Leffler CT, Philippi AF, Leffler SG, Mosure JC, Kim PD: Glucosamine, Chondroitin and Manganese Ascorbate for Degenerative Joint Disease of the Knee or Low Back: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Pilot Study. Military Medicine, 164(2):85-91, February 1999.

Das AK, Hammad TA: Efficacy of a combination of FCHG49TM Glucosamine Hydrochloride, TRH122TM Low Molecular Weight Sodium Chondroitin Sulfate and Manganese Ascorbate in the Management of Knee Osteoarthritis. Osteoarthitis and Cartilage, 8)5):343-3350, 2000

ADDITIONAL RESEARCH

Schenck RC, Clare DJ, Gilley JS et al.: Role of Glucosamine/Chondroitin Sulfate Formula in Treatment of an Osteochondral Impaction Injury in a Collegiate Basketball Player. Orthopedic Tehcnology Review, 2(7):12-15, July/August 2000.

Adebowale A, Cox D, Liang Z, Eddington N: Analysis of glucosamine and Chondroitin Sulfate content in Marketed products and the Caco-2 Permeability of Chondroitin Sulfate Raw Materials. JANA 3:1 37-44, Spring 2000

McAlindon T, LaValley M, Gulin J, Felson D: Glucosamine and Chondroitin for Treatment of Osteoarthritis. JAMA 283:11 1469-1475, March 15, 2000

Davis WM: The role of glucosamine and chondroitin sulfate in the management of arthritis. Drug Topics (Suuplement): 3S-13S, April 1998

Hungerford DS: Treating osteoarthitis with chondroprotective agents. Orthopedic Special Edition 4(1):39-42, 1998

Das A: The Biochemistry of cartilage and osteoarthritis treatment opinions. A CME Accredited Special Report. New York, McMahon Publishing Group, pp 1-4, January 1999

Schenck RC: Osteoarthritis treatment and potential structure modifying with nutraceuticals. A CME Accredited Special Report. New York, McMahon Publishing Group, pp 1-4, January 1999

Hungerford D, Navarro R, Hammad T: Use of nutraceuticals in the management of osteoarthritis. Journal of the American Nutraceutical Association 3(1):23-27, 2000

CELL CULTURE / ANIMAL MODELS

Lippiello L, Woodward J, Karpman R, Hammad T: Beneficial Effect of Cartilage Structure Modifying Agents Tested in Chondrocyte Cultures and a Rabbot Instability Model of Osteoarthrosis. Arthritis and Rheumatism, 42:9 Supp. #1111, September 1999, Accepted for publication in Clinical Orthopedics Related Research

Beren J, Hill SL, Marie Diener-West, Rose NR: Therapeutic Effect of Glucosamine HCl/Chondroitin Sulfate Combination on Autiimmune Type II Collagen Induced Arthritis in Rats. Accepted for publication in Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine, 2000.

Mims TT, O'Grady C, Marwin S, Grande DA: Effects of Dietary Supplements on Cartilage Metabolism and its Potential Role in Osteoarthritis. Abstract-Presented aat the 46th Annual Meeting, Orthopaedic Research Society, Session 39, Orlando FL, March 14, 2000.

Lippiello L, Idouraine A, McNamara PS, Barr SC, McLaughlin RM: Cartilage Stimulatory and Antiproteolytic Activity is Present in Sera of Dogs Treated with a Chondroprotective Agent, Canine Practice, 24(1):18-19, January-February 1999.

VETERINARY

Canapp SO, McLaughlin RM, Hoskinson JJ, Roush JK, Butine MD: Scintigraphic Evaluation of Glucosamine HCl and Chondroitin Sulfate as Treatment for Acute Synovitis in Dogs. American Journal of Veterinary Research, Vol. 60 No. 12: 1552-1557, December 1999.

Hulse DS, Hart D, Slatter M, Beale BS: The Effect of Cosequin in Cranial Cruciate Deficient and Reconstructed Stifle Joints in Dogs. Veterinary Orthopedic Society, 25th Annual Conference p. 64, February 1998.

Hanson RR, Hammad TA, Brawner W: Evaluation of the Clinical Efficacy of Cosequin in the Treatment of Navicular Syndrome - A Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Randomizd Clinical Trial. Veterinary Orthopedic Society, 25th Annual Conference, p.63, February 1998.

Hanson RR, Smalley LR, Huff GK, White S, Hammad TA: Oral Treatment with a Glucosamine-Chondroitin Sulfate Compound for Degenerative Joint Disease in Horses: 25 Cases. Equine Practice, 19:9:16-22, October 1997

Anderson MA, Slater MR, Hammad TA: Results of a Survey of Small-Animal Practitioners on the Perceived Clinical Efficacy and Safety of an Oral Nutraceutical. Preventive Veterinary Medicine, 38:65-73, 1999.

ADDITIONAL REASEARCH

McNamara PS, Barr SC, Erb HN: Hematologic, Hemastatic and Biochemical Effects in Cats Receiving An Oral Chondroprotective Agent for Thirthy Days. Veterinary Therapeutics, 1(2):108-117, 2000.

McNamara PS, Barr SC, Erb HN, Barlow LL: Hematological, Hemastatic and Biochemical Effects in Cats Receiving An Oral Chondroprotective Agent for Thirty Days. Veterinary Therapeutics, 1(2):108-117, 2000

Johnson KA, Hulse DA, Hart RC, Kochevar D, Chu Q: Effects of an orally administered mixture of chondroitin sulfate, glucosamine hydrochlride and manganese ascorbate on synovial fluid chondroitin sulfate 3B3 and 7D4 epitope in a canine cruciate ligament transection model of osteoarthritis. Accepted for publication in Osteoarthritis and Cartilage.

ensit Neptunus, et imis stagna refusa vadis,graviter commotus; et alto prospiciens, summ aplacidum caput extulit unda. Disiectam Aeneae, toto videt aequore classem, fluctibus oppressos Troas caelique ruina, nec latuere doli fratrem Iunonis et irae. Eurum ad se Zephyrumque vocat, dehinc talia fatur.