Fitness Articles
Trainers and Instructors
1. How to Choose a Health Club
Are you thinking of joining a health club? How many times have you skipped
a workout because the gym is too far away or will be too crowded when
you get there? If you're like a lot of people, the answer is 'too many.'
Why give yourself an out? Cut the excuses by doing your homework and choosing
a club that's right for you. It's no secret that picking a quality club
is key to sticking with your program.
But choosing a health club can rank high on the confusion meter. Sign-up
specials scream in all forms of media, and it seems there's a new club
on every corner. Before you jump on the latest two-for-one membership
deal, take the time to consider these helpful tips:
LOCATION: For your fitness routine to be
successful, exercise has to be convenient. You're more likely to use a
club if it is close to either your home or workplace. You also don't want
to choose a health club just because it is close to your home or work,
but if you join a club that isn't convenient, you are more likely to find
an excuse to stop going.
CLASSES: If classes are what keep you motivated, make sure the club offers
an eclectic mix you like and that they are offered at a time of day that
fits your schedule.
HOURS: Lots of health clubs
open early and stay open late. Before you join, though, make sure your
club is open when you plan to go. Then visit the club at the times you
intend to work out. Check whether the club is too crowded or if there
are long lines for equipment at that time.
TRY IT BEFORE YOU BUY IT:
Sales people are trained to hype the benefits of their health club, but
you need to actually try out some of the equipment and get a feel for
the club's atmosphere before you sign up. Request a day pass or a trial
membership - this is a good way to 'test drive' the health club's services.
PAYMENTS: Many clubs have
a variety of payment options. Find a payment schedule that meets your
budget needs, and take advantage of any sign-up specials. Find out exactly
what the membership fee is and what it includes. Will you have to pay
extra for childcare and towels? Don't forget to ask if they require an
initiation fee; and if you are joining a new club that hasn't opened yet,
make sure that any deposits or payments are held in an escrow account
until they officially open.
REPUTATION: Before you join,
talk to current members about their experiences with the club.
LITTLE DETAILS: As you tour
the club, pay attention to details. How clean is the facility? Is the
music too loud? Is most of the equipment in working order? Too many 'out
of order' signs may indicate poor maintenance. Are new members provided
with a club orientation and instruction on how to use equipment? Make
sure the club is a place where you would enjoy spending time.
With a little research and patience, you will be rewarded
with a membership at a health club you can call 'home.' More importantly,
you will be reaping the long-term benefits of a structured exercise program
that perfectly suits your lifestyle.
2. A Checklist to Help You
Hire The Right Personal Trainer:
Ask for references
Ask the trainer for the names and phone numbers of other clients with
goals similar to yours. Call to see if they were pleased with their workouts,
if the trainer was punctual and prepared, and if they felt their individual
needs were addressed. The best personal trainer to hire is the one others
give high marks to.
Look for a trainer who is able
to assist you with your special needs
A personal trainer should always have you fill out a health history questionnaire
to determine your needs or limitations. If you have a medical condition
or a past injury, a personal trainer should design a session that takes
these into account. If you're under a doctor's care, a personal trainer
should discuss any exercise concerns with your doctor, and should ask
for a health screening or release from your doctor.
Find out what the trainer charges
Rates vary, depending on the trainer's experience, and the length and
location of the workout session. For example, a personal trainer who works
in a fitness club will probably charge less per hour than one who works
independently and needs to come to your home or office.
Decide if this is someone you can work with Some people like to exercise
in the morning, some in the evening. Will the personal trainer you're
talking to accommodate your schedule? What about the trainer's gender?
Some people do better working with a trainer of the same sex; others prefer
the opposite sex.
The personal trainer you select should motivate you by
positive, not negative, reinforcement. Even more important, that trainer
should be someone you like.
Ask yourself if you think you could get along well with
the trainer. Ask yourself, too, if you think the trainer is genuinely
interested in helping you.
The personal trainer who best measures up is the one
to hire. Because that's the professional who will help you get the best
results.
Reap The Rewards of Personal Training
All the rich and famous celebrities have one. In fact, some are rich and
famous themselves. But you don't have to be either one to reap the benefits
of hiring a personal trainer. More and more people, novice and veteran
exercisers alike, are working with personal trainers because they offer
a practical and affordable means of getting and staying healthy.
