Place of birth:
Nationality:
Jhang, Pakistan
Pakistani
PROF ABDUS SALAM
|
Date of birth:
Place of birth: Nationality: |
29 January 1926
Jhang, Pakistan Pakistani |
Educational Career
| Govemment College, Jhang and Lahore (1938-1946)
Foundation Scholar, St. John's College, Cambridge (1946-1949)
Cavendish Laboratory, Cambridge (1952)
Awarded Smith's Prize by the University of Cambridge for the most outstanding pre-doctoral Contribution to physics (1950) |
M.A(punjab University)
B.A Honours Double in Mathematics (Wrangler) and Physics. Ph.D in Theoretical Physics.
|
Appointments
| (1951-54)
(1951-54) (1954-56) (1957- ) (1964- ) (1964- ) (1951-56) (1951) (1971) |
Professor, Govement College, Lahore
Head of the Mathematics Department of Punjab University,(Lahore) Lecturer, Cambridge University (Cambridge) Professor of Theoretical Physics, London University, Imperial College (London) Founder and Director, International Centre for Theoretical Physics(Trieste) Elected Fellow, St. John's College (Cambridge) Member, Institute of Advanced Study (Princeton) Elected, Honorary Life Fellow, St. John's College (Cambridge) |
United Nations Assignments
| (1955 and 1958) | Scientific Secretary, Geneva Conferences on Peaceful Uses of Atomic Energy |
| (1962-63) | Elected Member of the Board of Governors, IAEA, Vienna |
| (1964-75) | Member, United Nations Advisory Committee on Science and Technology |
| (1971-72) | Elected Chairman, United Nations Advisory Committee on Science and Technology |
| (1970-73) | Member United Nations Panel and Foundation Committee for the United Nations University |
| (1981-83) | Member, United Nations University Advisory Committee |
| (1981-86) | Member, Council, University for Peace (Costa Rica) |
| (1981) | Elected Chairman, UNESCO Advisory Panel on Science. Technology and Society |
Other Assignments
| (1970) | Member, Scientific Council, SIPRI (Stockholm International Peace Research Institute) |
| (1972-78) | Elected Vice Chairman, International Union of Pure and AppliedPhysics (IUPAP) |
| (1983- ) | Elected First President of the Third World Academy of Sciences |
| (1983-86) | Member of the CERN Scientific Policy Committee |
| (1986- ) | Member of the Board of Directors of the Beijir Institute of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences |
Awards for Contributions to Physics
| (1958) | Hopkins Prize (Cambridge University) for the most outstanding contribution to physics during 1957-1958 Adams Prize (Cambridge University) |
| (1961) | First recipient of Maxwell Medal and Award (Physical Society, London) |
| (1964) | Hughes Medal (Royal Society, London) |
| (1971) | J. Robert Oppenheimer Memorial Medal and Prize (University of Miami) |
| (1976) | Guthrie Medal and Prize (Institute of Physics, London) |
| (1977) | Sir Devaprasad Sarvadhikary Gold Medal (Calcutta University) |
| (1978) | Matteucci Medal (Accademia Nazionale dei XL,
Rome) John Torrence Tate Medal
(American Institute of Physics)Royal Medal (Royal Society, London) |
| (1979) | Nobel Prize for Physics (Nobel Foundation)Einstein
Medal (UNESCO, Paris)
Shri R.D. Birla Award (Indian Physics Association) |
| (1980) | Josef Stefan Medal (Josef Stefan Institute, Ljublijana) |
| (1981) | Gold Medal for outstanding contributions to physics (Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences, Prague) |
| (1983) | Lomonosov Gold Medal (USSR Academy of Sciences) |
Awards for Contributions towards Peace and Promotion of International Scientific Collaboration
| (1968) | Atoms for Peace Medal and Award (Atoms for Peace Foundation) |
| (1981) | Peace Medal (Charles University, Prague) |
| (1986) | Premio Umberto Biancamano (Italy) Dayemi International Peace Award (Bangladesh) |
Academies and Societies
| (1954)
(1959)
(1970)
(1971)
(1979)
(1980)
(1981)
(1983)
(1984)
(1985)
(1986)
(1986)
(1987)
|
Elected, Fellow, Pakistan Academy of Sciences
(Islamabad)
Elected, Fellow of the Royal Society (London)
Elected, Fellow, Royal Swedish Academy of Science (Stockholm)
Elected, Foreign Member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences (Boston) Elected, Foreign Member, USSR Academy of Sciences (Moscow) Elected, Foreign Associate, USA National Academy of Sciences (Washington) Elected, Foreign Member, Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei (Rome) Elected, Foreign Member, Accademia Tiberina (Rome) Elected, Foreign Member, Iraqi Academy (Baghdad) Elected, Honorary Fellow, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (Bombay) Elected, Honorary Member, Korean Physics Society (Seoul) Elected, Foreign Member, Academy of the Kingdom of Morocco (Rabat) Elected, Foreign Member, Accademia Nazionale delle Scienze (detta dei Xl), (Rome) Elected, Member, European Academy of Science, Arts and Humanities (Paris) Elected, Associate Member, Josef Stefan Instilute (Ljublijana) Elected, Foreign Fellow, Indian National Science Academy New Delhi) Elected, Fellow, Bangladesh Academy of Sciences (Dhaka) Elected, Member, Pontifical Academy of Sciences (Vatican City) Elected, Corresponding Member, Portuguese Academy of Sciences (Lisbon) Founding Member, Third World Academy of Sciences (Trieste) Elected, Corresponding Member. Yugoslav Academy of Sciences and Arts
