Monitoring and control systems sense or measure the conditions in the environment and then command the actions of a device

Monitoring and control systems sense or measure the conditions in the environment and then command the actions of a device. The thermostat in an oven senses the temperature. When the temperature falls below a certain set point then the element is turned on. If the temperature increases above a certain set point the element turns off.

11.1 Hardware

Sensors are input devices that measure data from the environment. Sensors can detect temperature, light, position, touch and flow of fluids. Actuators carry out a mechanical action under the control of a signal. Some common actuators are electric motors, solenoids and stepping motors. Controllers can be simple or complex. It receives the information from an input device then sends an appropriate signal to an actuator. An interface allows different types of hardware to be connected.

Robots are programmable computers design to perform a variety of tasks by moving material, parts or tools. If the robot has no sensors for feedback then they are called non-adaptive robots. Adaptive robots can sense the environment and make changes to their performance. End effectors are the grippers, tools and switches attached to the working end of the robot.

Write out the sentence and fill in the missing word

Monitoring and control systems ????? the conditions in the environment and then command the actions of a device.

Many devices today such as video recorders, televisions, microwave ovens and washing machines are controlled by ????? .

????? can detect changes in the levels of light.

????? can detect how far an object has moved.

Flow sensors detect the motion of ????? , including liquids and gases.

An interface is any device that allows computers and ????? to be connected.

????? converts an analogue signal into a digital signal.

????? robots have no way of sensing the environment, as there are no inputs from the environment on which to base a decision.

Adaptive robots can make ????? based on changes in their environment.

????? are attached to the working end of a robotic device.