A Trainer For Every Body
Many automatically equate personal training with gyms full of hard-core
strength trainers and body builders. This is only part of the picture.
Anyone, young and old, in shape and out, can utilize a personal trainer
for a variety of reasons. For example, many professional and amateur athletes
work with a personal trainer during the off-season to prepare themselves
for in-season competition. Individuals recovering from an injury or accident
may enlist the help of a personal trainer (in conjunction with their physical
therapist) to get them back in top form. The work of a majority of personal
trainers focuses on increasing and/or maintaining their clients' fitness
levels, assisting them in weight loss and overseeing their strength-training
and cardiovascular activities. Strength training, in particular, has received
increased recognition in recent years because the lack of strength is
now known to be a risk factor for disease, especially for older populations.
Tailor-made Training
Personal trainers wear many hats, serving not only as coach, but also
as confidant, role model, educator and a major source of motivation and
encouragement. Some people may want constant supervision two to three
times a week, which makes them more likely to stick to their program because
they are accountable to someone else for their exercise time. Others may
prefer to see a trainer only on occasion to update their exercise program,
or for periodic fitness testing to receive feedback on their progress.
It is the novice exerciser, however, who may find a personal trainer most
valuable. Working with a personal trainer for a few sessions is often
all it takes for some people to feel comfortable with independent exercise.
The following describes the most common services offered to those beginning
an
exercise program:
1. Fitness evaluation. This is a series of tests designed to assess
cardiovascular fitness, body-fat percentage, flexibility and muscular
strength and endurance.
2. Personalized exercise program. An individualized
exercise program is designed based on the individual's fitness evaluation
results and personal fitness and health goals.
3. Supervised exercise. Personal attention
during exercise is the primary function of personal trainers. Clients
are given a detailed orientation that addresses the aerobic, strength
and flexibility components of the exercise program, and are educated about
the fundamentals of strength and aerobic training, as well as the proper
and safe use of equipment.
Choosing One That Fits
Once you have made the decision to hire a personal trainer, all that is
left is to find one that best suits your needs. Rates will vary, depending
on the trainer's experience and the length and location of the workout
session. While some health clubs offer personal training services to their
members at reduced rates, most personal trainers typically charge Rs.100
to Rs.300 per hour for their services.
Finally, ask yourself if you could get along well with the trainer and
whether or not they seem genuinely interested in helping you. If they
meet all your other prerequisites, this is the trainer to hire. Together,
you and your trainer can determine your best route to better health and
fitness
Flexibility
Is Yoga for You?
Considering it's thousands of years old, it might seem
silly to say that yoga has come a long way in recent years. But as mind/body
exercise continues to take hold in the '90s, the practice of yoga has
moved from the alternative to the mainstream.
Today's hectic lifestyle has left many of us wondering how to manage the
stress that comes along with it. While regular aerobic exercise and strength
training can help, it isn't the complete answer. Some believe yoga is
the piece you need to complete the puzzle of keeping both the body and
the mind fit.
A Trend Worth Following
Now, before you start conjuring up images of zoned-out new-agers in pretzel-like
positions chanting mantras, consider this: Yoga is an ancient practice
that can help you deal with the stress of modern life. And, more and more
people, stressed out or not, are discovering the benefits of yoga. In
fact, it has been reported that more than six million Americans are now
practicing some form of yoga.
Yoga, which means to yoke or unite, is the practice of uniting all aspects
of a person - body, mind and spirit - through physical postures, breathing
exercises and meditation. Flexibility, strength and muscle tone improve
quickly as the mind and body work together in harmony and unison.
Choose Your Yoga
There are several different branches of yoga, each with its own unique
focus. Hatha yoga, the most widely practiced form, emphasizes concentration
and consists of gentle stretching and strengthening exercises. Because
prana, or life force, is thought to originate in the breath, Pranayama
yoga uses breathing exercises and breath control to enhance vitality and
energy. Mantra yoga uses the concentrated repetition of a word or phrase
to aid in the control of the mind.
A Time To Relax
For some, yoga is a primary means of relaxation, something that is often
difficult to achieve in the high-stress, high-speed world we live in.
