Empty Bubbles in Space?

Yet another modest proposal

with a

Preface/Forward to Bubbles

TOC
update: April 11, 2006 slight reorganize
update: April 07, 2006 added abstract
Abstract:  The apparent filament nature of the cosmos is 
caused by the extended 'event horizons' of hypermassive 
black holes.  These monster black hole 'event horizons' 
extend far, far out for many light years, from the 
originating hard warped spacetime (gravitational) causing 
mass.

Stated otherwise, this hypothesis suggests therefore that 
massive volumes in space are apparently 'blacked' out due to 
the light retention ability of hypermassive objects.

The gravity from these objects is so severe that light years 
of the cosmos are seemingly void. Their presence is known 
only by the termination of the boundary of the light 
retaining event horizon.

Further obscuring the hypermassive black hole, is the fact 
that probably much of the light from behind the hypermassive 
black hole is gravitationally wrapped around the hidden 
sphere of darkness and appears as if it is actually in front 
of the event horizon.

One of the characteristics of gravitational 'light wrapping' 
of galaxies is the apparent reversal of the spiral 
direction.  What was once clockwise becomes counter- 
clockwise and what was once counter-clockwise becomes 
clockwise.

Try it.  Get an unused clear vinyl coffee can lid and paint 
a spiral galaxy on the lid.  Then pretend the coffee can is 
a black hole and run the painted lid in perpendicular orbit 
around the coffee can.  Notice how at the start, from your 
viewing position, the spiral direction is one way, then 
after the orbit wrap, the spiral apparently reverses as it 
is wrapped around the gravitational source. (the coffee can) 


November 2004 Dear Reader, What follows are just speculative theories at best, and it is important to remember that. Boo! Distant from the scientific community, my information is just mere readsay and hearsay. Analogous in another human area, for some people here on earth, our own bible is similarly, absent divine ear-banging, just readsay. We are on earth, the place of testing, and the devil is in our midst patroling to and fro, and even owns some printing presses. We call Him the "Father of Lies." His lies are pervasive and all encompassing. You don't have to look too far to see what troubles misinterpreting those 'divine' books have caused. He has an easy job and doesn't really have to work very hard to send us to our doom. DOOM! Fortunately, scientific theories at least, don't get people burned at the stake in most parts of the world much anymore. Well, maybe for a while yet...
And then there was noise If you scientists think that the inadequately educated public generates a lot of "noise" (wrong science) about science, you haven't seen the "noise" generated by inadequately educated scientists about holy writ. And i guess there is a lot of noise by the fundamentalists of all strips, but that is something that St. Augustine says to leave alone. Leave the stups in their own soup. Except St. Augustine says my street paraphrase in a lot nicer Christian fashion, as Saints are wont to do. From my point of view, occasionally a good argument can be made that writ isn't holy, quite the opposite in fact. Two opposing soldiers fighting for their God in a pitched battle are afterwords found dead, both reading the same bible. What's wrong with that picture? But that is another subject. In any event, the social problems are too complex for my little mind so i'll leave the hardcore political stuff to the brainiacs and evil central. I recommend we just try and incorporate the "red letter" into our personalities as best we can to optimize the word being made flesh. Most of us however screw up and end up being the flesh made word. So we have to pray up a storm for God's Perfect Justice and God's Perfect Mercy and leave the fighting to those who are predisposed to darkness and willing to kill for lines in the sand.