(Zagreb)
Elected, Honorary Fellow, Ghana Academy of Arts and Sciences
Elected, Honorary Member, Polish Academy of Sciences
Elected, Corresponding Member, Academia de Ciencias Medicas, Fisicasy Naturales de Guatemala Elected Honorary Life Fellow, London Physical Society Elected, Fellow, World Academy of Art and Science (Stockholm) Elected, Corresponding Member, Academia de Ciencias Fisicas, Matematicas y Naturales de Venezuela Elected, Fellow, Pakistan Academy of Medical Sciences Elected, Foreign Fellow, African Academy of Sciences |
Orders
| (1979) | Order of Nishan-e-Imtiaz (Pakistan) |
| (1980) | Order of Andres Bello (Venezuela) Order of Istiqlal (Jordan) Cavaliere di Gran Croce dell'Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana |
D.Sc. Honoris Causae
| (1957) | Punjab University, Lahore, Pakistan |
| (1971) | University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK |
| (1979) | University of Trieste, Trieste, ItalyUnivcrsity of Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan |
| (1980) | Universidad Nacional de Ingenieria, Lima, Peru
University of San Marcos, Lima, Peru National University of San Antonio Abad, Cuzco, Peru Universidad Simon Bolivar, Caracas, Venezuela University of Wroclow, Wroclow, Poland Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan University of Istanbul, Istanbul, Turkey |
| (1981) | Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
Muslim University, Aligarh, India Hindu University, Banaras, India University of Chittagong, Bangladesh University of Bristol, Bristol, UK University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Nigeria
|
| (1982) | University of the Philippines, Quezon City, Philippines |
| (1983) | University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan
University Complutense de Madrid, Spain |
| (1984) | The City College, The City University
of New York, New York,USA
University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya |
| (1985) | University Nacional de Cuyo, Cuyo, Argentina
Universidad Nacional de la Plata, La Plata, Argentina University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK University of Goteborg, Goteborg, Sweden |
| (1986) | Kliment Ohridski University of Sofia,
Sofia, Bulgaria
University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland University of Science and Technolgoy, Heifei, China The City University, London, UK |
| (1987) | Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
Medicina Alternativa, Colombo, Sri Lanka National UniversitY of Benin, Cotonou. Benin |
Pakistan Assignments
| (1958-74) | Member, Atomic Energy Commission, Pakistan |
| (1959) | Adviser, Education Commission Pakistan Member, Scientific Commission, Pakistan |
| (1961-62) | Elected President, Pakistan Association for Advancement of Science |
| (1961-74) | Chief Scientific Adviser to President of Pakistan |
| (1961-64) | Founder Chairman, Pakistan Space and Upper Atmosphere Committee |
| (1962-63) | Governor from Pakistan to the International Atomic Energy Agency |
| (1963-75) | Member, National Science Council, Pakistan |
| (1973-77) | Member, Board of Pakistan Science Foundation |
Pakistani Awards
| (1959) | Sitara-i-Pakistan (S. Pk.)
Pride of Performance Medal and Award |
| (1979) | The Order of Nishan-e-lmtiaz (the highest civilian award) |
As "Servant of Peace"
| (1968) | Awarded the Atoms for Peace Medal and Award (Atoms for Peace Foundation) |
| (1970- ) | Member, Scientific Council, SIPRI (Stockholm International Peace Research Institute) |
| (1981) | Peace Medal (Charles University, Prague) |
| (1981-86) | Member, Council, University for Peace, Costa Rica |
| (1986) | Premio Umberto Biancamano (Italy) , Dayemi International Peace Award (Bangladesh) |
Published Papers
Around 250 scientific papers on physics of elementary particles. Papers on .scientific and educational policies
for developing countries and Pakistan.
Scientific Contributions
Research on physics of elementary particles. Particular contributions:
(i)two-component neutrino theory and the prediction of the inevitable parity violation in weak interaction;
(ii) gauge unification of weak and electromagnetic interactions - the unified force is called the "Electroweak" force -
a name given to it by Abdus Salam; predicted existence of weak neutral currents and W, Z particles
before their experimental discovery;
(iii) symmetry properties of elementary particles; unitary symmetry;
(IV) renormalization of meson theories;
(v)gravity theory and its role in particle physics; two tensor theory of gravity and strong interaction physics:
(vi)unification of electroweak with strong nuclear forces, grand (electro nuclear) unification:
(vii) related prediction of proton-decay;
(viii) supersymmetry theory, in particular formulation of superspace and formalism of superfields.