Regardless of which type you choose, yoga is an excellent way to stretch
and strengthen the body, focus the mind and relax the spirit. In fact,
most modern stress-reduction techniques are based on the principles of
yoga. Dr. Dean Ornish, in his work with heart patients, utilizes yoga
exercises, breathing and relaxation techniques to reverse symptoms of
heart disease. Current research indicates that stress-related diseases
respond favorably to this type of approach.
Easing Into It
The best way to get started in yoga is to find a class that appeals to
you. Find out where yoga classes are being held in your area and stop
by to see how you like it. There are many different approaches to yoga
- some focus on breathing, others focus on holding specific postures -
and it's important to find the one that appeals to you the most.
A Yoga Workout
One type of yoga that has recently jumped in popularity is astanga, or
power yoga. This type involves a series of very intense yoga postures
done in succession. This class, which is a vigorous workout, can help
develop strength as well as flexibility.
Yoga is a great way not only to relax, but also to improve your performance
in other activities. Once you have learned a few yoga moves and breathing
tech-niques, they can easily be integrated into your regular fitness routine.
So don't let any preconceived notions of yoga keep you from enjoying the
benefits of this dynamic mind/body exercise
Flexible Benefits
We take part in aerobic activity to improve our cardiovascular endurance
and burn fat. We weight-train to maintain lean muscle tissue and build
strength. Those are the two most important elements of a fitness program,
right?
Actually, there are three important elements. Often neglected is flexibility
training. That neglect is regrettable, because flexibility training:
Allows greater freedom of movement and improved posture
Increases physical and mental relaxation
Releases muscle tension and soreness
Reduces risk of injury
Some people are naturally more flexible. Flexibility is primarily due
to one's genetics, gender, age and level of physical activity. As we grow
older, we tend to lose flexibility, usually as a result of inactivity
rather than the aging process itself. The less active we are, the less
flexible we are likely to be. As with cardiovascular endurance and muscle
strength, flexibility will improve with regular training.
Stretch For Success
Before stretching, take a few minutes to warm up as stretching cold muscles
can cause injury. Begin with a simple, low-intensity warm-up, such as
easy walking while swinging the arms in a wide circle. Spend at least
5 to 10 minutes warming up prior to stretching.
When performing any stretch:
Start each stretch slowly, exhaling as you gently stretch the muscle.
Try to hold each stretch for at least 10 to 30 seconds.
Avoid these stretching mistakes:
Don't bounce a stretch. Holding a stretch is more effective and there
is less risk of injury.
Don't stretch a muscle that is not warmed up.
Don't strain or push a muscle too far. If a stretch hurts, ease up.
Don't hold your breath.
Fitting Stretching Into A Compressed Schedule
Time constraints keep many people from stretching. Some complain they
just don't have time to stretch; others hurry out of their fitness classes
before the cool-down exercises are completed. Ideally, at least 30 minutes,
three times per week, should be spent on flexibility training. But even
a mere five minutes of stretching at the end of an exercise session is
better than nothing. And all aerobic activity should be followed by at
least a few minutes of stretching.
Here are some tips for fitting stretching into an overstuffed schedule:
1. If you don't have time to sufficiently
warm up before stretching, try doing a few stretches immediately after
a shower or while soaking in a hot tub. The hot water elevates muscle
temperature enough to make them more pliable and receptive to stretching.
2. Try a few simple stretches before getting
out of bed in the morning. Wake yourself up with a few full-body stretches
by pointing the toes and reaching the arms above your head. This can clear
your mind and help jump-start your morning.
3. Take a stretching class such as yoga or tai chi. Scheduling a class
will help you to stick with a regular stretching program.
General Exercise
Beat The Heat Before It Beats You
Keeping Cool When The Weather Is Hot
It's summertime and you head out for a run. Before you even finish the
first mile, your body feels as though it might ignite from the heat. It's
not your imagination. Fifteen minutes into your run and your body temperature
could be as high as 5° F above normal. If you were to continue at
this pace, fatigue and heat illness would no doubt take over.
Strategies To Protect Yourself From Heat Illness
The above scenario doesn't have to happen. Drinking enough fluid, whether
it be water or a sports drink, is imperative for exercising in hot or
humid weather. Maintenance of body fluids is essential to maintaining
proper body temperature. Sweat dispels heat through your skin. If you
let your body become dehydrated, you'll find it much more difficult to
perform even the lightest of workouts. But don't wait until you're thirsty
to start replenishing those fluids. Chances are, by the time you actually
feel thirsty, your body is well on its way to becoming severely dehydrated.