Start here A good starting place for scientists of an agnostic or atheistic bent, is to wade into the 23/24th book of Saint Augustine and perhaps Dom Marmion, a Benedictine monk, Christological works. There might be a lot less noise. Momma beat you with a stick if you bad But trust the Universal Church and cast a suspicious eye on the church militant. That institution has been a around a LOT longer than we individuals have, waving our flags, and it has a very giant corpus of empirical data that backs up their policies given the raw material that they are obliged to work with i am told. (there's that hearsay again...) but it makes sense. Suffice to say that God is Mercifully and Perfectly Just. We all go to our final land of people who are just like us. Imagine spending the balance of your stay with people just like you. The thieves go to the land of the thieves. The schemers to the schemers, etc. God is merciful, but He puts you just where you belong and nowhere else because He is perfectly Just. In sum, the Good News is that God is Perfectly Just and the bad news is that God is Perfectly Just. Topsoil is gone with the wind Now, everybody would be happy if you could ignore the Easter Island event on steroids that is currently happening to the earth. With the topsoil of the earth being lost at the rate of 1% to 2% per year on a world wide basis, mankind has about 150 years left according to the rule of 70. And then there is the recent contamination of the oceans with plastics, with fisheries terminally exploited, And all during this terrible destruction of the commons, the incense and candles are burning, and the priests are waving flour and water in the air and fondling little boy's pee- wees when they think no one is looking. All this, without a single word from them about how we have to be responsible stewards of the planet for all time, for all generations. And that the duty of agape extends to the future, to the past, as well as the present. Not a word. not a word. not a word about eternal stewardship by the population at large. And make no mistake. In these incense burners hands, waving and blabbing, the Host remains flour and water. The Host will only transubstantiate when our conduct is changed towards God in all human affairs in a TIMELESS fashion and our efforts at love and kindness is applied to the unborn future as well as the present and even the past. I think the mystical body of the black hole called Evil Central, aka the mystical body of Satan aka "The Devil" owns a few printing presses, and we are a stupid, very stupid, hopelessly stupid, people well within the gravitational pull of evil so profound that it defies description. So limited is my intellect that i can only offer prayer as a solution to the earth's inhabitants as a solution. It is too much to expect any change in conduct by citizen joe sixpack. i just don't see it happening. One might as well just preach to a huge swarm of locusts pouring onto the earth.
Say what? As an armchair theorist but not scientist, who had trouble with long division, carrying along and reasoning from a questionable corpus of not well understood information, containing possible enormous theological interdictions & social baggage, as well as the overlay of the possibility of suspicious resultant political and quasi-theocratic misinformation, disinformation, and possible downright lies, witness the activity of our own (the Romans) government and the lands of Egypt, the Greek islands and Persia, for example, makes finding the objective scientific truth and subject social policies engendered thereby, and thereto, a hard job, while watching our tiny lifeboat called "earth" sinking towards an Easter Island on steroids scenario and fate. We've got about 150 years left at the outside as near as can be figured. Probably more like 50 or so, before things really start sliding apart according to other guesses. Don't know, maybe that is what God wants for us sinners. Yes, it's true. i was wrong once. So in sum, if the information taken receipt of is correct as to the basic facts, i admit that there is still a swell probability that the resultant theories, hypotheses and deductions formed therefrom are still wrongly formed. Time will tell... Garbage in, Garbage out And, if I have been informed incorrectly as to basic facts, then the hypothesis and conclusions based on them are ipso facto voided and really wrongly formed. Operator error in the field of theoretical cosmology and/or theology cannot be ignored. In that case: As you were, keep consuming and chomping away at the planet until told to do otherwise.
Where did all the topsoil go? Bright people once maintained that the earth was flat. What the bright people didn't know, (well maybe they did...) was that hardly a soul knew what they were talking about. Of course, every erstwhile metaphysician knows that the earth is flat. Everybody knows that. Not literally flat of course, but metaphysically flat with no height, no perspective, no vision of the horizon, no vision of duties to the future, to the past, morally flat, socially flat, spiritually flat, unable to ascertain what will come, unable to ascertain what course of conduct to pursue. In short, ignorant and stupid as a stump. Just falucking farm animal stupid.
Are those Clouds, Mists or Fog? And nowadays, many are beginning to suspect that the heavens may be somewhat flat as well. But that is another subject, based on an entire different set of definitions that go back to the Easter Island on steroids scenario that is occuring on the earth as you read this... The net question is: Why are the Heavens allowing us to consume the earth with no end in sight? There are some frightening tenative answers based on the end being in sight, but... Cheer up, things could be worse None of these speculative theories set forth below make us bigger or better, either individually or as a race. Indeed, our infinitesimal presence in the cosmos is made even smaller.
So i cheered up I am alive! so now what? Our station, cosmoswise speaking, is a reality. We can contemplate upon the fact that even in our tiny temporary time of existence, the Cosmos or God, (your choice) has formed us as contemplative creatures capable of examining our universe and mediating on what we have found. And what we, as a species and the cosmos may be, or might become, or not become. We exist as the Cosmos consciousness and we exist at the Cosmos sufferance. Going up? Consider the fact that the universe can contemplate itself and its existence thru us! Is it not a small honor to be part of the Universe's consciousness, even if for a very short time. We can argue that our station is brief, but elevated. The universe can see itself thru us. That means that the universe is LIVING! That means that it also knows that some parts of it (us) are doing doo-doo on its cognizant cells. That means that anti-bodies may be dispatched.
