function as clients or servers as needed and there’s no centralized control over network resources.

Is a simple, inexpensive network that typically connects fewer than 10 computers.

All computers in the network have equal capabilities to use the resources (hardware, software, data and files) available on the network.

With peer-to-peer network, there is no server.

Network in which one or more computers act as a server, and the other computers (clients) on the network request services from the server.

Server:

– Provide services to client.

– Controls access to resources on the network.

– Provides a centralized storage for program.

Note: Server can be a mainframe computer used in a network environment.

Client:

– Requests services from a server computer. Also called as a workstation.

Advantages

Less start-up cost to setup the network architecture. – No need for a server.

Easy to setup. – An operating system (OS) such as Windows XP already in place may only need to be reconfigured for peer-to-peer operations.

Centralized. – Resources and data security are controlled through the server.

Scalability. – Any or all elements can be replaced individually as needs increase.

Flexibility. – New technology can be easily integrated into system.

Interoperability. – All the components (client/network/server) work together.

Accessibility. – Server can be accessed remotely and across multiple platforms.

Disadvantages

Decentralized. – No central repository for files and applications.

Less security. – Does not provide the security available on a client-server network.

Lack of security controls.

Expense. – Requires initial investment in dedicated server.

Maintenance. – Large networks will require a staff to ensure efficient operation.

Dependence. – When server goes down, operation will cease across the network.

Resources access

Distributed among many desktop/client computers; makes access to resources more complex.

Centralized on one or more servers; streamlines access to resources.

Security

Users control their own shared resources and might have several sets of ID to access resources.

Security is managed centrally and users have a single sets of ID for all shared resources.

Performance

Desktop OS not tuned for resources sharing.

Server OS tuned for resources sharing.

Cost

Initial costs lower.

Higher upfront costs because of dedicated hardware server OS and on-going costs for administrative support.