The following strategies will help you protect yourself from the onset
of heat illness:
1. Hydration
Fluid replenishment before, during and after exercise is essential to
avoid progressive dehydration. Always consume more fluids than you think
you need before and after exercise, and strive to drink six to eight ounces
of fluid every 15 to 20 minutes during exercise.
2. Exercise Intensity
You should probably reduce the intensity of your workout, particularly
the first few times you are exposed to higher temperatures.
3. Temperature
Use the heat stress index table to determine the risk of exercising at
various combinations of temperature and humidity. While a 90° F outdoor
temp is relatively safe at 10 percent humidity, the heat stress of 90°
F at 50 percent humidity is the equivalent of 96° F. When the heat
stress index rises above 90° F, you may want to consider postponing
your exercise session until later in the day. Or, plan ahead, and beat
the day's heat by working out early in the morning.
4. Fitness
Physical training and heat acclimation can increase your blood volume,
helping to regulate body temperature more effectively.
Interestingly, the acclimatization process can be completed in 7 to 14
days of repeated heat exposure. However, you must always continue to drink
fluids before, during and after exercise.
5. Clothing
Wear minimal clothing to provide greater skin surface area for heat dissipation.
Your clothing should be lightweight, loose fitting, light colored to reflect
the sun's rays, and of a material that absorbs water, such as cotton.
Training to Run Your First 5k
So you’ve started a walking program and, after a few weeks of consistent
improvement, you feel you’re ready to pick up the pace and run your
first 5k race. Whether your goal is personal fitness, a sense of community
or a pure sense of accomplishment, you can find yourself at the finish
line on race day.
A 3.1-mile race is the perfect length to aim for as a beginner. Begin
by setting attainable goals to keep you motivated and give yourself ample
time to move to the next level. If you train correctly and follow a good
eight-to-10 week training program, running can lead to a lifetime of fitness.
Set Attainable Goals
The length of a 5k is a relatively easy goal to reach as a novice runner,
but it may also challenge the expert runner depending on intensity and
speed. Start out with a simple program that allows you to succeed and
move forward only when you feel comfortable with your current stage. To
avoid burnout or injury, do not push your limits. Remember that your main
goal is to reach the finish line. For your first race you should plan
on enjoying the run and feeling good for having completed your goal.
Improve Your Heart and Head
Accomplishing your goal improves your self-esteem and keeps your cardiovascular
system in tune. A regular training program includes exercising for at
least 30 minutes three to five times per week, which falls within basic
cardiovascular fitness guidelines. Running can lead to a feeling of freedom
and independence, and it is also one of the best ways to alleviate stress
since it releases alpha waves in your brain, leaving you relaxed and invigorated.
Take Your Time
Depending on your training base, an eight-to-10 week program should be
just enough time to have you running for the full 30 minutes, which is
the approximate time it will take you to complete your first 5k. Your
first step should be a complete medical exam to make sure it is safe for
you to begin a running program. Begin with a walk/run program four times
per week for 20 to 30 minutes.
If you have not previously been involved in a walking program, it may
be best to start with an eight-day walking program routine ready to begin
running. Begin by walking for 20 minutes the first four days, followed
by walking for 30 minutes the last four days. If you have no problems
with this program, try running for two minutes and walking for four minutes
five times consecutively for a total of 30 minutes. Do this routine three
times per week until you feel comfortable. Each week as you are ready
add one minute to the running time and subtract one minute from the walking
time. Increase each week until you are running comfortably for the full
30 minutes.
Be Smart and Safe
Now that you can run for 30 minutes, do not concern yourself with pace
or distance. Gradual training is the key to long-term success and rest
time is just as important as the time you spend training. Be sure to have
proper running shoes that suit your individual needs, and be aware of
the surface you are running on as well. The best running surface is a
track. If you do not have access to a track, asphalt is better than concrete,
and dirt or silt alongside the road is even better. Beginning a running
program may improve your entire life as it strengthens your cardiovascular
system, ties you to your community, and boosts your self-esteem while
also allowing you to appreciate the outdoors. From the novice to the expert
runner, a local 5k race is a great way to get in shape and improve your
sense of health and well-being.