What is Truth? P. Pilate Truth, in all its manifestations, in all its dimensions and elements, besides our stunted ability towards creating systems of concern (love and the imitative processes of God), is the only thing that we should be concerned with, or cogniscent of, as thoughtful creatures of the universe. Unfortunately, discerning the truth, has to be applied with respect to our population with its propensities towards stupidity and excess as well. Nice to fathom the Cosmos's truth, but our species truth and its solutions needs to be fathomed as well. The Leftovers of Earth To make matters worse, this universal love or concern has to extend itself to the as yet to the great unborn portion of humanity following us in the far, far, future. Will they, with our timeless disconsideration of their existence, be able to exist on what will be left over of the earth from our malignant dark and ungodly stewardship. What voices distant weep? Can we hear the voices of lament from our own children? Can we hear the cries from the earth's future? Can we hear the cries from those billions of human souls who now try to exist on a near sterile leftover planet? Look! All of it was consumed within our imitative "God" process? We are sort of like a weird houseplant that keeps throwing its own soil out of the pot, ignorant of its own self destructing activity, ignorant of the activities fatal consequences. Unlike even, the alcoholic, who may know that what he is doing will make him die. One last sentence: whenever you see the word "I" or "i" you can substitute the name "Joe Sixpacks", or your own name for that matter. Joe Sixpacks have a job to do. We have to take it upon ourselves to be the voice that represents the future's great unborn, those billions of souls from the future who have no present voice and are now yet silent within the blind activities of mankind's current theo-jurassic era. Christ is of course still the contemporaneous and eternal answer for a solution, but i am beginning to suspect that even He suffers from myopia and needs glasses to see the starving centuries and empty eons ahead. Granted, today's problems are mind-boggling enough for sure. There are solutions of course, but not likely to be thought out by the likes of a joseph_sixpack. My current best solution is almost total poverty and a life closer to the animals, who despite their lesser status, cannot be accused of despoiling the planet's topsoil and oceans with the plow and chainsaw and plastics, but tend to live within the current permissable equilibrium. Frankly, perfect Justice towards the future turns out to be not too desirable either to a joseph_sixpack. but... This is hardly going to be a popular undertaking by those who want a new blue Buick and fourteen kids, and frankly, it doesn't appeal to me either. But Future Justice is Future Justice. What to do? What to do? Joe Sixpacks don't have a solution to lack of sustainability issues, indeed, joe sixpacks don't have solutions to most anything... I plead with those in charge of an empty-minded humanity to cease the destruction of future earth, so that those who are to come, will have a place, upon which to love and practice justice. Do not allow the currently growing deserts and altering oceans to evict mankind for his centuries and centuries of short-sightedness. End of Diatribunal Preface or Forward
Back to Bubbles in Space Abstract: This is the theory given earlier that postulates that hypermassive and supermassive black holes, that is, those that can retain light unto itself, are the real common citizen of the cosmos. And with the following hypothesis, "BUBBLES" is given that they too are, the source or cause of the apparent vacuous 'bubbles' in space which create a filament appearance to the Cosmos as their event horizon, extending many light years out from the source gravitational mass appears like an empty bubble...which it is not.
To begin: If i remember correctly, the latest (well, relatively latest) theme from certain professional astronomers mapping star distances and locations using and depending upon the red shift techiques, was that the glaxies of the cosmos seemed to be arranged around huge dark and empty bubble like boundary areas. (this hypothesis contends that they may be dark, but they are certainly not empty...) duh... But no one knew why, or how, the empty and dark bubble like areas came to be with with the mass of the universe arranged in such a perplexing manner. The stars, galaxies, quasars, pulsars, and other matter of the universe, were seemingly packed filament like, mostly in between the massive volume/area of the nothingness of the empty bubbles. duh, duh... A couple of days ago, plopped down, and sitting and staring out the windows of my favorite coffee house, engaged in my usual activity of continually dropping a plastic stirring spoon onto the table and watching it, asking the same questions, over and over again: 1.) Why does the spoon fall? 2.) What makes it fall? 3.) How can it fall? 4.) What mechanisms are involved in falling? (ignore warped spacetime for right now) 5.) Why does the spoon stop falling? 6.) Why does the spoon bounce? 