Brazilian Portuguese Grammar
Verb tenses 2
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Imperative mood |
| Imperativo afirmativo and imperativo negativo | |||
| Use | Example | English | English equivalent |
| Orders and commmands |
Fique quieto!
Não faça isso! Não façam isso! |
Be quiet!
Don't do that. Don't (you guys) do that! |
Imperative |
| Suggestions, advice, requests, recommendations |
Seja um bom garoto.
Não se esqueça de mim.
Sejamos pacientes.
Não percamos tempo com isso.
|
Be a good boy.
Don't forget about me.
Let's be patient.
Let's not waste our time on that. |
Imperative
Let's (not)+ verb corresponds to the 1st person plural (nós) of the imperative
|
|
Invitations
(with the verb form vamos - 1st person of the imperative affirmative, verb ir) |
Vamos ao
teatro?
Vamos tomar sorvete? |
Why don't we go to the theater? Why don't we have some ice cream?
|
Why don't we + verb |
|
Verbals Formas nominais |
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Infinitivo impessoal
(The verb form found in dictionaries) |
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| Use | Example | English | English equivalent |
| Subject of clauses |
Fumar é prejudicial.
|
Smoking is harmful. |
Verbs in the ing form
or verbs in the infinitive with to |
| "Ser ou não ser, eis a questão." | "To be or not to be, that is the question." | ||
| Verb complements | Eu preciso ir. |
I need to go.
|
Verb complements, which can be expressed by an infinitive with to, a bare infinitive (infinitive without to) or a verb in the ing form |
| Ela quer ficar. | She wants to stay. | ||
| Nós temos que pagar impostos. | We have to pay taxes. | ||
| Eu não sei nadar. | I can't swim. | ||
| Você gosta de viajar, não é? | You like traveling, don't you? | ||
| Verb phrases |
Ela deve estar louca.
Ele vai ser muito feliz.Ele está acostumado a acordar cedo.
|
She must be crazy.
He will be very happy.
|
Verb phrases |
| Complements of nouns and adjectives |
Ele está disposto a nos ajudar. Eles têm medo de ficar sozinhos.
|
He's willing to
help us.
They're afraid of being alone. |
Infinitives or verbs in the ing form as complements of nouns and adjectives |
|
The subordinating clause and the main clause have the same subject.
|
Eles negaram estar cientes do assunto. |
They denied to be aware of the matter. or They claimed that they are aware of the matter.
|
Common in reported speech |
| Elas disseram estar preparadas para a prova. | They said they are prepared for the test. | ||
| Verb in the passive voice + preposition + impersonal infinitive | Os senadores foram forçados a renunciar. |
The senators
were forced
to
resign.
or The senators were forced into resigning. |
Although English verbs in the passive voice may be
followed by verbs in the infinitive and/or in the ing form,
you have to stick to the rule in Portuguese: use the impersonal
infinitive.
|
|
Infinitives used as imperaties
(for orders, prohibitions and requests) |
Não fumar
Dar a descarga. |
No smoking
Flush the toilet. |
Only the impersonal infinitive can substitute for the imperative |
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