Support Your Community
Since running is relatively inexpensive and a great way to stay in shape,
the popularity of 5k races has dramatically increased over the past few
years. By running a 5k and donating money through your entry fee, you
are supporting a larger cause and meeting new people who share similar
interests and goals. A local 5k race is a great way to get in shape and
improve your sense of health and well-being.
Exercising In The Cold
The biggest concern for exercising in the cold is hypothermia, or too
much heat loss. When you exercise in a cold environment you must consider
one primary factor: how much heat will your body
lose during exercise?
Heat loss is controlled in two ways:
1. Insulation - body fat plus clothing; and 2. Environmental factors,
including temperature, wind and whether you're exercising in the air or
in the water. Each of these factors plays a role in the body's ability
to maintain a comfortable temperature during exercise.
Insulation
Although many people aspire to have a lean figure, people with a little
more body fat are better insulated and will lose less heat. Clothing adds
to the insulation barrier and is clearly the most important element in
performance and comfort while exercising in the cold. One study showed
that heat loss from the head alone was about 50 percent at the freezing
mark, and by simply wearing a helmet, subjects were able to stay outside
indefinitely.
Clothing is generally a good insulator because it has the ability to trap
air, a poor conductor of heat. If the air trapped by the clothing cannot
conduct the heat away from the body, temperature will be maintained. Unlike
air, however, water is a rapid conductor of heat and even in the coldest
of temperatures, people will sweat and risk significant heat loss. With
this in mind, you want to choose clothing that can trap air but allow
sweat to pass through.
By wearing clothing in layers, you have the ability to change the amount
of insulation that is needed while many new products can provide such
a layered barrier, it is important to avoid heavy cotton sweats or tightly
woven material that will absorb and retain water because these materials
cannot provide a layer of dry air near the skin, they can increase the
amount of heat your body loses as you exercise.
Keeping the hands and feet warm is a common concern when exercising in
the cold. Lower temperatures cause blood to be shunted away from the hands
and feet to the center of the body to keep the internal organs warm and
protected. Superficial warming of the hands will return blood flow to
prevent tissue damage. Blood flow will not return to the feet unless the
temperature of the torso is normal or slightly higher (.5-1.0° F above
normal). So, to keep your feet warm you must also keep the rest of your
body warm at all times.
Check With The Weatherman
Air temperature and wind chill factor should always be checked prior to
exercising in the cold. Data from the National Safety Council suggest
little danger to individuals with properly clothed skin exposed at 20°
F, even with a 30 mph wind. A danger does exist for individuals with exposed
skin when the wind chill factor (combined effect of temperature and wind)
balls below minus 20° F. That can be achieved by any combination of
temperatures below 20° F with a wind of 40 mph and temperatures below
minus 20° F with no wind. If you are exercising near the danger zone
for skin exposure, it also is advisable to warm the air being inhaled
by wearing a scarf or mask over your nose and mouth.
Rules For Exercising In The Cold
Check the temperature and wind conditions before you go out. Keep your
head, hands and feet warm. Dress in layers that can provide a trapped
layer of dry air near the skin (avoid cotton sweats and other similar
materials). Warm the air you are breathing if temperatures are below your
comfort level (usually around 0° F).
Supplements.
The Truth About Steroids
Steroid abuse is still on the rise, and not just among professional athletes
and bodybuilders. Despite numerous educational efforts by health care
officials, many amateur and high school athletes looking for that elusive
competitive edge still believe they can get it from a syringe or a bottle
of pills. What they don't realize is that steroids will give them a lot
more than they bargained for.
Not Worth The Risk
Acne. Liver damage. Increased risk of heart disease. These are just a
few of the side effects associated with anabolic steroid abuse. And there's
more.
The side effects are severe. Men who use steroids also may develop gynecomastia
(the development of breasts), priapism (painful prolonged erection) and
edema from sodium and water retention. They also will be more prone to
cardiovascular problems since steroids decrease high-density lipoprotein
levels (HDL) or 'good'cholesterol, and increase low-density lipoprotein
levels (LDL) or 'bad' cholesterol. Coupled with hypertension and negative
changes in myocardial tissue, steroids users are at an increased risk
for heart attack as well.