7.) Why does it slide or roll? Then, all of a sudden! Eureka! or modernly, Gadzooks! or presently, Jeepers! Nursing my Cafe Au Lait, and pondering the imponderable mysteries of gravitation and the universe as usual when not looking at young ladies and bemoaning my old age, the solution (well, a possible explanation at least...) came to me as to one of the questions i had been pondering, (not related directly to any of the above). which is typical... hmmm... The solution was so simple that, after a while, i couldn't believe that no one, that i had read as yet, had posited or published an answer to explain the seemingly unusual phenomenon. Yet another original idea... but i am sure the idea is out there somewhere, as my first great breakthru and "original idea" establishing the gravitationally retaining black hole threshold in terms of solar mass, turned out to be only 200 years old - actually my great idea was slighty wrong anyhow, but that is another subject... Author's demand for Honorary Doctorate Note: A somewhat LARGER opus following this one as soon as i get the outline of the paper straightened out. For this, i want my honorary Doctorate in Theoretical Daydreaming. a 25 word, er... paragraph, er... page, er... chapter, synopsis follows: (this opus dopus may be it)
The Dirt Clod Okay, here we go... Consider a mass in space so huge that it has a gravitational escape velocity so large that it is some multiple of "c". Of course, i can hear the chorus now, "Nothing can go faster than c!" Now i currently accept and agree with the current party line that a multiple of c can never be attained by radiation. what do i know? i am not going to race alongside radiation with a stopwatch. Solid matter however, may not be bound by such a limitation, and may be another issue completely but even that is in contention. But let's continue... Joe Sixpacks (i) have the suspicion that solid matter, although basically a waveform itself may be able to exceed c and if it does, it just flat ass disappears from view if it is going away from you ala starwars hyperdrive. And if it is coming towards you? i am still thinking about the shock wave on that one. Speedy c Now "c", which for the normal readers who may not know, or have any reason to care, and thereby having proved their sanity, is currently used by the sciencing crowd as notation for the maximum velocity (about 186,000 miles/second) that light (or other radiation) can attain in a vacuum (space). Physicists presume, well i guess, have proven, that the velocity "c" can never be exceeded. So radiation of any type, visible or invisible (wavelength/frequency) could NOT escape the gravitational pull of such a huge mass in space. So a much larger 64c escape velocity generated from a much larger mass, is an impossibility or, stated otherwise, a physical unreality.
Yet another consideration or flimsy hypothesis: Coo-coo, coo-coo... Now before we get too far, let me suggest another hypothesis: The very remote possibility exists that the radiation retention ability, that is the gravitational power of black holes to warp spacetime, may be interdicted by the radiation retaining supermass being simply "too hot" or energetic to effect the process of generating a gravitational field (warping spacetime) See the Snot Standard Model Too hot to trot That is to say, the spacetime warpage may instantly cease when particle (waveform) resonance moves so fast, it passes the threshold of being able to maintain its polar additive properties. Of course the instant question is: How can this happen? well, the only thing i can think of is a condition of overlapping polarities must start to exist and the gravity causing process starts slipping or oscillating between maximum gravity and diminished gravity. Let me reexplain that. A second possibility may be that (Read the SNOT standard model of this series of The Universe according to Joe Sixpack) the little cubes of quantum waveform's corners start to become so compressed that they encroach on each other. Under "normal" gravitational conditions this never happens but under extreme pressures found in a radiation retaining system the diagonals of the quantum cube are crushed/pushed into, and past, one another. So instead of linking with full additive effect, their linkage is pushed together and past the optimal warped spacetime generating point. And therefore are not interlocked into the other's cube waveforms preventing or greatly lessening the net effective linkage. They could link with substantially less gravitational effectiveness greatly reducing gravitation. How far this process can go is anybody's guess. The repulsive force could come into play here and kick ass on the whole ballgame with a massive repulsive event.
Back to the Aether for a second okay, okay, cut me some slack here for a minute... Ahem... in non-warped spacetime talk, the gravalumps (gravitrons) get "out of synch" for hookup or connection to the massless carrying or propagating spacetime ether". I don't expect ANY scientist to agree to that hypothesis, but it keeps popping up in the damnedest places. Either there is not an "ether" and the cubic gravalumps additively warp spacetime themselves or there is an linking massless underlayer creating the gravitational field conditions.
