Diabetes Education 2002 Page 4
Ok so I have many of these things, you say to yourself. But the doctor never does a test and he says I am fine. What do I do now? Well. first find another doctor, and get a good control of your diet and get into an exercise program.
If you can afford it, and you think that you have diabetes, and show alot of the symptoms, now is the time to purchase an inexpensive glucose meter. Wal-Mart or your favorite drug store have their own brand and inexpensive strips.
Normal numbers are as follows. For fasting( that is you have had nothing to eat for at least 8 hours, like after a good nights sleep) should be between 70-110,  2 hours after eating it should be between 110-140, sometimes as high as 180, and before bed between 90-140 is considered normal target ranges. If you feel that you have these numbers then maintain a good diet.
But what is a good diet for a full blown diabetic or a possible diabetic.
Well,, It is now known that sugar and starches all metabolize the same way. So just staying away from sugar is not the way. You hcan have sugar because it does the same thing in the body as a piece of fruit.

BIOLOGY
When you eat any thing, your body triggers the release of enzymes. So when you eat sugar or starches or carbohydrates, the body gets a signal to release insulin. It doesnt matter what kind of " sugar " you eat the body responds the same way. Insulin allows the cells to accept or use the glucose. When there isn't enough insulin
to let the body use the glucose, it builds up in the blood stream and causes the body to dissolve. This dissolving comes from the signal from the cells that it needs more food because the cells have no energy. So you are hungry. So you eat more, which in turn leads you to produce more glucose because of lack of insulin. So the cell drowning suffocates the cells and they die off. This dying off causes another acid to be formed. The body in this state produces something called ketones.. Ketones are just like acetone on a nylon blouse. It melts.

So in a diabetic state no matter what starch or sugar you eat, the same amount of insulin is supposed to be released. In the following pages we will see how to count carbohydrates, as thats the key to limiting the amount of glucose buildup in the blood stream, and using proteins to balance it out, as proteins burn carbs to be digested.
FOOD....
Tools for you. You wil need to invest in some good cast iron cookware. Cast iron adds iron and is non stick when seasoned correctly. Non stick many times will peel into foods.  measuring cups with stamped numbers, a scale, and lots of spices . One problem that many people think about diabetics is that the food has to be bland. Well nothing could be more wrong. Spice adds zest... so spicy foods  are wonderful. A note book, as when you are starting  out its a good idea to count your carbs.
So you ask, how many carbohydrates should I have in a day. Well it depends on how high your numbers are. If your consistanltly under 150 then you can have a bit more carbohydrate than if your numbers are above. But a general rule is 4 per meal. You will need a carbohydrate book, so you can email me to get these.

How much is a carbohydrate serving
According to the food pyramid guide,  an average person is to have 6- 11 grain carbs, 2-3 fruit carbs, 2-3 milk carbs, and 2-3 misc. carbs per day. When you add that up that�s between 11 and 17 total carbohydrates a day. By using the graphics below, maybe some of the mystery of carbohydrate counting can be de mystified.
A rule is that each serving of carbohydrate is 15 grams. So here's the way it stacks up
                            1 carb=15 grams =1 slice of bread.               
                      
Two slices of bread. Is called two carbs. Each slice is one carbohydrate. Bread is your standard. Anything we eat that is a carbohydrate is equaled to bread slices. So look at the examples below.

  One small to medium apple OR 1 banana is 1 slice of bread.
1/10 of an 8 inch round cake is 1 slice of bread.
   1 Hershey single serving candy bar 1 slice of bread
1 8-ounce glass of milk equals 1 slice of bread
25 McDonalds french-fries equals 1 slice of bread.

By deciding. When being counseled on how many carbohydrates you can eat per meal, you can include candy bars, French fries and cake in your daily carbohydrate intake. As long as it�s measured and counted. And you don�t' do it on a steady basis. By counting and adding the traditional nono foods, you can prevent cravings and prevent cheating.
Here are a few examples of two carb treats,
2 carb treats. This counts as two slices of bread, So simply give up two slices of bread a day to have this treat.
The standard hamburger bun is two carbs. (30 gms)
12 ounce mug of hot cocoa with mini marshmallows
    A single cupcake or muffin is 2 carbs
A glazed donut, an ice cream sandwich or a single slice of pizza all count as 2 carbs

Another thing to remember is that 15 grams of carbohydrate can raise glucose levels between 30 and 50 points.
A diabetics life reveloves around schedules. By eating the same amounts at the sme time of the daya the body is not taxed or strained and the insulin levels that your body neds and produces become consistant.
Copyright Julia Sherman D.N. 2000-2001
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