Of additional concern are alterations in psyche and behavior (i.e., aggression,
physical dependence) and decreased immune function. Changes in the reproductive
system, such as a reduction in testicle size, sperm count and mobility,
and a decrease in the levels of endogenous testosterone and other sex
hormones are common.
Women At Risk
Unlike men, whose side effects may be reversible once the abuse has stopped,
women experience irreversible changes, such as a deepened voice, increased
facial and body hair growth, enlarged clitoris and coarser skin. In addition,
irregularities in, or cessation of menstrual cycle, increased libido,
aggressiveness, acne and decreased immune function may occur. Women are
also prone to the cardiovascular risks and changes in psyche and behavior
that men experience.
All Risk, No Glory
There is an even scarier risk of steroid abuse: death. Steroid users who
share needles are putting themselves at risk for developing infections
such as HIV, hepatitis or other viral diseases.
The terminal risks of steroid abuse are not fully known. Some published
cases of tumors and other cancers related to steroid abuse have been reported.
Even so, physicians and researchers do not know all the repercussions
of steroid abuse on one's body and future health. Controlled research
is unethical and only information from abusers is usable; yet this data
may be inaccurate since most users are not forthcoming about the full
extent of their steroid use.
Since the late 1980s, the federal government has begun to crack down on
steroid use and distribution. Possession of steroids with intent to distribute
without a valid prescription is a felony and subject to prosecution. Likewise,
steroid use is a violation of the rules of virtually all sports leagues
and councils as well as the traditional ethics of good sportsmanship.
No Substitute For Training
What most steroid users don't realize is that they are placing themselves
at risk for something they could achieve on their own. Many experts agree
that the effects of steroids on strength and muscle mass of beginning
weight lifters or athletes are minimal when compared with the effects
of an intensive weight-training or conditioning program.
The best way to improve performance and increase muscle mass is to follow
a well-designed program that challenges both your body and your mind.
No drug can do that for you
Supplements: Too Much Of A Good Thing?
In a perfect world, everyone would know exactly what and how much to eat
for both optimal health and peak performance. Unfortunately ours is not
a perfect world and most of us are left on our own to decipher the implications
of current research findings or the latest nutritional fad. If you feel
awash in a sea of confusion and contradictions, you're not alone. Here's
some advice to help you navigate the murky waters of the million-dollar
supplement industry.
Supply And Demand
Certainly there is no end to the number of products or corresponding manufacturers'
claims of improved performance, faster weight loss and quicker muscle
gain. Unfortunately, there are no established guidelines governing these
products, which means companies are not required to offer proof to substantiate
their claims.
Supplement manufacturers have promoted many types of bizarre ingredients
and concoctions. Some of the most widely used products include individual
amino acids, antioxidant vitamins and trace minerals such as chromium
picolinate. While all supplements have the potential to do harm, some
are more risky than others.
Amino Acid Angst
One of the most questionable supplementation practices is the use of individual
amino acids. Amino acids are nitrogen-containing components that make
up proteins. Approximately 22 amino acids exist in nature, eight or nine
of which must be present in our diet because our bodies cannot manufacture
them. There is no evidence that healthy individuals will benefit from
large doses of a single amino acid. In fact, imbalanced amino acid diets
created in the laboratory are associated with anti-nutritional effects
such as depressed growth. Allergies, headaches and altered neural functioning
also are associated with single amino acid supplementation. Thus, your
best bet is to obtain amino acids through protein in your diet.
Getting Enough Of What You Need
Unlike using amino acids, taking moderate quantities of antioxidant vitamins
is considered a low-risk practice. Vitamins E and C and one of the vitamin
A precursors, beta-carotene, along with a diet rich in antioxidant-containing
foods, may help the body get rid of harmful oxidants that can damage cells.
The key here is that antioxidants must be taken in conjunction with a
healthy diet containing lots of fruits, vegetables and beans. Research
studies using antioxidants in the form of supplements have not been consistently
positive. Eating several servings of fruits and vegetables every day,
however, has been associated with a lower risk of heart disease and cancer
in numerous studies.