back to the candle (a pre-photon mass discovery discussion) Let me try again to explain briefly about this massless "ether". But more on this later in the next century. Consider a candle burning. The candle emits light in a spherical fashion, er... as an ever diminishing field with distance. it is propagating light "waves". Bet you didn't know that huh? okay, bear with me. the light is still there That is, if you walk all around the candle, you continually just see a bright spot as the oxidation or burning process consumes wax and wick. Now to say that photons, argued to have a rest mass of zero, are being emitted from the candle at the speed of light is to suggest a gazillion, gazillion photons emanating in all directions from the humble candle and to obliquely raise the suggestion that the photons could well saturate the entire universe from just the one candle given enough time, wax and wick. An interesting side spectulation is: Do photons finally peter out and lose more and more energy and become particles again? Just how far can a photon phot? And while i am on the subject, just what the hell really, is a photon anyway? Spherical resonance My current best guess or suggestion is: that the particle activities (hadron, quarks & other unknown denizens) of the burning process going on are creating a spherical pinpoint of an almost quantum tiny inward-outward resonance of a massless linking or propagating ether, a resonance somewhat analogous to alternating current, that is, the photons polar linkage just allows a back and forth resonance, albeit in a spherical fashion, of some quantum period/wavelength visible, infrared, in space, which when the resonance (oscillations) hits the retina of the eye, causes the retina to shake an electron or something even smaller loose and transmit a signal to the brain and it "sees" the light; under this theory there are no photons, just a resonance process which fieldlike, fades out with distance but creates no new photon particles. (how's that for one sentence? My english teacher must be shrieking by now. :-) i was the comma splice king in junior college. Sorry Dr. Doyle.) the hot particle connects to the leg bone Now, let me explain again about this spherical resonance theory. It is a source pinpoint reacting event that sets off a field with all the usual field properties and if anything, is probably composed of something wussy and wavelike, like the massless newtrinos which wavelike, issue forth. (it there something wrong with that sentence?) And it is this theory of a massless propagating underlayer, relevant to extreme gravitation of black holes that gets interfered with, and rendered ineffecive, and renders ineffective, the normal physical processes of the polar linking mechanism that effect field gravitation, the field radiation of visible light, and all other radiation energies. Anyhow, enough of this weird somewhat speculative theory for awhile, and back to the subject at hand.
Oops! but thirdly, yet another repeat discussion before i forget, that is related to the above: Can the Spherical resonance theory of the gravitational process (warped spacetime) be disintegrated by excessive temperatures and pressures due to super hypermass conditions, and result in a exteme supermassive big-bang type distribution? That would mean that once a supermassive hole got to its critical compression pressure size, the gravity (warped spacetime) causing process would collapse past the operational interlink point and the repulsive forces within the black hole would take over and explode at some finite velocity. I like that idea a lot better than hot singularity of a big "onetime" bang of something from nothing and then a fade out and then a "light no more" situation. But the Universe+ may be the better idea for causing the big bang or actually, the big redistribution, following a longterm and massive accretion period. There are limits to intuition for sure...
Batteries not included: Stuff for StarWars! Oooh! a gravity disintergration gun! neat! By squirting massive unlimited heat into the center of a planet you can cause its gravitation processes to collapse and disintergrate and hock goobers! Ah, but we need a certain crystal! and some batteries.. and a switch. Boy, this thing is turning into science fiction fodder fast... :-) (er... fred, they have already done that...) Anyhow... Now back to our supermassive black hole discussion. End of aside.
Okay we are serious again... back to humongous event horizons. To continue: And say for discussion purposes, this huge mass in space has a very powerful gravitational field whose escape velocity would require a theoretical albeit unreachable 64 times the speed of light to escape from at the surface of the mass. Lessening of course, as you got further and further away from the object's real surface in space, until the object in space could be radiationally, so to speak, be escaped from, that is, it could be escaped from when the net effective escape velocity dropped with distance away, somewhat below the "speed of light". Now this is a huge mass to the average Joe Sixpack, but the Universe+ hypothesis submits, that as size goes, this is just a little dirt clump in the Cosmotic (a new word?) scale of things; with solar masses of dirt clods (mass) up in the millions or billions or billions of billions in some outlying parts of the universe at the edge of its detectability. Okay, the question we have been leading to is: At what point from the supermassive black hole would the "event horizon" of the mass with the 64c escape velocity appear? Stated another way: What's the final non-visual diameter of the event horizon of an object whose surface escape velocity would be 64c but now, way out in space when the escape velocity drops to a mere c or whose escape velocity is still a tad over or under the value of 'c'? Simple math, right? Remember, the real subject is how big is the event horizon of supermassive black holes with solar masses in the millions and billions and billions of billions and incidentally, how big can big get? For example, the little Norma Cluster, just a lamb's shake away is only 50,000,000,000,000,000 solar masses. Another question is: Is there a limit to gravitation, beyond which addition mass will not increase the gravity? But more on that later.
