| A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
A
| axiom |
- (philosophy) A self-evident and necessary truth; a proposition which it is necessary to take for granted; a proposition whose truth is so evident that no reasoning or demonstration can make it plainer. For example, "The whole is greater than a part."
- An established principle in some art or science that is universally received.
-
The axioms of political economy cannot be considered absolute truths. (Wiktionary)
|
B
| behaviourism |
the idea that the scientific study of the mind should be based only on outward behaviour and physical states, not on people's reports of their thoughts and feeling |
| browser |
a general-purpose user interface, used with the web and other online information services; also known as a web browser (Arms) |
C
| competence |
what the speaker knows about his language |
| computational linguistics |
the branch of natural language processing that deals with grammar and linguistics (Arms) |
| conversion |
transformation of information from one medium to another, including from paper to digital form (Arms) |
| corpus |
a collection of material or information for study |
D
| deep structure |
the syntactic relations of a sentence |
| definition |
an exact statement of the meaning, nature, or limits of something, esp. of a word or phrase |
| diachronic |
The adjective diachronic (from Greek elements dia "through" and chronos "time") means "historically", "over time".It is generally opposed to synchronic. (Wikipedia) |
| dialect |
a variety of a language, spoken in one part of a country, which is different in some words or grammar or phonology from other forms of the same language |
| diphthong |
a compound vowel sound made by pronouncing two vowels quickly one after the other |
| document |
digital object that is the analog of a physical document, especially textual materials (Arms) |
| dynamic object |
digital object where the dissemination presented to the user depends upon the execution of a computer program, or other external activity (Arms) |
E
| empiricism |
The pursuit of knowledge by observation and experiment; The philosophical theory which attributes the origin of all our knowledge to experience. |
F
G
H
| heading |
the words written as a title at the top of a piece of writing, or at the top of each part of it |
| holistic |
based on the principle that a whole thing or being is more than just a collection of parts added together |
| HTML |
(Hypertext Markup Language) the predominant markup language for the creation of web pages |
| hypertext |
Text with links to other text. Documents written as hypertext contain text that when "clicked on" by the user with a mouse, links to other documents.
www.tamu.edu/ode/glossary.html |
I
| inference |
the act of forming an opinion from or making a judgment based on something |
| internet |
An international network, consisting of independently managed networks using the TCP/IP protocols and a shared naming system. A successor to the ARPAnet. (Arms) |
J
K
L
| language |
the system of human expression by means of words; a system of signs, movements, etc. used to express meanings and feelings |
| langue |
symbolic system through which we communicate |
| linguistics |
the study of language in general and of particular languages, their structure, grammar, history, etc. |
M
| materialism |
the belief that only matter exists, and that there is no world of the spirit |
| media |
(plural of 'medium') the formats for presenting information |
| methodology |
- A collection of methods, practices, procedures and rules used by those who work in some field.
- The study of such methods etc.
- The implementation of such methods etc. (Wiktionary)
|
| model |
A simplification of a complex entity or process; a simplified representation of reality.
A model has a meaning, a structure, and an appearance. The appearance can be an artifact. |
| morpheme |
the smallest meaningful unit in a language, consisting of a word or part of a word that cannot be divided without losing its meaning |
N
| NLP |
(Natural Language Processing) studies the problems of automated generation and understanding of natural human languages (Wikipedia) |
O
P
| paradigm |
- an example serving as a model or pattern.
- (linguistics) a set of all forms which contain a common element, especially the set of all inflectional forms of a word or one of its grammatical category.
- example: boy, boy's, boys, boys'.
- A system of assumptions, concepts, values, and practices that constitutes a way of viewing reality.
|
| parole |
refers to the actual utterances in a language |
| parsing |
stating the part of speech, the grammatical form, and the use in a particular sentence of a word |
| performance |
the actual use of a language in a given situation |
| phatic |
Of or relating to words used to convey polite mood, rather than meaning; for example, "You're welcome" is not used to convey its literal meaning but is said only as an automatic polite response to an expression of thanks. (Wiktionary) |
| philology |
the study of the nature and sepecially development of words or language |
| portfolio |
In education, portfolio refers to a personal collection of information describing and documenting a person’s achievements and learning. There is a variety of portfolios ranging from learning logs to extended collections of achievement evidence. Portfolios are used for many different purposes such as accreditation of prior experience, job search, continuing professional development, certification of competences. (Wikipedia) |
Q
R
| rationalism |
The theory that the basis of knowledge is reason rather than experience, or divine revelation. (Wiktionary) |
S
| semantics |
the study of the meaning of words and other parts of language |
| semiotics |
the study of signs an their meaning in the exchange of information, especially in language |
| speech recognition |
the automatic conversion of spoken words to computer text (Arms) |
| style |
a style defines for each element what it looks like |
| surface structure |
the derived representation of the deep structure of a sentence |
| synchronic |
The adjective synchronic (composed from Greek elements syn "together" and chronos "time") means roughly "simultaneous", "at the same time". It is generally opposed to diachronic. (Wikipedia) |
| syntagma |
A sequence of linguistic units in a syntagmatic relationship to one another. (Wiktionary) |
T
| text |
"A text is a sequence of paragraphs that represents an extended unit of speech" (Loos). Text in its broadest term are words used to express something. |
| text linguistics |
Text linguistics is an area of linguistics that studies texts as communication systems. It describes the 'grammar' of a text, applying linguistc analysis to the text on a broader level, i.e. on more than the sentence or the word. |
| text theory |
a theory of the interpretation and verbalisation of texts
The main object of research is the text as an integral part of social interactions. |
| theorem |
a statement of some importance that can be shown to be true by reasoning |
| theory |
a reasonable or scientifically acceptable explanation for a fact or event, which has not been proved true; general principles and knowledge as opposed to practical methods or scills; set of rules or principles for the study of a subject |
| topicalisation |
the placing of the topic of a sentence at the begining
Example: That definition, it was easy. (Wiktionary) |
| transformation |
a rule that systematically converts one syntactic form into another; a sentence derived by such a rule (Wiktionary) |
U
V
| vowel |
any of the human speech sounds in which the breath is let out without any closing of the air passage in the mouth or throat |
W
| website |
The entire collection of web pages and other information (such as images, sound, and video files, etc.) that are made available through what appears to users as a single web server.
(www.snooble.com/playground/glossary.htm) |
X
Y
Z
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