The Chromium Craze
Chromium picolinate has been so widely promoted as the quick way to a
leaner, more muscular body that many consumers just assume that there
is good evidence to support those claims. Actually, no such evidence exists,
and there is no indication that chromium deficiency is prevalent among
healthy adults in our population. It is true that chromium is often lost
in the processing of foods; this is another reason why our diets should
contain many whole, unprocessed foods. However, for those who insist on
taking chromium picolinate, the estimated safe and adequate daily intake
is 50 mcg to 200 mcg.
The Bottom Line
Americans seem to be married to the idea that in order to achieve our
goals, we must consume special dietary products in amounts not normally
found in a typical diet. But while the initial promises offered by makers
of these supplements are often enchanting, the actual benefits to the
consumer don't necessarily live up to the advertising. The best defense
against becoming a victim of a nutritional scam is education. With this
formidable weapon, you will be well on your way toward better health
Weight
Calorie Burners: Activities That Turn Up the Heat Calorie Burners: Activities
That Turn Up the Heat
When it comes to burning calories, most of us want to get as much mileage
out of our exercise as possible. For many, the more calories we burn,
the better we feel about our workout. While energy expenditure should
not be the only measure of a good workout (remember, it's good for you
and makes you feel pretty good, too), it is helpful to know what a given
activity might be costing you in terms of calories.
A word of caution, though, about counting calories. Simply burning more
calories will take you only so far down the road to better health. A well-balanced,
low-fat diet, plenty of rest and a healthy attitude are also essential.
And, of course, all things in moderation - even exercise.
Reading The Chart
The numbers on this chart correspond to how many calories individuals
of various weights burn per minute during different activities. Simply
multiply this number by how many minutes you perform a given activity.
For example, a 160-pound man jogging will burn about 12.4 calories per
minute, or 372 calories during a 30-minute jog.
There are a few things you should keep in mind as you review this chart.
With exercise, it really is true that you get out of it what you put into
it. Simply showing up for class and going through the motions isn't going
to do you much good. To get the most out of your exercise session, give
it your all, even if your all is less than what others might be doing.
And don't forget to look for little ways to increase the number of calories
you burn each day. You might be surprised to learn that it is possible
to burn more calories simply by becoming more active in your daily life.
Doing things like taking the stairs, walking to the mailbox instead of
driving, and doing chores around the house are great ways to burn additional
calories.
Activity Cal/min. 60 kg.70 kg.80 kg 90 kg.
Basketball 7.5 8.8 10.0 11.3
Bowling 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.9
Cycling (10 MPH) 5.5 6.4 7.3 8.2
Dancing (aerobic) 7.4 8.6 9.8 11.1
Dancing (social) 2.9 3.3 3.7 4.2
Gardening 5.0 5.9 6.7 7.5
Golf (pull/carry clubs) 4.6 5.4 6.2 7.0
Golf (power cart) 2.1 2.5 2.8 3.2
Hiking 4.5 5.2 6.0 6.7
Jogging 9.3 10.8 12.4 13.9
Running 11.4 13.2 15.1 17.0
Sitting, quietly 1.2 1.3 1.5 1.7
Skating (ice and roller) 5.9 6.9 7.9 8.8
Skiing (cross country) 7.5 8.8 10.0 11.3
Skiing (water and downhill) 5.7 6.6 7.6 8.5
Swimming (crawl, moderate pace) 7.8 9.0 10.3 11.6
Tennis 6.0 6.9 7.9 8.9
Walking 6.5 7.6 8.7 9.7
Weight Training 6.6 7.6 8.7 9.8
Lift Weight to Lose Weight
A new study confirms what many discovered long ago-strength training plays
an important role in ridding the body of extra weight. Sure, aerobic exercise
burns calories, but the body’s metabolism quickly returns to pre-exercise
levels, usually within 30 minutes or so. Resistance training, according
to the researchers at Johns Hopkins University, leads to increased calorie
burning for up to two hours after the workout is over.
Carol A. Binzen and colleagues of California University recruited 10 moderately
trained women to perform three sets of 10 exercises at a 10-repetition
maximum with a one-minute rest period between each set. Researchers found
that fat oxidation was significantly higher after the strength-training
session.
Unfortunately, because weight training often results in a corresponding
increase in weight due to increased muscle mass, many women abandon their
strength-training efforts, opting instead for strictly cardiovascular
activities. However, researchers suggest combining aerobic exercise with
regular strength training for maximum benefit
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