Okay, back to the subject of the black hole's event horizon which has a 64c escape velocity at the hard surface: Well... intuitively, again, it might extend out to where the gravitational escape velocity dwindles down to just c, which doing the inversely proportional thing with respect to gravity, would be quite a distance away. Can we ever come up with a firm number for the diameter of an event horizon? Probably not, as the effective dimension of the event horizon or the gravitational influence of any mass is dependent, it appears, on its density, temperature, and therefore, internal pressures which change with changing amounts of mass, heat and pressure. It appears to be a just a guessing game of approximate numbers with even the tolerance values unknown. Two objects, generating event horizons, may have the same apparent event horizon diameter but be somewhat different internally, creating a suspicion about the legitimacy of the "standard candle" as being a good arbiter of determining distance. The candle is suspect or at least, somewhat wobbly. But more on that headache later...
Let's ignore the currently accepted party line 'fact' that nothing can travel faster than the speed of light which, using standard notation, is abbreviated to 'c'. So currently, a '64 times c' escape velocity is in reality, quite meaningless to our current scientists, in so far as developing any real or potential velocity of that magnitude to allow raditation to 'escape'. Notwithstanding the 64c escape velocity as being a practically meaningless number, it may have other unsuspected relevance. Looking at this example of supermassive object gravitational characteristics, we see that there is a very hot, hard, (it is hard because it is under a lot of compression) solid core of mass whose escape velocity is "64c" and another invisible boundary far, far, out from the hard surface whose escape velocity finally falls to a mere value of c; the value of which is the famous 186,000 miles per second. Looking at the spherical edge of the event horizon, the whole thing appears to be just not there. But don't get too close, or go inside the event horizon or even close to the thing's very distant escape velocity that is higher than you tiny spacaship. If you do, you are doomed, Doomed! to be quark soup, hitting the core at near light speed after a long, albeit, short journey from the edge of the event horizon to the hard 64c escape velocity surface. And according to the spacetime physicists, you will be a bit longer when you hit the surface. :-) Okay, that said, can we presume now that there is nothing between the 64c escape velocity surface of the mass and the c escape velocity boundary layer (visible event horizon) except a LOT of retained radiation (remember my "superdirt" from the Universe+ v1.020 discussion) and absolutely no stationary matter of any type whatsoever, it all being pulled within the surface of the 64c mass object. IF the system is a binary one of sufficient different masses and IF there is NO internal radiation/particle evaporation out any zero gravity port occuring due to unequal masses of the binary system which create an interdicting zero gravity "wok" effect to the port which would disallow any escape of radiation or mass due to its elimination of the zero gravity port, THEN there may be a very lot of retained radiation. Most of which may be very close to the hard surface ultra high gravity area and far away from the distant 'c' event horizon boundary layers and IF the radiation itself isn't absorbed or accretted by the binary black hole system. An aside: What is not seen can be a nasty surprize. Even the radiation, if gravitationally retained, would be wrapped around the very high 64c mass and not be too close to the c event horizon/boundary layer. So you would enter the binary black hole system as just empty space with no knowledge or possible change in ambient radiation levels, er, for a while at least... definitely a sneaky event... There will be no warning, no announcement. Like a moth in a spiders web, you can only wait your turn for oblivion. Such are the Black Holes of our Universe.
Size matters: Now our object under discussion, a 64c escape velocity mass for example, would consist of a mere 32,000 solar masses, plus or minus a few depending on density and pressures. This is not an unimaginable dirt clod for space, in fact, my guess is that it would be comparatively tiny when measured against the one million, billion or trillion and quadrillions and higher solar mass objects theoretically conceived to be out there with 'event horizon' diameters in the many millions of light years! Our own tiny Norma Cluster, our destiny, has a mere 50 quadrillion solar masses. Each supermasive object in space would have a unique, albeit, possibly ever-changing radius, diameter & volume value depending on just what is going on inside and what is outside going inside. In assigning a numeric or dimensional value to the "visible" radius of any black hole, lets use RRR for now, short for (Radiation Retaining/Retention Radius) for discussion purposes, which is NOT to be confused with the actual radius of the super massive black hole's actual internal mass boundaries, which would be a much smaller value. Now the distance of RRR always extends out to the simple, plain, c escape velocity boundary area. Or stated otherwise, the RRR value would be the EFFECTIVE radius of the diameter of the 'event horizon' sphere for any black hole. If you go inside that value, or are even close enough that its escape velocity is faster than the speed of your rocket ship, you are history, soon to become part of a very hot quark soup. How hot? Real hot!
Other Shapes Uhhh... the shape of things, (lets call them spherical abberations) changes a bit when there is a binary or greater number (trinary, quatenary & etc.) of mass objects in mutual orbit generating a black hole but let's ignore those for now. Summing up In summary then, the theory exists that a mass with a 64c escape velocity, would be a black hole and would appear to be a much, much, larger sphere than its smaller causitive internal mass would be. If the 64c mass is a binary, tertiary, quatenary black hole with functioning zero gravity evaporating "ports", the situation might change a bit as the internal mass is evaporated out as high and low energy radiation into the empty area between the 64c matter boundary and the RRR c boundary. The 64c eventually goes down to 63, then 62 and so on, due to internal leakage with the internally gravitationally retained radiation becoming more and more intense within the RRR as it closed down in diameter, possibly even with some reabsorption of direct hit radiation reestablishing some particulate matter. But this is partical physics here and an even higher spectculative area on my part.
Coinciding with the decreasing mass, the RRR shrinks to a smaller and smaller RRR value to reflect the internal mass realities and therefore, the "event horizon" boundary sphere shrinks along with it.
Now we have a minor problem Houston: Since the radiation from the evaporating mass is being gravitationally retained, can we say then that the 64c black hole has lost no mass whatsoever, and therefore there won't be any shrinkage of the RRR even though the internal matter (quarks and glueons) is escaping though the zero gravity ports but not past the event horizon? Hmmm... problems, problems... And what happens when the original internal mass goes below even the minor theoretically linear 502 (or 483) solar mass requirement to retain visible radiations? Yet another aside: By the way, this 502 value is simply arrived at by dividing the escape velocity from our own sun into the velocity of light. The 502 number may be way too high. Some parameters yield the value of 483 as the escape velocity for radiation retention. However, my best guess, and it is just a guess, gives the seat of the pants number of 276. That number, instinctively, is probably a bit closer, but it is still a guess, if 'quantum' mass is pushed together and increases in pressure and therefore gravitation generating effectiveness because of the inverse square relationship due to pressure is accounted for. But back again: Will the retained gravitational radiation take the place of the evaporated mass and still give us a 32,000 solar mass gravitational object with no radiation release? The solution to the conundrum seems to be in the density of the gravalumps (new term) within radiation, verses the closeness of the gravalumps in the original matter. In the original matter the pressures press the gravalumps closer together and they become more effective in generating warped spacetime. Now before everybody starts shrieking, that there are no gravalumps in radiation let me state that if radiation can be gravitationally retained, then ipso facto, there must be an effective gravalump or gravalumplike aspect in the radiation, but you can call it whatever you want: gravitrons, quantum this or that and etc. If radiation cannot be gravitationally retained then there is no such thing as a black hole. THEREFORE radiation has mass. Albeit probably only around 3mv or less or even lesser than less. :-) but some. Don't ask me what its quantum properties of inflight radiation are, i haven't the faintest. Our understanding of mass (matter) is so defective that we are still in the wave- particle duality stage of realization (well, at least mine is...) and still awaiting a final resolution of the issue. And while we are at it, why does mass or radiation exist at all anyhow? Well, let's skip that one too for now, i am in over my head enough now...
Huh? Say what? Even though the number of gravalumps are the same within our 64c body, their gravitational ability to warp spacetime effectiveness changes from matter (dirt), to radiation (superdirt) due to compression and therefore the escape velocity drops when matter of equal mass is in radiation form. Plus there might be a massive change in the temperature of the gravalump radiation, verses the original status of the gravalump matter within the original evaporating 64c object. The radiation gravalump being much colder than the matter gravalump once released from the main mass further dropping gravitation as the resonant gravalump slows down in its unfolded velocity. So all in all, it seems that the firecracker will go off when the escape velocity falls to below 'c". Back to the issue: Now when the internal evaporating mass of this supermassive object approaches a final low mass which would generate an escape velocity of only c, and soon below c, down from 64c, all the retained radiation is released at once as the escape velocity finally drops below c due to the ever evaporating and still very hot internal mass. What happens when the escape velocity drops below c? Voila! your common everyday nova. As the high energy zips through the attracted dust and other incoming mass, the theory goes that photons start to get ripped off and generates light. Another theory is that the photons are themselves released. Not so, i think, with the lower energy radiation to generate photons, but as infrared, radio, etc. it putt-putts out too, less energized perhaps, and possibly even carrying old Magum P.I., I Love Lucy, and M.A.S.H. television reruns. Question: Are they still copyrighted after a billion years? Setti is probably missing a bet. They should try and convert some of those x-ray signals from space into our T.V. signals. No telling what commercials they may catch on the new zumphflow 168 toothbrush for a brighter mouth of 200 teeth. What's left? Well, after our Novanic explosion, we have two or more objects in ultrafast orbit around one another. (hmmm... can you orbit not around one another?) Where is my english teacher when i need her... Dr. Doyle! Where are you? The rotational orbital velocity and the size of the greatly shrunken residual objects still defy imagination. It's now a quasar or pulsar beating at velocities near c with incredible centrifugal forces. Don't even think of getting anywhere near it.
Yet another aside: Navigation using black holes as velocity accelerators It would seem possible that a close orbit to any high gravity object, not just black holes, would lend itself to slingshot acceleration technolgy. The main issues with using black holes as accelerators would be to keep the acceleration, probably a large fraction of c, from coating the inside of the spaceship with the remains of the now liquid occupants as the accelerating centifugal g- forces took over. (star wars people, are you listening?) Even if sucessful, how now are you going to slow the damn thing down or even manuver left or right to avoid bonking your destination at speeds. Let's say we want to go to Andromeda. Okay on the approach, how do we slow down? Well, obviously by using a black hole to slow down. How do you do that? Glad it's not my problem. End of discussion.
But back to our original 64c black hole: Now pretend we are in our little red spaceship sports wagon approaching this monsterous many light year diametered "black hole" and unbeknowst to us, are accelerating towards its edge just about to slip through the extended event horizon. Now earlier on my part, the thought was that when the event horizon was penetrated, you were instant quark soup or at least destined to be so. Apparently, now, this may not be exactly true. The second hypothesis is that you are is hit by a ton of radiation (if it is not kept close to the hard core by gravitation upon entry into the event horizon, sort of like walking into a super microwave. you have just entered the yard so to speak and have a way to go yet to get the red hot house.
The third hypothesis is that you won't notice anything unusual for a while as you pass into the event horizon, as most, if not all of the radiation is tightly wrapped around the 64c escape velocity mass. But as you approach the '64c' hard surface, then you hit the radiation just prior to hitting the surface itself. a side question is: How much of the radiation is reabsorbed by the causitive masses buried at the center of the black hole, if indeed any is...
Anyhow, what is posited here is in fact, a new conceptual theoretical stucture in the cosmos, something we might call an "energy hole". Or even a "Black Energy hole" That is composed of the "sea" of retained radiation wrapped on top of the underlying evaporating super hot quarked mass. And that is why the universe appears to be a bubbly diaphanaeous cosmos. What we are looking at is a LOT of invisible, very large, (well in the many light year range) black matter and energy holes, extending light years outward from the central gravitational source. These appear to be "the" common citizen of the cosmos. You DON'T want to be around one of those things if it goes off... Now the e-holes come in all sizes whose existence ends when the gravitational escape velocity goes below c. Some are so huge that it is doubtful that they will ever end. But it all depends on the functioning geometry of the causes of internal evaporation. Some gravitational systems are so huge that even at 250,000,000 light years away they still pull in and accelerate 200 or 300 other "close by" galaxies toward them at velocities of 1,000,000 miles per hour and with increasing measureable velocity as they get closer and closer by the decade. Gravitational lensing of course, would be rampant around such objects. even bending light from galaxies behind, and on the side, to wrap to the front of the gravitational object, possibly even blue shifting it. In a sense disguising, from a vast distance at least, the ever accelerating approach to the local group of galaxies. End of paper.
Well, feel free to pass this one on to anyone that can offer rebuttals or even use the concepts as being invalid as "bad" science to the point of "noise" in any classroom environment. Excuse my uneducated particle physics terminology but i really like the term "gravalumps"... :-) Anyhow,that is why no one is turning off the bubble machine... The universe is composed of hypermassive and supermassive blackholes generating huge (lightyear diameter) apparently empty "bubbles". But they are not empty. Don't even think of taking a shortcut across one because of an apparent clear path to avoid dust, rocks, asteroids and your wife's biscuits.
If, even many light years away from the edge of the hypermassive black hole's event horizon, you in your little spacaship are putt-putting along at your ships maximum speed of 40,000 earth miles per hour, and the escape velocity of the hypermassive black hole at that point is 40,001 miles per hour, you may not be aware at that time that you are now history. Respectfully, it is submitted that you consider them the "Venus Flytraps" of space travel. Be careful when you try and leave the earth. They are all out there waiting. They will not warn. They will not inform. They just wait and let gravity do the job for them. And that is why the sky is dark between the stars at night. The paradox of the dark night sky has been answered.
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